Long noncoding RNA LINC00460 promotes the progression of cervical cancer via regulation of the miR-361-3p/Gli1 axis

LINC00460 knockdown sensitizes cervical cancer to cisplatin by downregulating TGFBI

The acquired resistance of cancer to cisplatin (DDP) limits the efficacy of chemotherapy. The prognostic value of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00460 has been reported in cervical cancer. However, its effect on DDP sensitivity in cervical cancer remains poorly understood. In present study, LINC00460 was screened out through bioinformatics analysis. The expression levels of mRNAs and proteins were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) or western blot analysis. The sensitivity to DDP was investigated using an CCK8 assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The differentially expressed genes that were associated with the poor prognosis of cervical cancer were screened, and their correlations with LINC00460 expression were explored using Pearson's correlation analysis. Tumor xenograft model was used to assess the effect of LINC00460 knockdown on DDP sensitivity in vivo. The interaction between miR-338-3p and LINC00460 or transforming growth factor β-induced protein (TGFBI) was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter assays. LINC00460 expression was increased in cervical cancer tissues and cells. High expression of LINC00460 was associated with dismal prognosis in cervical cancer patients. Silencing of LINC00460 increased drug sensitivity and induced apoptosis in DDP-resistant-cervical cancer cells. LINC00460 knockdown enhanced DDP sensitivity in cervical cancer cells largely by downregulating TGFBI expression. LINC00460 knockdown enhanced the sensitivity of cervical cancer to DDP in vivo, and this effect was partly mediated by the downregulation of TGFBI. LINC00460 positively regulated TGFBI expression, possibly by acting as a sponge of miR-338-3p. LINC00460 knockdown contributed to DDP sensitivity of cervical cancer by downregulating TGFBI, providing a novel mechanism underlying the acquisition of DDP sensitivity.

LINC00460 promotes angiogenesis by enhancing NF-κB-mediated VEGFA expression in cervical cancer cells

Angiogenesis is a characteristic of tumor development and is key for tumor growth and metastasis. LINC00460 is a long non-coding RNA that plays important yet complex roles in cancer development and progression. Here, we explored the functional mechanism of action of LINC00460 in cervical cancer (CC) angiogenesis for the first time. We found that conditioned medium (CM) from LINC00460-knockdown CC cells attenuated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration, invasion, and tube formation, whereas LINC00460 upregulation had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, LINC00460 stimulated VEGFA transcription. Suppressing VEGF-A reversed the effects of CM from LINC00460-overexpressing CC cells on HUVEC angiogenesis. Recombinant VEGFA eliminated the suppressive effects of CM from LINC00460-knockdown CC cells. Furthermore, LINC00460 enhanced VEGFA expression and promoted angiogenesis by activating the NF-κB pathway. Our data illustrate that LINC00460 can promote angiogenesis by activating the NF-κB-VEGFA axis, suggesting that the axis is a promising target for blocking tumor angiogenesis.

Oncogenic roles of the lncRNA LINC00460 in human cancers

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent an important group of endogenous RNAs with limit protein-encoding capability, with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. Emerging evidence have demonstrated that lncRNAs are greatly involved in multiple cancers by playing critical roles in tumor initiation and progression. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 460 (LINC00460), a novel cancer-related lncRNA, exhibits abnormal expression and oncogenic function in multiple cancers, and positively correlates with poor clinical characteristics of cancer patients. LINC00460 has also been shown to be a promising biomarker for diagnosis as well as prognostic evaluation in cancer patients. In this review, we briefly summarized recent knowledge on the expression, functional roles, molecular mechanisms, and diagnostic and prognostic values of LINC00460 in human malignancies.

An Immunity-Associated lncRNA Signature for Predicting Prognosis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Background

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAD) is one of the most common tumors in the world and the prognosis is still very poor.

Objective

We sought to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers for the progression of GAD and the sensitivity to drug therapy.

Method

The RNA sequencing data of GAD was downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and used for analysis. Differentially expressed, immune-related lncRNA (DEIRlncRNA) was characterized by differential analysis and correlation analysis. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify DEIRlncRNA associated with prognosis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis allowed us to determine a signature composed of eight IRlncRNAs. Based on this signature, we further performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and somatic mutation analysis to evaluate the ability of this signature to predict prognosis.

Results

In total, 72 immune-related lncRNAs (DEIRlncRNAs) with prognostic value were identified. These lncRNAs were used to construct a model containing eight immune-related lncRNAs (8-IRlncRNAs). Based on this risk model, we divided GAD patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The analysis showed that the prognosis of the two groups was different and that the high-risk group had worse overall survival (OS). Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the proportion of memory B cells increased in the high-risk group while the proportion of macrophages M1, T cells, CD4 memory-activated cells, and T cell follicular helpers decreased. GSEA results showed that 8-IRlncRNA was significantly enriched in tumorigenesis pathways such as myc. The results of somatic mutation analysis showed that the CDH1 gene was significantly mutated in the high-risk group.

Conclusion

A prognostic signature of 8-IRlncRNAs in GAD was established and this signature was able to predict the prognosis of GAD patients.

Computed Tomography Imaging-Based Radiogenomics Analysis Reveals Hypoxia Patterns and Immunological Characteristics in Ovarian Cancer

Purpose

The hypoxic microenvironment is involved in the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer (OC). Therefore, we aim to develop a non-invasive radiogenomics approach to identify a hypoxia pattern with potential application in patient prognostication.

Methods

Specific hypoxia-related genes (sHRGs) were identified based on RNA-seq of OC cell lines cultured with different oxygen conditions. Meanwhile, multiple hypoxia-related subtypes were identified by unsupervised consensus analysis and LASSO–Cox regression analysis. Subsequently, diversified bioinformatics algorithms were used to explore the immune microenvironment, prognosis, biological pathway alteration, and drug sensitivity among different subtypes. Finally, optimal radiogenomics biomarkers for predicting the risk status of patients were developed by machine learning algorithms.

Results

One hundred forty sHRGs and three types of hypoxia-related subtypes were identified. Among them, hypoxia-cluster-B, gene-cluster-B, and high-risk subtypes had poor survival outcomes. The subtypes were closely related to each other, and hypoxia-cluster-B and gene-cluster-B had higher hypoxia risk scores. Notably, the low-risk subtype had an active immune microenvironment and may benefit from immunotherapy. Finally, a four-feature radiogenomics model was constructed to reveal hypoxia risk status, and the model achieved area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.900 and 0.703 for the training and testing cohorts, respectively.

Conclusion

As a non-invasive approach, computed tomography-based radiogenomics biomarkers may enable the pretreatment prediction of the hypoxia pattern, prognosis, therapeutic effect, and immune microenvironment in patients with OC.

Ferroptosis‑related long non‑coding RNAs and the roles of LASTR in stomach adenocarcinoma

Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that participates in diverse physiological processes. Increasing evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate ferroptosis in tumors, including stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). In the present study, RNA-sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and ferroptosis-related markers from the FerrDb data resource were analyzed to select differentially expressed lncRNAs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed on these differentially expressed lncRNAs to screen 12 lncRNAs linked with overall survival (OS) and 13 associated with progression-free survival (PFS). Subsequently, two signatures for predicting OS and PFS were established based on these lncRNAs. Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated that the high-risk group of patients with STAD had relatively poor prognosis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the two signatures indicated their excellent efficacy in predicting STAD prognosis. In addition, the effect of the lncRNA LASTR on proliferation and migration in gastric cancer was confirmed and the relationship between LASTR and ferroptosis was initially explored through experiments. These results provide potential novel targets for tumor treatment and promote personalized medicine.

Long noncoding RNA ALOX12-AS1 inhibits cervical cancer cells proliferation via targeting miR-3171

Cervical cancer is a common female malignancy worldwide, and the molecular mechanism of cervical tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. A large piece of evidence have demonstrated the important roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and drug resistance. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the lncRNAs expression pattern in cervical cancer using RNA sequencing and microarray data from the cancer genome atlas, gene expression omnibus and Genotype Tissue Expression. Moreover, we assessed the correlation between lncRNA expression levels and cervical cancer patient's survival. We uncovered hundreds of lncRNAs that are upregulated or downregulated in cervical cancer tissues. Among these aberrantly lncRNAs, some are significantly associated with cervical patients' poorer prognosis, such as ALOX12-AS1 and LINC00173. ALOX12-AS1 expression is downregulated in cervical cancer, and over-expression of ALOX12-AS1 could inhibit cervical cancer cells proliferation in vitro. Further, mechanistically investigation revealed that ALOX12-AS1 could interact with AGO2 and sponge miR-3171, thereby antagonizing its' repression of tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog expression in cervical cancer cell. Taken together, this study provides lncRNA candidates in cervical cancer and highlights the critical role of ALOX12-AS1 in cervical cancer.

LncRNA LINC00460: Function and mechanism in human cancer

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides in length and with limited protein-coding potential, play vital roles in the pathogenesis, tumorigenesis, and angiogenesis of cancers. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been detected in various carcinomas and may be correlated with oncogenesis by affecting related genes expression. Recently, an increasing number of studies have reported on long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 460 (LINC00460) in human tumor fields. LINC00460 is upregulated in diverse cancer tissues and cells. The upregulated expression level of LINC00460 is correlated with larger tumor size, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall survival. The regulatory mechanism of LINC00460 was complex and diverse. LINC00460 could act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), directly bind with proteins or regulate multiple pathways, which affected tumor progression. Moreover, LINC00460 was also identified to increase drug resistance, and therefore, weaken the effectiveness of tumor treatment. It has become increasingly important to investigate the roles of LINC00460 in various cancers by different mechanisms. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of LINC00460 is crucial to expound on the cellular function and molecular mechanism of human cancers. In this review, we refer to studies concerning LINC00460 and provide the basis for the evaluation of LINC00460 as a predicted biomarker or potential therapeutic target in malignancies, and also provide ideas for the future research of lncRNAs similar to LINC00460.

EIF4A3-induced circular RNA PRKAR1B promotes osteosarcoma progression by miR-361-3p-mediated induction of FZD4 expression

Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs are broadly expressed in osteosarcoma (OS) cells and play a crucial role in OS progression. Recently, cancer-specific circRNA circPRKAR1B has been identified by high-throughput sequencing and is recorded in publicly available databases. Nevertheless, the detailed functions and underlying mechanisms of circPRKAR1B in OS remains poorly understood. By functional experiments, we found that circPRKAR1B enhanced OS cell proliferation, migration, and promotes OS epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistic investigations suggested that circPRKAR1B promotes OS progression through sponging miR-361-3p to modulate the expression of FZD4. Subsequently, we identified that EIF4A3 promoted cirPRKAR1B formation through binding to the downstream target of circPRKAR1B on PRKAR1B mRNA. Further rescue study revealed that overexpression of the Wnt signalling could impair the onco-suppressor activities of the silencing of circPRKAR1B. Interestingly, further experiments indicated that circPRKAR1B is involved in the sensitivity of chemoresistance in OS. On the whole, our results demonstrated that circPRKAR1B exerted oncogenic roles in OS and suggested the circPRKAR1B/miR-361-3p/FZD4 axis plays an important role in OS progression and might be a potential therapeutic target.

Knockdown of LINC01123 inhibits cell viability, migration and invasion via miR-361-3p/TSPAN1 targeting in cervical cancer

Cervical cancer (CC) is a type of gynecological malignancy that poses a significant threat to females. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1123 (LINC01123) and its underlying molecular mechanism in the development of CC. mRNA expression levels of LINC01123 and microRNA (miR)-361-3p in CC tissue samples and cell lines were evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell viability, migration and invasion were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing and Transwell assays. Moreover, a xenograft tumor model was established for elucidating the influence of LINC01123 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the association between LINC01123 and miR-361-3p, and miR-361-3p and tetraspanin 1 (TSPAN1). Western blot analysis was used to determine TSPAN1 protein expression. LINC01123 expression was upregulated and miR-361-3p expression was reduced in CC tissue samples and cell lines. Knockdown of LINC01123 inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, LINC01123 targeted miR-361-3p and negatively regulated miR-361-3p expression. Overexpression of miR-361-3p inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion in HeLa and CaSki cells. Additionally, miR-361-3p targeted TSPAN1 and negatively regulated TSPAN1 expression. Inhibition of miR-361-3p and overexpression of TSPAN1 reversed the effect of LINC01123 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration and invasion in HeLa cells. Knockdown of LINC01123 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion via miR-361-3p/TSPAN1 regulation in CC, which may present an effective target for treatment of CC.

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 460: Review of its role in carcinogenesis

Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) establish a group of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have no overlap with protein-coding genes. These transcripts have been found to affect chromatin configurations, arrange high-order nuclear structures, function as scaffolds for proteins and RNAs and serve as molecular decoys. LINC00460 is a member of this group of lincRNAs that participate in the pathoetiology of cancers. This lincRNA has been found to serve as a sponge for a number of tumor suppressor miRNAs, including miR-539, miR-1224-5p, miR-612, miR-342-3p, miR-485-5p and miR-149-5p, and increase expression of oncogenic targets of these miRNAs. Moreover, through targeting miRNAs that regulate sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, it can affect response of cancer cells to these agents. In the current manuscript, we tended to describe the role of LINC00460 in this process through summarizing the results of in vitro, in vivo and human studies.

LINC00460 Is a Dual Biomarker That Acts as a Predictor for Increased Prognosis in Basal-Like Breast Cancer and Potentially Regulates Immunogenic and Differentiation-Related Genes

Breast cancer (BRCA) is a serious public health problem, as it is the most frequent malignant tumor in women worldwide. BRCA is a molecularly heterogeneous disease, particularly at gene expression (mRNAs) level. Recent evidence shows that coding RNAs represent only 34% of the total transcriptome in a human cell. The rest of the 66% of RNAs are non−coding, so we might be missing relevant biological, clinical or regulatory information. In this report, we identified two novel tumor types from TCGA with LINC00460 deregulation. We used survival analysis to demonstrate that LINC00460 expression is a marker for poor overall (OS), relapse-free (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in basal-like BRCA patients. LINC00460 expression is a potential marker for aggressive phenotypes in distinct tumors, including HPV-negative HNSC, stage IV KIRC, locally advanced lung cancer and basal-like BRCA. We show that the LINC00460 prognostic expression effect is tissue-specific, since its upregulation can predict poor OS in some tumors, but also predicts an improved clinical course in BRCA patients. We found that the LINC00460 expression is significantly enriched in the Basal-like 2 (BL2) TNBC subtype and potentially regulates the WNT differentiation pathway. LINC00460 can also modulate a plethora of immunogenic related genes in BRCA, such as SFRP5, FOSL1, IFNK, CSF2, DUSP7 and IL1A and interacts with miR-103-a-1, in-silico, which, in turn, can no longer target WNT7A. Finally, LINC00460:WNT7A ratio constitutes a composite marker for decreased OS and DMFS in Basal-like BRCA, and can predict anthracycline therapy response in ER-BRCA patients. This evidence confirms that LINC00460 is a master regulator in BRCA molecular circuits and influences clinical outcome.