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Kronstein-Wiedemann R, Thiel J, Sürün D, Teichert M, Künzel SR, Zimmermann S, Wagenführ L, Buchholz F, Tonn T. Characterization of immortalized bone marrow erythroid progenitor adult (imBMEP-A)-The first inducible immortalized red blood cell progenitor cell line derived from bone marrow CD71-positive cells. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00767-9. [PMID: 39001769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Ex vivo production of red blood cells (RBCs) represents a promising alternative for transfusion medicine. Several strategies have been described to generate erythroid cell lines from different sources, including embryonic, induced pluripotent, and hematopoietic stem cells. All these approaches have in common that they require elaborate differentiation cultures whereas the yield of enucleated RBCs is inefficient. METHODS We generated a human immortalized adult erythroid progenitor cell line derived from bone marrow CD71-positive erythroid progenitor cells (immortalized bone marrow erythroid progenitor adult, or imBMEP-A) by an inducible expression system, to shorten differentiation culture necessary for terminal erythroid differentiation. It is the first erythroid cell line that is generated from direct reticulocyte progenitors and demonstrates robust hemoglobin production in the immortalized state. RESULTS Morphologic analysis of the immortalized cells showed that the preferred cell type of the imBMEP-A line corresponds to hemoglobin-producing basophilic erythroblasts. In addition, we were able to generate a stable cell line from a single cell clone with the triple knockout of RhAG, RhDCE and KELL. After removal of doxycycline, part of the cells differentiated into normoblasts and reticulocytes within 5-7 days. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the imBMEP-A cell line can serve as a stable and straightforward modifiable platform for RBC engineering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Kronstein-Wiedemann
- Laboratory for Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jessica Thiel
- Laboratory for Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Duran Sürün
- UCC, Medical Systems Biology - Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Madeleine Teichert
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan R Künzel
- Laboratory for Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Wagenführ
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- UCC, Medical Systems Biology - Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Tonn
- Laboratory for Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Dresden, Germany.
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Voloshin N, Tyurin-Kuzmin P, Karagyaur M, Akopyan Z, Kulebyakin K. Practical Use of Immortalized Cells in Medicine: Current Advances and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12716. [PMID: 37628897 PMCID: PMC10454025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern science, immortalized cells are not only a convenient tool in fundamental research, but they are also increasingly used in practical medicine. This happens due to their advantages compared to the primary cells, such as the possibility to produce larger amounts of cells and to use them for longer periods of time, the convenience of genetic modification, the absence of donor-to-donor variability when comparing the results of different experiments, etc. On the other hand, immortalization comes with drawbacks: possibilities of malignant transformation and/or major phenotype change due to genetic modification itself or upon long-term cultivation appear. At first glance, such issues are huge hurdles in the way of immortalized cells translation into medicine. However, there are certain ways to overcome such barriers that we describe in this review. We determined four major areas of usage of immortalized cells for practical medicinal purposes, and each has its own means to negate the drawbacks associated with immortalization. Moreover, here we describe specific fields of application of immortalized cells in which these problems are of much lesser concern, for example, in some cases where the possibility of malignant growth is not there at all. In general, we can conclude that immortalized cells have their niches in certain areas of practical medicine where they can successfully compete with other therapeutic approaches, and more preclinical and clinical trials with them should be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Voloshin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.); (P.T.-K.); (M.K.)
| | - Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.); (P.T.-K.); (M.K.)
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.); (P.T.-K.); (M.K.)
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Konstantin Kulebyakin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.); (P.T.-K.); (M.K.)
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
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Cervellera CF, Mazziotta C, Di Mauro G, Iaquinta MR, Mazzoni E, Torreggiani E, Tognon M, Martini F, Rotondo JC. Immortalized erythroid cells as a novel frontier for in vitro blood production: current approaches and potential clinical application. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:139. [PMID: 37226267 PMCID: PMC10210309 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood transfusions represent common medical procedures, which provide essential supportive therapy. However, these procedures are notoriously expensive for healthcare services and not without risk. The potential threat of transfusion-related complications, such as the development of pathogenic infections and the occurring of alloimmunization events, alongside the donor's dependence, strongly limits the availability of transfusion units and represents significant concerns in transfusion medicine. Moreover, a further increase in the demand for donated blood and blood transfusion, combined with a reduction in blood donors, is expected as a consequence of the decrease in birth rates and increase in life expectancy in industrialized countries. MAIN BODY An emerging and alternative strategy preferred over blood transfusion is the in vitro production of blood cells from immortalized erythroid cells. The high survival capacity alongside the stable and longest proliferation time of immortalized erythroid cells could allow the generation of a large number of cells over time, which are able to differentiate into blood cells. However, a large-scale, cost-effective production of blood cells is not yet a routine clinical procedure, as being dependent on the optimization of culture conditions of immortalized erythroid cells. CONCLUSION In our review, we provide an overview of the most recent erythroid cell immortalization approaches, while also describing and discussing related advancements of establishing immortalized erythroid cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Felice Cervellera
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Mauro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences-DOCPAS, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Torreggiani
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences-DOCPAS, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Department of Medical Sciences, Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Department of Medical Sciences, Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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Kim S, Jo KW, Park JM, Shin A, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Kweon S, Baek EJ. Irradiation is not sufficient to eradicate residual immortalized erythroid cells in in vitro-generated red blood cell products. Transfusion 2023. [PMID: 37154531 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The generation of immortalized erythroid progenitor cell lines capable of producing enough red blood cells (RBCs) for blood transfusion typically requires the overexpression of oncogenes in stem cells or progenitor cells to permanently proliferate immature cells. It is essential that any live oncogene-expressing cells are eliminated from the final RBC products for clinical use. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS It is believed that safety issues may be resolved by using a leukoreduction filter or by irradiating the final products, as is conventionally done in blood banks; however, this has never been proven to be effective. Therefore, to investigate whether immortalized erythroblasts can be completely removed using γ-ray irradiation, we irradiated the erythroblast cell line, HiDEP, and the erythroleukemic cell line, K562 that overexpress HPV16 E6/E7. We then analyzed the extent of cell death using flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cells were also subjected to leukoreduction filters. RESULTS Using γ-ray irradiation at 25 Gy, 90.4% of HiDEP cells, 91.6% of K562-HPV16 E6/E7 cells, and 93.5% of non-transduced K562 cells were dead. In addition, 5.58 × 107 HiDEP cells were passed through a leukoreduction filter, and 38 intact cells were harvested, revealing a filter removal efficiency of 99.9999%. However, both intact cells and oncogene DNA were still detected. DISCUSSION Irradiation cannot induce total cell death of oncogene-expressing erythroblasts and leukocyte filter efficiency is not 100%. Therefore, our findings imply that for clinical applications, safer methods should be developed to completely remove residual nucleated cells from cell line-derived RBC products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Kim
- Department of Research and Development, ArtBlood Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Won Jo
- Department of Research and Development, ArtBlood Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Mi Park
- Department of Research and Development, ArtBlood Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Arim Shin
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Soonho Kweon
- Department of Research and Development, ArtBlood Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Baek
- Department of Research and Development, ArtBlood Inc., Seoul, Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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The path from stem cells to red blood cells. Int J Hematol 2022; 116:160-162. [PMID: 35841459 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03413-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
As oxygen is essential for energy production in mitochondria, a sufficient amount of oxygen should be continuously delivered to the tissues to maintain life. Therefore, the number of red blood cells which carry the oxygen is considerable, at up to 25 trillion in the body, and 2 million new red blood cells are generated per second.
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Soboleva S, Miharada K. Induction of enucleation in primary and immortalized erythroid cells. Int J Hematol 2022; 116:192-198. [PMID: 35610497 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Enucleation is a crucial event during the erythropoiesis, implicating drastic morphologic and transcriptomic/proteomic changes. While many genes deletion lead to failed or impaired enucleation have been identified, directly triggering the erythroid maturation, particularly enucleation, is still challenging. Inducing enucleation at the desired timing is necessary to develop efficient methods to generate mature, fully functional red blood cells in vitro for future transfusion therapies. However, there are considerable differences between primary erythroid cells and cultured cell sources, particularly pluripotent stem cell-derived erythroid cells and immortalized erythroid cell lines. For instance, the difference in the proliferative status between those cell types could be a critical factor, as cell cycle exit is closely connected to the terminal maturation of primary. In this review, we will discuss previous findings on the enucleation machinery and current challengings to trigger the enucleation of infinite erythroid cell sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Soboleva
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenichi Miharada
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Soboleva S, Åkerstrand H, Miharada K. Transcriptomic analysis of functional diversity of human umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in erythroid differentiation. Int J Hematol 2022; 115:481-488. [PMID: 35088351 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) give rise to all types of blood lineages, including red blood cells (RBC). Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) are known to be functionally diverse in terms of their self-renewal potential and lineage output. Consequently, investigation of molecular heterogeneity in the differentiation potential of HSPC is vital to identify novel regulators that affect generation of specific cell types, especially RBC. Here, we compared the erythroid potential of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from 50 different umbilical cord blood (UCB) donors and discovered that those donors gave rise to diverse frequencies of Glycophorin-A+ erythroid cells after in vitro differentiation, despite having similar frequencies of phenotypic HSC initially. RNA sequencing revealed that genes involved in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling were significantly up-regulated in the high-erythroid output donors. When we chemically modified two main signaling elements in this pathway, adenylyl cyclase (AC) and phosphodiesterase (PDE), we observed that inhibition of PDE led to 10 times higher yield of Glycophorin-A+ cells than activation of AC. Our findings suggest that GPCR signaling, and particularly the cAMP-related pathway, contributes to the diversity of erythroid potential among UCB donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Soboleva
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hugo Åkerstrand
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenichi Miharada
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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