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de Oliveira Marinho A, Alves da Costa J, Silva Dos Santos AN, Cavalcanti de Barros M, Pimentel CDN, Arnaldo da Silva A, Guedes Paiva PM, Napoleão TH, Leite de Siqueira Patriota L. Assessment of acute toxicity, genotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of SteLL, a lectin from Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi. Leaves, in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118496. [PMID: 38936643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Anacardiaceae), known as Brazilian pepper tree, stands out as a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine. The leaves are popularly used as anti-inflammatory agent and to relieve inflammatory conditions such as bronchitis, ulcers, and wounds, for example. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study evaluated the acute toxicity, genotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of S. terebinthifolia leaf lectin (SteLL) in mice (Mus musculus). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the acute toxicity assay, the animals were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) or orally (per os) with a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Genotoxicity was assessed by the comet and micronucleus assays. Carrageenan-induced peritonitis and paw edema models were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of SteLL (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.). RESULTS No animal died and no signs of intoxication or histopathological damage were observed in the acute toxicity assay. Genotoxic effect was not detected. In peritonitis assay, SteLL reduced in 56-69% leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity; neutrophil count decreased by 25-32%, while mononuclear cell count increased by 67-74%. SteLL promoted a notable reduction of paw edema after 4 h (61.1-63.4%). Morphometric analysis showed that SteLL also decreased the thickness of epidermal edema (30.2-40.7%). Furthermore, SteLL decreased MPO activity, plasma leakage, NO release, and modulated cytokines in both peritoneal fluid and paw homogenate. CONCLUSION SteLL did not induce acute toxicity or genotoxicity in mice and stands out as a promising candidate in the development of new phytopharmaceuticals with anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Oliveira Marinho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Jainaldo Alves da Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Matheus Cavalcanti de Barros
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Anderson Arnaldo da Silva
- Departamento de Anatomia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Gurav MJ, Manasa J, Sanji AS, Megalamani PH, Chachadi VB. Lectin-glycan interactions: a comprehensive cataloguing of cancer-associated glycans for biorecognition and bio-alteration: a review. Glycoconj J 2024:10.1007/s10719-024-10161-y. [PMID: 39218819 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-024-10161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review meticulously compiles data on an array of lectins and their interactions with different cancer types through specific glycans. Crucially, it establishes the link between aberrant glycosylation and cancer types. This repository of lectin-defined glycan signatures, assumes paramount importance in the realm of cancer and its dynamic nature. Cancer, known for its remarkable heterogeneity and individualized behaviour, can be better understood through these glycan signatures. The current review discusses the important lectins and their carbohydrate specificities, especially recognizing glycans of cancer origin. The review also addresses the key aspects of differentially expressed glycans on normal and cancerous cell surfaces. Specific cancer types highlighted in this review include breast cancer, colon cancer, glioblastoma, cervical cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, and leukaemia. The glycan profiles unveiled through this review hold the key to tailor-made treatment and precise diagnostics. It opens up avenues to explore the potential of targeting glycosyltransferases and glycosidases linked with cancer advancement and metastasis. Armed with knowledge about specific glycan expressions, researchers can design targeted therapies to modulate glycan profiles, potentially hampering the advance of this relentless disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruti J Gurav
- Post Graduate Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - J Manasa
- Post Graduate Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini S Sanji
- Post Graduate Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasanna H Megalamani
- Post Graduate Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishwanath B Chachadi
- Post Graduate Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
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Devi OS, Singh SS, Kamei R, Sharma HJ, Devi MA, Brahmacharimayum N. Glycosylated SARs Cov 2 interaction with plant lectins. Glycoconj J 2024; 41:185-199. [PMID: 38748325 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-024-10154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Lectins are non-immune carbohydrate-binding proteins/glycoproteins that are found everywhere in nature, from bacteria to human cells. They have also been a valuable biological tool for the purification and subsequent characterisation of glycoproteins due to their carbohydrate binding recognition capacity. Antinociceptive, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory activities and immune modulatory properties have been discovered in several plant lectins, with these qualities varying depending on the lectin carbohydrate-binding site. The Coronavirus of 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease that has swept the globe, killing millions and infecting millions more. Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccinations and the vaccination of a huge portion of the world's population, viral infection rates continue to rise, causing major concern. Part of the reason for the vaccine's ineffectiveness has been attributed to repeated mutations in the virus's epitope determinant elements. The surface of the Coronavirus envelope is heavily glycosylated, with approximately sixty N-linked oligomannose, composite, and hybrid glycans covering the core of Man3GlcNAc2Asn. Some O-linked glycans have also been discovered. Many of these glyco-chains have also been subjected to multiple mutations, with only a few remaining conserved. As a result, numerous plant lectins with specificity for these viral envelope sugars have been discovered to interact preferentially with them and are being investigated as a potential future tool to combat coronaviruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by preventing viral attachment to the host. The review will discuss the possible applications of plant lectins as anti-coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2, antinociceptive, anti-inflammation and its immune modulating effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rana Kamei
- Department of Biochemistry, Manipur University, Imphal, India
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Konozy E, Osman M, Dirar A. Plant lectins as potent Anti-coronaviruses, Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antiulcer agents. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103301. [PMID: 35475119 PMCID: PMC9026953 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are defined as carbohydrate-binding proteins/glycoproteins of none immune origin, they are ubiquitous in nature, exist from bacteria to human cells. And due to their carbohydrate-binding recognition capacity, they have been a useful biological tool for the purification of glycoproteins and their subsequent characterization. Some plant lectins have also been revealed to own antinociceptive, antiulcer, and anti-inflammatory properties, where these features, in many instances, depending on the lectin carbohydrate-binding site. Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease that struck the entire world leaving millions of people dead and more infected. Although COVID-19 vaccines have been made available, and quite a large number of world populations have already been immunized, the viral infection rates remained in acceleration, which continues to provoke major concern about the vaccines' efficacy. The belief in the ineffectiveness of the vaccine has been attributed in part to the recurrent mutations that occur in the epitope determinant fragments of the virus. Coronavirus envelope surface is extensively glycosylated being covered by more than sixty N-linked oligomannose, composite, and hybrid glycans with a core of Man3GlcNAc2Asn. In addition some O-linked glycans are also detected. Of these glyco-chains, many have also been exposed to several mutations, and a few remained conserved. Therefore, numerous plant lectins with a specificity directed towards these viral envelope sugars have been found to interact preferentially with them and are suggested to be scrutinized as a possible future tool to combat coronaviruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through blocking the viral attachment to the host cells. In this review, we will discuss the possible applications of plant lectins as anti-coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antiulcer agents with the proposed mechanism of their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emadeldin Konozy
- Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Makarim Osman
- Department of Zoology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amina Dirar
- Medicinal, Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTRI), National Center for Research, Mek Nimr Street, Khartoum, Sudan
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de Brito Marques Ramos D, de Moura Fontes Araújo MT, de Lima Araújo TC, Dos Santos Neto OG, E Silva MG, Silva YA, Lira Torres DJ, de Siqueira Patriota LL, de Melo CML, de Lorena VMB, Guedes Paiva PM, Mendes RL, Napoleão TH. Evaluation of antitumor activity and toxicity of Schinus terebinthifolia leaf extract and lectin (SteLL) in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 233:148-157. [PMID: 30658183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi is a plant broadly used in folk medicine and the use of its leaf extract as an antitumor agent has been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the antitumor potential and the toxicity of saline extract (SE) and lectin (SteLL) from S. terebinthifolia leaves in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity to sarcoma 180 cells was tested in vitro, and antitumor assay was performed using Swiss female mice. The treatments (0.15 M NaCl, negative control; methotrexate 1.5 mg/kg, positive control; SE 100 mg/kg; SteLL 1 and 5 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injections started on the 8th day after tumor inoculation and lasted 7 days. It was analyzed: tumor weight; number and gauge of tumor vessels; hematological and biochemical parameters; histopathological changes; and occurrence of micronuclei in bone marrow cells. RESULTS SE and SteLL showed IC50 values (concentrations that reduced cell viability to 50%) of 301.65 and 8.30 μg/mL, respectively. The lectin was able to induce apoptosis. Treatments with the extract and lectin caused a 57.6-73.6% reduction in tumor weight, which was not significantly different from the reduction in the methotrexate group. Tumors of animals treated with SteLL at 5 mg/kg showed reduced number of secondary vessels while the gauge was lower in all treated groups. In the groups treated with SteLL, tumors showed reduced and slightly vascularized parenchyma, with necrosis in the center and at the periphery. No alterations in the blood levels of urea, creatine, and glucose were detected while serum AST level was moderately increased in the SE group. Histopathological analysis revealed vacuolization and steatosis in the liver of animals treated with the extract and lectin. In addition, the treatments with SE and SteLL resulted in the reduction of filtration space and alterations in tubular architecture in kidneys. In respect to hematological parameters, it was only detected increase in the number of monocytes in SE group. The extract and lectin did not induce the formation of micronuclei in the bone marrow cells. CONCLUSIONS SE and SteLL had antitumor effect against sarcoma 180 without inducing hematological changes and genotoxic effects in mice; however, some degree of hepatic and renal toxicity was observed, suggesting the evaluation of drug delivery strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila de Brito Marques Ramos
- Campus Amilcar Ferreira Sobral, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Floriano, Piauí, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Osmar Galvão Dos Santos Neto
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gama E Silva
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Yasmym Araújo Silva
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Diego José Lira Torres
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rosemairy Luciane Mendes
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Costa RB, Campana PT, Chambergo FS, Napoleão TH, Paiva PMG, Pereira HJV, Oliva MLV, Gomes FS. Purification and characterization of a lectin with refolding ability from Genipa americana bark. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:517-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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The Plant Proteinase Inhibitor CrataBL Plays a Role in Controlling Asthma Response in Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9274817. [PMID: 30364003 PMCID: PMC6188594 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9274817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background. CrataBL is a protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark. It has been shown to exhibit several biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, and insecticidal activities. There are no studies evaluating the role of CrataBL in experimental asthma models. Aim. To evaluate the effects of CrataBL on lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress activation of mice with allergic pulmonary inflammation. Materials and Methods. BALB/c mice (6-7 weeks old, 25-30g) were divided into four groups: nonsensitized and nontreated mice (C group, n=8); ovalbumin- (OVA-) sensitized and nontreated mice (OVA group, n=8); nonsensitized and CrataBL-treated mice (C+CR group, n=8); OVA-sensitized and CrataBL-treated mice (OVA+CR group, n=8). We evaluated hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), pulmonary inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress markers. Results. CrataBL treatment in OVA-sensitized mice (OVA+CR group) attenuated the following variables compared to OVA-sensitized mice without treatment (OVA group) (all p<0.05): (1) respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and elastance (Ers) after methacholine challenge; (2) total cells, macrophages, polymorphonuclear cells, and lymphocytes in BALF; (3) eosinophils and volume fraction of collagen and elastic fibers in the airway and alveolar wall according to histopathological and morphometry analysis; (4) IL-4-, IL-5-, IL-13-, IL-17-, IFN-γ-, MMP-9-, TIMP-1-, TGF-β-, iNOS-, and NF-kB-positive cells and volume of 8-iso-PGF2α in airway and alveolar septa according to immunohistochemistry; and (5) IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ according to an ELISA. Conclusion. CrataBL contributes to the control of hyperresponsiveness, pulmonary inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress responses in an animal model of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation.
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Coelho LCBB, Silva PMDS, Lima VLDM, Pontual EV, Paiva PMG, Napoleão TH, Correia MTDS. Lectins, Interconnecting Proteins with Biotechnological/Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:1594074. [PMID: 28367220 PMCID: PMC5359455 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1594074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins extensively used in biomedical applications with property to recognize carbohydrates through carbohydrate-binding sites, which identify glycans attached to cell surfaces, glycoconjugates, or free sugars, detecting abnormal cells and biomarkers related to diseases. These lectin abilities promoted interesting results in experimental treatments of immunological diseases, wounds, and cancer. Lectins obtained from virus, microorganisms, algae, animals, and plants were reported as modulators and tool markers in vivo and in vitro; these molecules also play a role in the induction of mitosis and immune responses, contributing for resolution of infections and inflammations. Lectins revealed healing effect through induction of reepithelialization and cicatrization of wounds. Some lectins have been efficient agents against virus, fungi, bacteria, and helminths at low concentrations. Lectin-mediated bioadhesion has been an interesting characteristic for development of drug delivery systems. Lectin histochemistry and lectin-based biosensors are useful to detect transformed tissues and biomarkers related to disease occurrence; antitumor lectins reported are promising for cancer therapy. Here, we address lectins from distinct sources with some biological effect and biotechnological potential in the diagnosis and therapeutic of diseases, highlighting many advances in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priscila Marcelino dos Santos Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50.670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50.670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Viana Pontual
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50.670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50.670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50.670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
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Nunes NNS, Ferreira RS, Silva-Lucca RA, de Sá LFR, de Oliveira AEA, Correia MTDS, Paiva PMG, Wlodawer A, Oliva MLV. Potential of the Lectin/Inhibitor Isolated from Crataeva tapia Bark (CrataBL) for Controlling Callosobruchus maculatus Larva Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:10431-6. [PMID: 26568149 PMCID: PMC6290478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Callosobruchus maculatus is an important predator of cowpeas. Due to infestation during storage, this insect affects the quality of seed and crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CrataBL, a multifunction protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark, on C. maculatus larva development. The protein, which is stable even in extreme pH conditions, showed toxic activity, reducing the larval mass 45 and 70% at concentrations of 0.25 and 1.0% (w/w), respectively. Acting as an inhibitor, CrataBL decreased by 39% the activity of cysteine proteinases from larval gut. Conversely, the activity of serine proteinases was increased about 8-fold. The toxic properties of CrataBL may also be attributed to its capacity of binding to glycoproteins or glycosaminoglycans. Such binding interferes with larval metabolism, because CrataBL-FITC was found in the fat body, Malpighian tubules, and feces of larvae. These results demonstrate the potential of this protein for controlling larva development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N. S. Nunes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP-EPM, 04044-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP-EPM, 04044-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire A. Silva-Lucca
- Centro de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F. R. de Sá
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia-CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônia Elenir A. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia-CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Maria Luiza V. Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP-EPM, 04044-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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Lectin from Crataeva tapia Bark Improves Tissue Damages and Plasma Hyperglycemia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:869305. [PMID: 24324521 PMCID: PMC3845403 DOI: 10.1155/2013/869305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crataeva tapia is a plant popularly used for diabetes treatment, in Brazil. Progressive decline in renal and hepatic functions has been described in patients with diabetes mellitus, and mortality rate is increased in patients with chronic liver and renal disease. This study aimed to evaluate whether Crataeva tapia bark lectin (CrataBL) improves hyperglycemia and renal and hepatic damage in diabetic mice. CrataBL was purified by ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, and intraperitoneal administration of CrataBL to alloxan-induced diabetic mice at dose of 10 mg/Kg/day and 20 mg/Kg/day for 10 days significantly reduced serum glucose levels by 14.9% and 55.9%, respectively. Serum urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were also significantly reduced after treatment with both doses of CrataBL. Furthermore, histological analysis of liver, kidney, and pancreas revealed an improvement in the tissue morphology upon treatment with CrataBL. The results suggest that CrataBL has a beneficial hypoglycemic activity and improves the renal and hepatic complications of diabetes. Therefore, this lectin may be a promising agent for the treatment of diabetes, and this might be the basis for its use in the folk medicine as an alternative treatment to manage diabetes-related complications such as hyperglycemia and tissue damage.
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Ferreira RDS, Zhou D, Ferreira JG, Silva MCC, Silva-Lucca RA, Mentele R, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Bertolin TC, dos Santos Correia MT, Paiva PMG, Gustchina A, Wlodawer A, Oliva MLV. Crystal Structure of Crataeva tapia Bark Protein (CrataBL) and Its Effect in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64426. [PMID: 23823708 PMCID: PMC3688800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A protein isolated from the bark of Crataeva tapia (CrataBL) is both a Kunitz-type plant protease inhibitor and a lectin. We have determined the amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure of CrataBL, as well as characterized its selected biochemical and biological properties. We found two different isoforms of CrataBL isolated from the original source, differing in positions 31 (Pro/Leu); 92 (Ser/Leu); 93 (Ile/Thr); 95 (Arg/Gly) and 97 (Leu/Ser). CrataBL showed relatively weak inhibitory activity against trypsin (Kiapp = 43 µM) and was more potent against Factor Xa (Kiapp = 8.6 µM), but was not active against a number of other proteases. We have confirmed that CrataBL contains two glycosylation sites and forms a dimer at high concentration. The high-resolution crystal structures of two different crystal forms of isoform II verified the β-trefoil fold of CrataBL and have shown the presence of dimers consisting of two almost identical molecules making extensive contacts (∼645 Å2). The structure differs from those of the most closely related proteins by the lack of the N-terminal β-hairpin. In experiments aimed at investigating the biological properties of CrataBL, we have shown that addition of 40 µM of the protein for 48 h caused maximum growth inhibition in MTT assay (47% of DU145 cells and 43% of PC3 cells). The apoptosis of DU145 and PC3 cell lines was confirmed by flow cytometry using Annexin V/FITC and propidium iodide staining. Treatment with CrataBL resulted in the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and in the activation of caspase-3 in DU145 and PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongwen Zhou
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Reinhard Mentele
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology LMU, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
- Department for Protein Analytics, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thiago Carlos Bertolin
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alla Gustchina
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AW); (MLVO)
| | - Maria Luiza Vilela Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: (AW); (MLVO)
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Zhang F, Walcott B, Zhou D, Gustchina A, Lasanajak Y, Smith DF, Ferreira RS, Correia MTS, Paiva PM, Bovin NV, Wlodawer A, Oliva ML, Linhardt RJ. Structural studies of the interaction of Crataeva tapia bark protein with heparin and other glycosaminoglycans. Biochemistry 2013; 52:2148-56. [PMID: 23448527 PMCID: PMC3855636 DOI: 10.1021/bi400077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CrataBL, a protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark, which is both a serine protease inhibitor and a lectin, has been previously shown to exhibit a number of interesting biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, and insecticidal activities. Using a glycan array, we have now shown that only sulfated carbohydrates are effectively bound by CrataBL. Because this protein was recently shown to delay clot formation by impairing the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, we considered that its natural ligand might be heparin. Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that interacts with a number of proteins, including thrombin and antithrombin III, which have a critical, essential pharmacological role in regulating blood coagulation. We have thus employed surface plasmon resonance to improve our understanding of the binding interaction between the heparin polysaccharide and CrataBL. Kinetic analysis shows that CrataBL displays strong heparin binding affinity (KD = 49 nM). Competition studies using different size heparin-derived oligosaccharides showed that the binding of CrataBL to heparin is chain length-dependent. Full chain heparin with 40 saccharides or large oligosaccharides, having 16-18 saccharide residues, show strong binding affinity for CrataBL. Heparin-derived disaccharides through tetradecasaccharides show considerably lower binding affinity. Other highly sulfated GAGs, including chondroitin sulfate E and dermatan 4,6-disulfate, showed CrataBL binding affinity comparable to that of heparin. Less highly sulfated GAGs, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate A and C, and dermatan sulfate displayed modest binding affinity as did chondroitin sulfate D. Studies using chemically modified heparin show that N-sulfo and 6-O-sulfo groups on heparin are essential for CrataBL-heparin interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Benjamin Walcott
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Dongwen Zhou
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alla Gustchina
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Glycomics Center, Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - David F. Smith
- Glycomics Center, Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Rodrigo S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza S. Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M.G. Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Nicolai V. Bovin
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Maria L.V. Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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