1
|
Tsiros MD, Vincent HK, Getchell N, Shultz SP. Helping Children with Obesity "Move Well" To Move More: An Applied Clinical Review. Curr Sports Med Rep 2021; 20:374-383. [PMID: 34234093 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Children with obesity experience musculoskeletal pain and reduced physical function and well-being, which collectively impact their fitness, strength, motor skills, and even their ability to undertake simple tasks, like walking and climbing stairs. Disrupting obesity-related disability may be critical to increasing children's physical activity. Thus, barriers to movement should be considered by health practitioners to improve the efficacy of prescribed physical activity. This applied clinical review highlights key subjective and objective findings from a hypothetical case scenario, linking those findings to the research evidence, before exploring strategies to enhance movement and increase physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita D Tsiros
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, SA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Heather K Vincent
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Nancy Getchell
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Comparison of gluteus medius strength between individuals with obesity and normal-weight individuals: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:584. [PMID: 34172038 PMCID: PMC8235575 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hip abductor muscles, primarily the gluteus medius, play an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during gait. Gluteus medius weakness is associated with biomechanical changes and musculoskeletal disorders. Individuals with obesity can have great difficulty maintaining abductor muscular function due to being overweight and possibly experiencing a decrease in muscle mass. However, it is still unclear whether the musculature of person with obesity can compensate for these changes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare gluteus medius strength between individuals with obesity and normal-weight individuals using a digital hand-held dynamometer. Methods Twenty-five participants with obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) were matched for sex, age, and height with normal-weight individuals. Gluteus medius strength was measured by a single examiner using a belt-stabilized hand-held digital dynamometer placed on the knee of the individuals positioned in lateral decubitus. Three measurements were recorded with rest intervals, and only the highest value measured for each limb was used for analysis. The differences between pairs were calculated, and the normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05). The matrices of the variables were standardized and analysed using principal component analysis (PCA). Results For the strength variables (Newtons) on both sides, no significant differences were detected between the groups (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were detected in these variables between the groups (p < 0.05) when the measurements were normalized to body weight (Newtons/kilograms). PCA indicated that both the absolute and normalized values of strength are lower in participants with obesity than in normal-weight. Conclusions These findings suggest that people with obesity could have the same or less strength (PCA) to move more mass, which may imply a relative weakness that induces functional limitations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-021-04470-8.
Collapse
|
3
|
Obese Youth Demonstrate Altered Landing Knee Mechanics Unrelated to Lower-Extremity Peak Torque When Compared With Healthy Weight Youth. J Appl Biomech 2021; 37:109-117. [PMID: 33450728 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2020-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Obese (OB) youth demonstrate altered knee mechanics and worse lower-extremity performance compared with healthy weight (HW) youth. Our objectives were to compare sagittal plane knee landing mechanics between OB and HW youth and to examine the associations of knee and hip extension peak torque with landing mechanics in OB youth. Twenty-four OB and 24 age- and sex-matched HW youth participated. Peak torque was measured and normalized to leg lean mass. Peak knee flexion angle and peak internal knee extension moment were measured during a single-leg hop landing. Paired t tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Bonferroni corrections were used. OB youth demonstrated worse performance and lower knee extension (OB: 12.76 [1.38], HW: 14.03 [2.08], P = .03) and hip extension (OB: 8.59 [3.13], HW: 11.10 [2.89], P = .005) peak torque. Furthermore, OB youth demonstrated lower peak knee flexion angles (OB: 48.89 [45.41 to 52.37], HW: 56.07 [52.59 to 59.55], P = .02) and knee extension moments (OB: -1.73 [-1.89 to -1.57], HW: -2.21 [-2.37 to -2.05], P = .0001) during landing compared with HW youth. Peak torque measures were not correlated with peak knee flexion angle nor internal knee extension moment during landing in either group (P > .01). OB youth demonstrated altered landing mechanics compared with HW youth. However, no associations among peak torque measurements and knee landing mechanics were present.
Collapse
|
4
|
Cunha FAP, Santos RJ, Mesquita PR, David ACD. Acute effects of a walking activity on plantar pressure in children with obesity. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2021v23e78684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
abstract Children with obesity present greater foot loads during walking when compared to eutrophic ones. However, the acute effects of a moderate walking on the distribution of plantar pressure in children with obesity are still incipient in the literature. Our aim was to verify the acute effects of six-minute walk test on plantar pressure in obese and eutrophic children. A pressure platform was used to record plantar pressure during walking for 62 children (37 girls), aged 7-10 years old, before and after the six-minute walk test. Children were divided into an obese group - OB (n = 20), and an eutrophic group - EU (n = 42). Peak plantar pressure (PPP), maximum force (MF), and contact area (CA) were assessed in three trials during walking at a comfortable speed. The analyses were performed in five plantar regions: rearfoot, midfoot, forefoot, hallux, and toes. For the PPP was higher under the midfoot region of the OB group after walking. In the comparison between groups, PPP, MF, and CA were higher for the OB group for most regions. We concluded that, after a moderate walking activity, children with obesity experience an increase in plantar loads, especially under the midfoot, which can bring greater discomfort and risk of injuries.
Collapse
|
5
|
Orange ST, Madden LA, Vince RV. Resistance training leads to large improvements in strength and moderate improvements in physical function in adults who are overweight or obese: a systematic review. J Physiother 2020; 66:214-224. [PMID: 33069607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
QUESTIONS What are the effects of resistance training on muscle strength, physical function and muscle power in adults who are overweight or obese? Which factors moderate the effects? DESIGN Systematic review of randomised controlled trials, with random effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions. PARTICIPANTS Adults who are overweight or obese. INTERVENTION Resistance training lasting ≥ 4 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES Muscle strength, muscle power and physical function. RESULTS Thirty trials with 1,416 participants met the eligibility criteria. Pooled analyses indicated that resistance training has a large beneficial effect on muscle strength (SMD 1.39, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.73, I2 = 85%) and a moderate effect on physical function (SMD 0.67, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.08, I2 = 71%) in adults who are overweight or obese. However, the effect of resistance training on muscle power was unclear (SMD 0.42, 95% CI -3.3 to 4.2, I2 = 46%). The effect of resistance training on strength was greatest for the upper body (versus lower/whole body: β = 0.35, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.66) and in dynamic strength tests (versus isometric/isokinetic: β = 1.20, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.81), although trials judged to have good methodological quality reported statistically smaller effects (versus poor/fair quality: β = -1.21, 95% CI -2.35 to -0.07). Concomitant calorie restriction did not modify strength gains but reduced the effect of resistance training on physical function (β = -0.79, 95% CI -1.41 to -0.17). Small study effects were evident for strength outcomes (β = 5.9, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Resistance training has a large positive effect on muscle strength and a moderate effect on physical function in adults who are overweight or obese. However, the effect of resistance training on muscle power is uncertain. In addition, concomitant calorie restriction may compromise the functional adaptations to resistance training. REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019146394.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Orange
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom.
| | - Leigh A Madden
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca V Vince
- Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prevalence of Lower Extremities’ Postural Deformities in Overweight and Normal Weight School Children. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijp.89138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Orange ST, Marshall P, Madden LA, Vince RV. Effect of home‐based resistance training performed with or without a high‐speed component in adults with severe obesity. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Orange
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Hull Hull UK
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK
| | - Phil Marshall
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Leigh A. Madden
- Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Hull Hull UK
| | - Rebecca V. Vince
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Hull Hull UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The effect of an augmented commercial weight loss program on increasing physical activity and reducing psychological distress in women with overweight or obesity: a randomised controlled trial. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/jpmh-08-2018-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test the effects of augmenting an evidence-based physical activity intervention within an existing commercial weight loss program to assess effects on increasing physical activity and reducing psychological distress.
Design/methodology/approach
The CONSORT guidelines were adopted for the study. In total, 49 women with overweight or obesity (M age=39.5, SD:12.4; M Body Mass Index=31.02, SD: 2.10) enrolled in a six week commercial weight loss program were randomized to an intervention or a control group. Participants in the control group received care as usual; participants in the intervention group additionally received an evidence-based intervention to increase physical activity that included behavior change techniques including implementation intentions, goal-setting and self-monitoring.
Findings
Weekly steps increased in the intervention group (M=31,516.25; SD=9,310.17 to M=62,851.36; SD=13,840.4) significantly more (p<0.001,
η
p
2
=0.32) than in the control group (M=30,207.67; SD=7,833.29) to M=46,969.33 (SD=9,470.96), along with experiencing significantly lower anxiety (p<0.001,
η
p
2
=0.15), social dysfunction (p<0.001,
η
p
2
=0.16) and depression symptoms (p<0.05,
η
p
2
=0.08) at follow-up.
Research limitations/implications
This intervention warrants extension to those seeking to improve mental health through physical activity.
Originality/value
This study took a novel approach of augmenting a commercial weight loss program with a theory-based physical activity module, showing positive effects for physical activity behavior and psychological health.
Collapse
|
9
|
Orange ST, Marshall P, Madden LA, Vince RV. Can sit-to-stand muscle power explain the ability to perform functional tasks in adults with severe obesity? J Sports Sci 2018; 37:1227-1234. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1553500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Orange
- Sport, Health and Exercise Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Phil Marshall
- Sport, Health and Exercise Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Leigh A. Madden
- Centre of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Rebecca V. Vince
- Sport, Health and Exercise Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hainsworth KR, Liu XC, Simpson PM, Swartz AM, Linneman N, Tran ST, Medrano GR, Mascarenhas B, Zhang L, Weisman SJ. A Pilot Study of Iyengar Yoga for Pediatric Obesity: Effects on Gait and Emotional Functioning. CHILDREN-BASEL 2018; 5:children5070092. [PMID: 29973555 PMCID: PMC6068554 DOI: 10.3390/children5070092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Obesity negatively impacts the kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities in children and adolescents. Although yoga has the potential to provide several distinct benefits for children with obesity, this is the first study to examine the benefits of yoga for gait (primary outcome) in youths with obesity. Secondary outcomes included health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical activity, and pain. Feasibility and acceptability were also assessed. Nine youths (11⁻17 years) participated in an eight-week Iyengar yoga intervention (bi-weekly 1-h classes). Gait, HRQOL (self and parent-proxy reports), and physical activity were assessed at baseline and post-yoga. Pain was self-reported at the beginning of each class. Significant improvements were found in multiple gait parameters, including hip, knee, and ankle motion and moments. Self-reported and parent-proxy reports of emotional functioning significantly improved. Time spent in physical activity and weight did not change. This study demonstrates that a relatively brief, non-invasive Iyengar yoga intervention can result in improved malalignment of the lower extremities during ambulation, as well as in clinically meaningful improvements in emotional functioning. This study extends current evidence that supports a role for yoga in pediatric obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keri R Hainsworth
- Jane B. Pettit Pain and Headache Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Xue Cheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Pippa M Simpson
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
- Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Ann M Swartz
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
| | - Nina Linneman
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
| | - Susan T Tran
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - Gustavo R Medrano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | | | - Liyun Zhang
- Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Steven J Weisman
- Jane B. Pettit Pain and Headache Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Latey PJ, Burns J, Nightingale EJ, Clarke JL, Hiller CE. Reliability and correlates of cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis and the medial belly of the flexor hallucis brevis measured by ultrasound. J Foot Ankle Res 2018; 11:28. [PMID: 29977344 PMCID: PMC5992769 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-018-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Weakness of the intrinsic foot muscles is thought to produce deformity, disability and pain. Assessing intrinsic foot muscles in isolation is a challenge; however ultrasound might provide a solution. The aims of this study were to assess the reproducibility of assessing the size of abductor halluces (AbH) and the medial belly of flexor hallucis brevis (FHBM) muscles, and identify their relationship with toe strength, foot morphology and balance. Methods Twenty one participants aged 26–64 years were measured on two occasions for muscle cross-sectional area using a Siemens Acuson X300 Ultrasound System with 5-13 MHz linear array transducer. Great toe flexor strength was measured by pedobarography, the paper grip test and hand-held dynamometry. Foot morphology was assessed by foot length, truncated foot length, Foot Posture Index (FPI) and dorsal arch height. Balance was measured by the maximal step test. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC3,1) were used to evaluate intra-rater reliability. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were performed to assess associations between muscle size and strength, morphology and balance measures. To account for the influence of physical body size, partial correlations were also performed controlling for truncated foot length. Results Intra-rater reliability was excellent for AbH (ICC3,1 = 0.97) and FHBM (ICC3,1 = 0.96). Significant associations were found between cross-sectional area of AbH and great toe flexion force measured standing by pedobarography (r = .623, p = .003),), arch height measured sitting (r = .597, p = .004) and standing (r = .590, p = .005), foot length (r = .582, p = 006), truncated foot length (r = .580, p = .006), balance (r = .443, p = .044), weight (r = .662, p = .001), height (r = .559, p = .008), and BMI (r = .502, p = .020). Significant associations were found between cross-sectional area of FHBM and FPI (r = .544, p = .011), truncated foot length (r = .483, p = .027) and foot length (r = .451, p = .040). Significant partial associations were found between AbH and great toe flexion force in standing by pedobarography (r = .562, p = .012) and FHBM and the FPI (r = .631, p = .003). Conclusions Measuring the cross-sectional area of AbH and FHBM with ultrasound is reproducible. Measures of strength, morphology and balance appear to relate more to the size of AbH than FHBM. After controlling for physical body size, cross-sectional area of AbH remained a significant correlate of great toe flexor strength and might be a useful biomarker to measure early therapeutic response to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penelope J Latey
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Joshua Burns
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia.,2Paediatric Gait Analysis Service of New South Wales, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, NSW Australia
| | | | - Jillian L Clarke
- 2Paediatric Gait Analysis Service of New South Wales, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Claire E Hiller
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Briggs MS, Bout-Tabaku S, Buell J, White S, Rosenstein PF, Schmitt LC. A preliminary evaluation of the associations among functional performance tasks and quality of life in obese and healthy weight youth. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:20-28. [PMID: 29806947 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1479947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The associations among lower extremity functional performance and quality of life in obese youth are unknown. The aims of this study were to compare lower extremity strength, lower extremity functional performance, and health related quality of life between obese and healthy-weight youth and evaluate the relationships between lower extremity performance and health related quality of life in obese youth. Twenty obese and 20 age and sex matched healthy-weight youth were recruited. Peak torque of the major lower extremity muscles were measured. Functional performance was measured with single leg hop and single leg balance tests. The Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire's physical and psychosocial health subscales were used. Paired t-tests and multiple regression analyses were performed. Obese youth demonstrated decreased peak torque in all muscles measured (P < 0.05), poorer functional performance (P < 0.05), and worse physical health related quality of life (P < 0.05) compared to healthy-weight youth. Lower extremity functional performance was associated with aspects of quality of life in the obese group (P = 0.002), but not in the healthy-weight group (P < 0.05). These results may assist in encouraging best practices in the promotion of exercise, physical activity, and quality of life in obese youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Briggs
- a Health and Rehabilitation Sciences PhD Program, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.,b Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.,e Sports Medicine Research Institute , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute , Columbus , OH , USA.,f Department of Orthopaedics , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Sharon Bout-Tabaku
- g Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology , Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , OH , USA.,h Department of Pediatrics , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Jackie Buell
- c Division of Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Susan White
- d Division of Health Information Management and Systems, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences , College of Medicine Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Patricia F Rosenstein
- h Department of Pediatrics , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA.,i Department of Pediatrics , Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Laura C Schmitt
- b Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.,e Sports Medicine Research Institute , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute , Columbus , OH , USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lara S, Graup S, Balk RDS, Teixeira LP, Farias AD, Alves GB, Leiria VB. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN POSTURAL BALANCE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC INDEXES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLCHILDREN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 36:7. [PMID: 29160409 PMCID: PMC5849375 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;1;00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between postural balance and anthropometric indicators in elementary school students. METHODS This cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study included children enrolled in the first year of elementary school, of both sexes, in the age group of 6 to 7 years. Children with any physical or cognitive impairment, children who did not participate in all stages of the study evaluation, or those who failed to perform postural balance assessments were excluded. The children underwent a balance evaluation through a computerized dynamic posturograph, with sensory organization tests (TOSs) in six different sensory conditions. In order to verify the anthropometric indicators, the body weight and height measurements were evaluated for later calculation of the body mass index (BMI), which was categorized into four groups: low weight, normal, overweight and obesity. RESULTS Eighty children with a mean age of 6.2±0.8 years were included, being 47 girls (58.8%). The analysis of the anthropometric indicators identified that 26.3% of students were overweight and 15% were obese. The children had averages below the reference values considered for their age range in conditions III and VI. There was a negative association between condition V and BMI and a positive association between values below normal in condition VI with overweight and obesity. CONCLUSIONS There were associations between excess body weight and values below normal in some balance conditions, indicating that the anthropometric indicators interfered in the children's postural balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lara
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brasil
| | - Susane Graup
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effects of weight management program on postural stability and neuromuscular function among obese children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:143. [PMID: 25873530 PMCID: PMC4396837 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity is one of the most critical public health problems in the world. It is associated with low neuromuscular function and postural deformities. Whether weight loss can improve postural stability and neuromuscular control, benefit daily activities, or prevent injury is unknown. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the effect of a 6 month weight management program on postural stability and neuromuscular control among obese children. Methods/design We will conduct a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial with 120 prepubescent obese children. Participants will be randomly assigned to a weight management group or a control group. The weight management group will participate in a dietary and exercise program. The control group will receive health education. After the intervention, participants will be followed for 6 months with no active intervention. The primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at the baseline, and after 6 months and 12 months. Primary outcome measures will include body weight, body height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body fat percentage. Secondary outcome measures will include three-dimensional functional biomechanics in different tasks, proprioception tests of the knee and ankle, neuromuscular response of the leg muscles, and muscle strength tests of the knee and ankle. Furthermore, adverse events will be recorded and analyzed. An intention-to-treat analysis will be performed if any participants withdraw from the trial. Discussion The important features of this trial include the randomization procedures and large sample size. This study attempts to estimate the effect of weight loss intervention on outcomes, including daily life function, postural stability, and neuromuscular control in prepubescent obese children. Therefore, our results can be useful for obese children, medical staff, and healthcare decision makers. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IOB-15005874.
Collapse
|