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Chilito JM, Lara-Ramos JA, Angel J, Machuca-Martínez F, Marín L, Rodríguez LA, Correa Aguirre JP, Hidalgo Salazar MA, García-Navarro S, Roca-Blay L, Diosa JE, Mosquera-Vargas E. Thermal, viscoelastic, and electrical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane films reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32794. [PMID: 38975128 PMCID: PMC11225840 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% has been studied. The effect of MWCNTs on thermal, viscoelastic, and electric properties in the TPU matrix was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and by impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the thermal, electrical, and viscoelastic properties, such as the glass transition temperature, shifted towards high temperatures. The melting temperature decreased, and the conductivity and the storage modulus increased by 61.5 % and 58.3 %. The previously observed behavior on the films is due to the increase in the mass percentage of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the TPU matrix. Also, it can be said that the CNTs were homogeneously dispersed in the TPU matrix, preventing the movement of the polymer chains, and generating channels or connections that increase the conductivity and improve the thermal properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Munoz Chilito
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jose A. Lara-Ramos
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - JulianA. Angel
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Institución Universitaria António José Camacho, Avenida 6N No 28N-102, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fiderman Machuca-Martínez
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Avanzados para Tratamientos biológicos y Químicos (GAOX), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Lorena Marín
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
- Grupo de Películas Delgadas (GPD), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Luis A. Rodríguez
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Juan P. Correa Aguirre
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnología para la Manufactura (GITEM), Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 760035, Cali, Colombia
| | - Miguel A. Hidalgo Salazar
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnología para la Manufactura (GITEM), Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 760035, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Luis Roca-Blay
- AIMPLAS, Gustave Eiffel 4 (València Parc Tecnològic), 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Jesús E. Diosa
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Edgar Mosquera-Vargas
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
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da Silva MM, Proença MP, Covas JA, Paiva MC. Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Carbon Nanotube Composites. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:748. [PMID: 38930718 PMCID: PMC11205355 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
For the past two decades, researchers have been exploring the potential benefits of combining shape-memory polymers (SMP) with carbon nanotubes (CNT). By incorporating CNT as reinforcement in SMP, they have aimed to enhance the mechanical properties and improve shape fixity. However, the remarkable intrinsic properties of CNT have also opened up new paths for actuation mechanisms, including electro- and photo-thermal responses. This opens up possibilities for developing soft actuators that could lead to technological advancements in areas such as tissue engineering and soft robotics. SMP/CNT composites offer numerous advantages, including fast actuation, remote control, performance in challenging environments, complex shape deformations, and multifunctionality. This review provides an in-depth overview of the research conducted over the past few years on the production of SMP/CNT composites with both thermoset and thermoplastic matrices, with a focus on the unique contributions of CNT to the nanocomposite's response to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins da Silva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Mariana Paiva Proença
- ISOM and Departamento de Electrónica Física, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ava. Complutense 30, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José António Covas
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Maria C. Paiva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
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Polyurethane Elastomer Layered Nanocomposite Material for Sports Grounds and the Preparation Method Thereof. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5152911. [PMID: 36093408 PMCID: PMC9462988 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5152911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyurethane, as a rubber material, can relieve the load on the ground and provide seismic design for the venue, which is of great significance for sports venues. In order to improve the seismic resistance and abrasion resistance of materials for sports fields and reduce accidents in sports, this article has carried out research on the polyurethane elastomer layered nanocomposites for sports fields and their preparation. Today's world is a challenging era of science and technology. The fields of biotechnology, information, medicine, energy, environment, and national defense and security are closely related to the development of high tech, and the requirements for materials are becoming increasingly diversified. Polymer nanocomposite coating has the dual characteristics of organic and inorganic components. It not only retains the advantages of a polymer but also endows it with versatility. It meets the current application needs. It is a hot spot in today's research. Among them, there are two major problems in the composite process of nanomaterials and polymers: dispersion and compatibility. How to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles and enhance the compatibility between nanoparticles and polymers is an urgent problem to be solved. In the method part, this article introduces a small amount of polyurethane and polyurethane elastomers formed after polyurethane modification and introduces layered compounds and nanocomposites and introduces several models involved in nanomaterials in terms of algorithms. In the analysis part, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the hard segment mass fraction, mechanical properties, thermal decomposition behavior, degradation mechanism, and dynamic mechanical properties. With the increase of GO content, the tensile strength increases significantly and the elongation at break becomes smaller and smaller. When the GO content increases from 0% to 2%, the tensile properties of the WPU film increase from 2.6 MPa to 7.9 MPa and the fracture of the elongation decreased from 201.7% to 62.8%. This shows that the increase in GO content will make the composite material harder and brittle. It can be seen from the experimental results that the preparation of the polyurethane elastomer layered nanocomposite material designed in this paper has a good application effect on sports venues.
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