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Zou DF, Li XY, Lu XG, Wang HL, Song W, Zhang MW, Liu XR, Li BM, Liao JX, Zhong JM, Meng H, Li B. Association of FAT1 with focal epilepsy and correlation between seizure relapse and gene expression stage. Seizure 2024; 116:37-44. [PMID: 36941137 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The FAT1 gene encodes FAT atypical cadherin 1, which is essential for foetal development, including brain development. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between FAT1 variants and epilepsy. METHODS Trio-based whole-exome sequencing was performed on a cohort of 313 patients with epilepsy. Additional cases with FAT1 variants were collected from the China Epilepsy Gene V.1.0 Matching Platform. RESULTS Four pairs of compound heterozygous missense FAT1 variants were identified in four unrelated patients with partial (focal) epilepsy and/or febrile seizures, but without intellectual disability/developmental abnormalities. These variants presented no/very low frequencies in the gnomAD database, and the aggregate frequencies in this cohort were significantly higher than those in controls. Two additional compound heterozygous missense variants were identified in two unrelated cases using the gene-matching platform. All patients experienced infrequent (yearly/monthly) complex partial seizures or secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures. They responded well toantiseizure medication, but seizures relapsed in three cases when antiseizure medication were decreased or withdrawn after being seizure-free for three to six years, which correlated with the expression stage of FAT1. Genotype-phenotype analysis showed that epilepsy-associated FAT1 variants were missense, whereas non-epilepsy-associated variants were mainly truncated. The relationship between FAT1 and epilepsy was evaluated to be "Strong" by the Clinical Validity Framework of ClinGen. CONCLUSIONS FAT1 is a potential causative gene of partial epilepsy and febrile seizures. Gene expression stage was suggested to be one of the considerations in determining the duration ofantiseizure medication. Genotype-phenotype correlation helps to explain the mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Fang Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Epilepsy Center and Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Guo Lu
- Epilepsy Center and Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huai-Li Wang
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Song
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China
| | - Meng-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China
| | - Xiao-Rong Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China
| | - Bing-Mei Li
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liao
- Epilepsy Center and Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Heng Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou, China..
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China.
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Peluso F, Caraffi SG, Zuntini R, Trimarchi G, Ivanovski I, Valeri L, Barbieri V, Marinelli M, Pancaldi A, Melli N, Cesario C, Agolini E, Cellini E, Radio FC, Crisafi A, Napoli M, Guerrini R, Tartaglia M, Novelli A, Gargano G, Zuffardi O, Garavelli L. Whole Exome Sequencing Is the Minimal Technological Approach in Probands Born to Consanguineous Couples. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070962. [PMID: 34202629 PMCID: PMC8303193 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on two siblings suffering from different pathogenic conditions, born to consanguineous parents. A multigene panel for brain malformations and microcephaly identified the homozygous splicing variant NM_005886.3:c.1416+1del in the KATNB1 gene in the older sister. On the other hand, exome sequencing revealed the homozygous frameshift variant NM_005245.4:c.9729del in the FAT1 gene in the younger sister, who had a more complex phenotype: in addition to bilateral anophthalmia and heart defects, she showed a right split foot with 4 toes, 5 metacarpals, second toe duplication and preaxial polydactyly on the right hand. These features have been never reported before in patients with pathogenic FAT1 variants and support the role of this gene in the development of limb buds. Notably, each parent was heterozygous for both of these variants, which were ultra-rare and rare, respectively. This study raises awareness about the value of using whole exome/genome sequencing rather than targeted gene panels when testing affected offspring born to consanguineous couples. In this way, exomic data from the parents are also made available for carrier screening, to identify heterozygous pathogenetic and likely pathogenetic variants in genes responsible for other recessive conditions, which may pose a risk for subsequent pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Peluso
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Roberta Zuntini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Gabriele Trimarchi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Ivan Ivanovski
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik, Universität Zürich, 8952 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lara Valeri
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
- Post Graduate School of Paediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Veronica Barbieri
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Marinelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessia Pancaldi
- Post Graduate School of Paediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (N.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Nives Melli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (N.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Claudia Cesario
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (E.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (E.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Elena Cellini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (E.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Francesca Clementina Radio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Antonella Crisafi
- Pediatric Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Manuela Napoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (E.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (E.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Giancarlo Gargano
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (N.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Orsetta Zuffardi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.P.); (S.G.C.); (R.Z.); (G.T.); (I.I.); (L.V.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Fabretti F, Tschernoster N, Erger F, Hedergott A, Buescher AK, Dafinger C, Reusch B, Köntges VK, Kohl S, Bartram MP, Weber LT, Thiele H, Altmueller J, Schermer B, Beck BB, Habbig S. Expanding the Spectrum of FAT1 Nephropathies by Novel Mutations That Affect Hippo Signaling. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:1368-1378. [PMID: 34013115 PMCID: PMC8116753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disease-causing mutations in the protocadherin FAT1 have been recently described both in patients with a glomerulotubular nephropathy and in patients with a syndromic nephropathy. Methods We identified 4 patients with FAT1-associated disease, performed clinical and genetic characterization, and compared our findings to the previously published patients. Patient-derived primary urinary epithelial cells were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunoblotting to identify possible alterations in Hippo signaling. Results Here we expand the spectrum of FAT1-associated disease with the identification of novel FAT1 mutations in 4 patients from 3 families (homozygous truncating variants in 3, compound heterozygous missense variants in 1 patient). All patients show an ophthalmologic phenotype together with heterogeneous renal phenotypes ranging from normal renal function to early-onset end-stage kidney failure. Molecular analysis of primary urine-derived urinary renal epithelial cells revealed alterations in the Hippo signaling cascade with a decreased phosphorylation of both the core kinase MST and the downstream effector YAP. Consistently, we found a transcriptional upregulation of bona fide YAP target genes. Conclusion A comprehensive review of the here identified patients and those previously published indicates a highly diverse phenotype in patients with missense mutations but a more uniform and better recognizable phenotype in the patients with truncating mutations. Altered Hippo signaling and de-repressed YAP activity might be novel contributing factors to the pathomechanism in FAT1-associated renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nikolai Tschernoster
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Erger
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Hedergott
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja K Buescher
- Children's Hospital, Pediatrics II, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Dafinger
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bjoern Reusch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vincent K Köntges
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Kohl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Malte P Bartram
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lutz Thorsten Weber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmueller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bodo B Beck
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Habbig
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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