Aksakal N, Zora M. InCl
3-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo/Indolo- and Benzooxazepino-Fused Quinoxalines.
ACS OMEGA 2024;
9:33251-33260. [PMID:
39100308 PMCID:
PMC11292660 DOI:
10.1021/acsomega.4c05239]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe an efficient InCl3-catalyzed two-component reaction of 1-(2-aminophenyl)pyrroles/indoles and 2-propargyloxybenzaldehydes for the direct synthesis of 12bH-benzo[6,7]1,4-oxazepino[4,5-a]pyrrolo/indolo[2,1-c]quinoxalines. This high atom- and step-economical one-pot process generates three new C/N-C bonds in a single synthetic operation, resulting in the formation of new six- and seven-membered heterocyclic rings. The easy availability of the starting materials, the use of the relatively inexpensive indium catalyst, and the good substrate scope are the salient features of this strategy. The proposed mechanistic pathway involves imine formation, two consecutive cyclizations via electrophilic aromatic substitution and nucleophilic addition reactions, and the H shift step.
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