|
1
|
Ma J, Sun L, Gao F, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ma H. A Review of Dual-Emission Carbon Dots and Their Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:8134. [PMID: 38138622 PMCID: PMC10745998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), as a rising star among fluorescent nanomaterials with excellent optical properties and fascinating dual-emission characteristics, have attracted increasing attention in sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery, and so on. The synthesis of dual-emission CDs (DE-CDs) and the establishment of ratiometric fluorescence sensors can effectively diminish background interference and provide more accurate results than single-emission CDs. Although DE-CDs have generated increased attention in many fields, the review articles about DE-CDs are still insufficient. Therefore, we summarized the latest results and prepared this review. This review first provides an overview of the primary synthesis route and commonly used precursors in DE-CDs synthesis. Then, the photoluminescence mechanism behind the dual-emission phenomenon was discussed. Thirdly, the application of DE-CDs in metal cation detection, food safety analysis, biosensing, cell imaging, and optoelectronic devices has been extensively discussed. Finally, the main challenges and prospects for further development are presented. This review presents the latest research progress of DE-CDs synthesis and its application in ratiometric sensing; hopefully, it can help and encourage researchers to overcome existing challenges and broaden the area of DE-CDs research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology and Detection of Yan’an, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (J.M.); (S.Z.); (Y.W.); (H.M.)
| | - Lingbo Sun
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (L.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Feng Gao
- Xi’an Zhongkai Environmental Testing Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710000, China;
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology and Detection of Yan’an, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (J.M.); (S.Z.); (Y.W.); (H.M.)
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (L.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology and Detection of Yan’an, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (J.M.); (S.Z.); (Y.W.); (H.M.)
| | - Yuecheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology and Detection of Yan’an, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (J.M.); (S.Z.); (Y.W.); (H.M.)
| | - Hongyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology and Detection of Yan’an, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China; (J.M.); (S.Z.); (Y.W.); (H.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Sun Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Zhao Z, Li L, Liu Z, Lu J, Jin L, Zhang S. Ratiometric Sensing of Intracellular pH Based on Dual Emissive Carbon Dots. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:653-661. [PMID: 36480126 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accurate monitoring of intracellular pH in living cells is critical for developing a better understanding of cellular activities. In the current study, label-free carbon dots (p-CDs), which were fabricated using a straightforward one-pot solvothermal treatment of p-phenylenediamine and urea, were employed to create a new ratiometric pH nanosensor. Under single-wavelength excitation (λex = 500 nm), the p-CDs gave dual emission bands at 525 and 623 nm. The fluorescent intensity ratio (I525/I623) was linearly related to pH over the range 4.0 to 8.8 in buffer solutions, indicating that the ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe may be useful for pH sensing. In pH measurements, the p-CDs also demonstrated outstanding selectivity, reversibility, and photostability. Owing to the advantages outlined above, the nanoprobe was used to monitor the pH of HeLa cells effectively. The label-free CD-based ratiometric nanoprobe features comparatively easy manufacturing and longer excitation and emission wavelengths than the majority of previously reported CD-based ratiometric pH sensors, which is ultimately beneficial for applications in biological imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuoping Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiufu Lu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingxia Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723000, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Yan C, Xu K, Liu R, Zhang T, Huang Z, Zheng C. The one-step synthesis of B,N co-doped carbon dots as a fracturing crosslinker and fluorescent tracer in flowback fluid and their performance. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The carbon dot crosslinker has a unique crosslinking mechanism, that each crosslinking point can crosslink multiple guar gum molecular chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaozong Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiping Liu
- PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Dina Oil and Gas Development Department, Tarim, 841599, People's Republic of China
| | - Tailiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunchuan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|