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Correia N, Paschoaletto L, Reigada C, Gonçalves TCM, Moreira CJDC, Costa J. Experimental Hybrids of the Triatoma brasiliensis Species Complex Show Higher Susceptibility to the Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Than Their Parentals. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2850. [PMID: 38137994 PMCID: PMC10745812 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Triatoma brasiliensis species complex is a monophyletic group encompassing two subspecies and six species. Recently, a hybrid zone of members of this complex was recorded in the state of Pernambuco. Questions concerning the capability of the hybrids to become infected with Trypanosoma cruzi have been raised. This study aimed to compare the susceptibility of Triatoma b. brasiliensis, Triatoma juazeirensis, and their experimental hybrids to infection with T. cruzi. We infected the parentals and their experimental hybrids (obtained through reciprocal crosses) through artificial feeding with citrated rabbit blood, to which the TcI 0354 strain of T. cruzi had been added. The insects were weighed before and after feeding on the rabbit blood, and then they were dissected on the 10th, 20th, and 30th day after infection. Both the hybrids and the parentals remained infected throughout the experiment. The parasite was mostly found in the epimastigote form. The number of epimastigotes was significantly lower in the stomach and small intestine of T. juazeirensis than in the hybrids or in T. b. brasiliensis. A significantly higher percentage of metacyclic trypomastigotes was detected in the small intestine and rectum of the hybrids. Hybrids demonstrated higher susceptibility to the TcI 0354 strain than their parentals, opening up new avenues to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Correia
- Entomology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - Letícia Paschoaletto
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Carolina Reigada
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, São Carlos University, UFSCAR, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil;
| | - Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Entomological Surveillance of Diptera and Hemiptera, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | | | - Jane Costa
- National and International Reference Laboratory in Taxonomy of Triatomines, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
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Waniek PJ, Araújo CAC, Jansen AM, Costa J. First genotyping of Trypanosoma cruzi from naturally infected Triatoma juazeirensis, Triatoma melanica and Triatoma sherlocki from Bahia State, Brazil. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 35:134-140. [PMID: 32648329 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many previous studies have shown a great phylogenetic and biological variability of Trypanosoma cruzi using different molecular and biochemical methods. Populations of T. cruzi were initially clustered into two main lineages called TcI and TcII by the size of the mini-exon PCR product. In the present study, 33 isolates derived from three triatomine taxa, which belong to the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex (Triatoma juazeirensis, Triatoma melanica and Triatoma sherlocki); collected in three distinct areas of Bahia state were characterized by PCR. The isolates were identified by the size of the mini-exon gene, 18S rRNA and 24Sα rRNA amplicons. T. cruzi isolates obtained in sylvatic and intradomiciliar ecotopes, derived from T. juazeirensis and T. melanica, were identified as TcI while the parasites originated from T. sherlocki were characterized as TcI and TcII genotypes, respectively. Those species are present in sylvatic ecotopes but are able to infest intradomiciliar areas. Therefore, it would be important to maintain studies in those localities of Bahia and further investigate the possibilities of Chagas disease transmission. Human disease may occur by any T. cruzi genotype and not only by TcII as it is the case in Amazonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Waniek
- Laboratório de Biologia de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C A C Araújo
- Laboratório de Biologia de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A M Jansen
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ribeiro G, Dos Santos CGS, Lanza F, Reis J, Vaccarezza F, Diniz C, Miranda DLP, de Araújo RF, Cunha GM, de Carvalho CMM, Fonseca EOL, Dos Santos RF, de Sousa OMF, Reis RB, de Araújo WN, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Dos Reis MG. Wide distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected triatomines in the State of Bahia, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:604. [PMID: 31878960 PMCID: PMC6933904 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of Trypanosoma cruzi and blood-meal sources in synanthropic triatomines is important to assess the potential risk of Chagas disease transmission. We identified T. cruzi infection and blood-meal sources of triatomines caught in and around houses in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, and mapped the occurrence of infected triatomines that fed on humans and domestic animals. Methods Triatominae bugs were manually captured by trained agents from the Epidemiologic Surveillance team of Bahia State Health Service between 2013 and 2014. We applied conventional PCR to detect T. cruzi and blood-meal sources (dog, cat, human and bird) in a randomized sample of triatomines. We mapped triatomine distribution and analyzed vector hotspots with kernel density spatial analysis. Results In total, 5906 triatomines comprising 15 species were collected from 127 out of 417 municipalities in Bahia. The molecular analyses of 695 triatomines revealed a ~10% T. cruzi infection rate, which was highest in the T. brasiliensis species complex. Most bugs were found to have fed on birds (74.2%), and other blood-meal sources included dogs (6%), cats (0.6%) and humans (1%). Trypanosoma cruzi-infected triatomines that fed on humans were detected inside houses. Spatial analysis showed a wide distribution of T. cruzi-infected triatomines throughout Bahia; triatomines that fed on dogs, humans, and cats were observed mainly in the northeast region. Conclusions Synanthropic triatomines have a wide distribution and maintain the potential risk of T. cruzi transmission to humans and domestic animals in Bahia. Ten species were recorded inside houses, mainly Triatoma sordida, T. pseudomaculata, and the T. brasiliensis species complex. Molecular and spatial analysis are useful to reveal T. cruzi infection and blood-meal sources in synanthropic triatomines, identifying areas with ongoing threat for parasite transmission and improving entomological surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmar Ribeiro
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil.,Faculdades Ruy Barbosa-Wyden, Rua Theodomiro Baptista, 422 - Rio Vermelho, Salvador, BA, 41940-320, Brazil
| | - Carlos G S Dos Santos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil.,SESAB/Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica (DIVEP), Centro de Atenção à Saúde José Maria de Magalhães Netto., Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães, s/nº, Parque Bela Vista, Salvador, BA, CEP 41.820-000, Brazil.,SESAB/Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof, Gonçalo Moniz LACEN, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 12, Candeal, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lanza
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Jamylle Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Vaccarezza
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Camila Diniz
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Diego Lopes Paim Miranda
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina-UFBA, Rua Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Renato Freitas de Araújo
- SESAB/Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica (DIVEP), Centro de Atenção à Saúde José Maria de Magalhães Netto., Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães, s/nº, Parque Bela Vista, Salvador, BA, CEP 41.820-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Muricy Cunha
- SESAB/Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica (DIVEP), Centro de Atenção à Saúde José Maria de Magalhães Netto., Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães, s/nº, Parque Bela Vista, Salvador, BA, CEP 41.820-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Medeiros Moraes de Carvalho
- SESAB/Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica (DIVEP), Centro de Atenção à Saúde José Maria de Magalhães Netto., Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães, s/nº, Parque Bela Vista, Salvador, BA, CEP 41.820-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Oyama Lins Fonseca
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde (CIMATEC ITS), Av. Orlando Gomes, 1845 Piatã, Salvador, BA, 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fonseca Dos Santos
- SESAB/Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof, Gonçalo Moniz LACEN, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 12, Candeal, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Orlando Marcos Farias de Sousa
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância de Zoonoses e Doenças de Transmissão Vetorial, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, SRTV 702, Via W 5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70723-040, Brazil
| | | | - Wildo Navegantes de Araújo
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, s/n, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federa, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Campus, Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mitermayer G Dos Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-BA, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal-Salvador, BA, CEP: 40296-710, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Medicina-UFBA, Rua Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil. .,Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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