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Emimal M, Hans WJ, Inbamalar TM, Lindsay NM. Classification of EMG signals with CNN features and voting ensemble classifier. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38317414 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2310726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Electromyography (EMG) signals are primarily used to control prosthetic hands. Classifying hand gestures efficiently with EMG signals presents numerous challenges. In addition to overcoming these challenges, a successful combination of feature extraction and classification approaches will improve classification accuracy. In the current work, convolutional neural network (CNN) features are used to reduce the redundancy problems associated with time and frequency domain features to improve classification accuracy. The features from the EMG signal are extracted using a CNN and are fed to the 'k' nearest neighbor (KNN) classifier with a different number of neighbors ( 1 N N , 3 N N , 5 N N , and 7 N N ) . It results in an ensemble of classifiers that are combined using a hard voting-based classifier. Based on the benchmark Ninapro DB4 database and CapgMyo database, the proposed framework obtained 91.3 % classification accuracy on CapgMyo and 89.5 % on Ninapro DB4.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Emimal
- Department of ECE, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, TamilNadu, India
| | - W Jino Hans
- Department of ECE, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, TamilNadu, India
| | - T M Inbamalar
- Department of ECE, RMK College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, TamilNadu, India
| | - N Mahiban Lindsay
- Department of EEE, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, TamilNadu, India
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Baygin M, Barua PD, Dogan S, Tuncer T, Key S, Acharya UR, Cheong KH. A Hand-Modeled Feature Extraction-Based Learning Network to Detect Grasps Using sEMG Signal. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:2007. [PMID: 35271154 PMCID: PMC8914690 DOI: 10.3390/s22052007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, deep models have been very popular because they achieve excellent performance with many classification problems. Deep networks have high computational complexities and require specific hardware. To overcome this problem (without decreasing classification ability), a hand-modeled feature selection method is proposed in this paper. A new shape-based local feature extractor is presented which uses the geometric shape of the frustum. By using a frustum pattern, textural features are generated. Moreover, statistical features have been extracted in this model. Textures and statistics features are fused, and a hybrid feature extraction phase is obtained; these features are low-level. To generate high level features, tunable Q factor wavelet transform (TQWT) is used. The presented hybrid feature generator creates 154 feature vectors; hence, it is named Frustum154. In the multilevel feature creation phase, this model can select the appropriate feature vectors automatically and create the final feature vector by merging the appropriate feature vectors. Iterative neighborhood component analysis (INCA) chooses the best feature vector, and shallow classifiers are then used. Frustum154 has been tested on three basic hand-movement sEMG datasets. Hand-movement sEMG datasets are commonly used in biomedical engineering, but there are some problems in this area. The presented models generally required one dataset to achieve high classification ability. In this work, three sEMG datasets have been used to test the performance of Frustum154. The presented model is self-organized and selects the most informative subbands and features automatically. It achieved 98.89%, 94.94%, and 95.30% classification accuracies using shallow classifiers, indicating that Frustum154 can improve classification accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Baygin
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Ardahan University, Ardahan 75000, Turkey
| | - Prabal Datta Barua
- School of Business (Information System), University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Cogninet Brain Team, Cogninet Australia, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sengul Dogan
- Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, College of Technology, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Turker Tuncer
- Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, College of Technology, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Sefa Key
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bingöl State Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bingöl 12000, Turkey
| | - U Rajendra Acharya
- Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore 599489, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Technology, SUSS University, Singapore 599494, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Kang Hao Cheong
- Science, Mathematics and Technology Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
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Zhao K, Wen H, Zhang Z, He C, Wu J. Fractal characteristics-based motor dyskinesia assessment. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fajardo JM, Gomez O, Prieto F. EMG hand gesture classification using handcrafted and deep features. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Qin P, Shi X. Evaluation of Feature Extraction and Classification for Lower Limb Motion Based on sEMG Signal. ENTROPY 2020; 22:e22080852. [PMID: 33286623 PMCID: PMC7517453 DOI: 10.3390/e22080852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The real-time and accuracy of motion classification plays an essential role for the elderly or frail people in daily activities. This study aims to determine the optimal feature extraction and classification method for the activities of daily living (ADL). In the experiment, we collected surface electromyography (sEMG) signals from thigh semitendinosus, lateral thigh muscle, and calf gastrocnemius of the lower limbs to classify horizontal walking, crossing obstacles, standing up, going down the stairs, and going up the stairs. Firstly, we analyzed 11 feature extraction methods, including time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain, and entropy. Additionally, a feature evaluation method was proposed, and the separability of 11 feature extraction algorithms was calculated. Then, combined with 11 feature algorithms, the classification accuracy and time of 55 classification methods were calculated. The results showed that the Gaussian Kernel Linear Discriminant Analysis (GK-LDA) with WAMP had the highest classification accuracy rate (96%), and the calculation time was below 80 ms. In this paper, the quantitative comparative analysis of feature extraction and classification methods was a benefit to the application for the wearable sEMG sensor system in ADL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Shi
- Correspondence: (P.Q.); (X.S.)
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