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Kim DH, Kim MJ, Kwak SY, Jeong J, Choi D, Choi SW, Ryu J, Kang KS. Bioengineered liver crosslinked with nano-graphene oxide enables efficient liver regeneration via MMP suppression and immunomodulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:801. [PMID: 36781854 PMCID: PMC9925774 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold, widely utilized for organ engineering, often undergoes matrix decomposition after transplantation and produces byproducts that cause inflammation, leading to clinical failure. Here we propose a strategy using nano-graphene oxide to modify the biophysical properties of decellularized liver scaffolds. Notably, we demonstrate that scaffolds crosslinked with nano-graphene oxide show high resistance to enzymatic degradation via direct inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase activity and increased mechanical rigidity. We find that M2-like macrophage polarization is promoted within the crosslinked scaffolds, which reduces graft-elicited inflammation. Moreover, we show that low activities of matrix metalloproteinases, attributed to both nano-graphene oxide and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expressed by M2c, can protect the crosslinked scaffolds against in vivo degradation. Lastly, we demonstrate that bioengineered livers fabricated with the crosslinked scaffolds remain functional, thereby effectively regenerating damaged livers after transplantation into liver failure mouse models. Overall, nano-graphene oxide crosslinking prolongs allograft survival and ultimately improves therapeutic effects of bioengineered livers, which offer an alternative for donor organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hyun Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Kwak
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Won Choi
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Bio & Nano Convergence, Biogo Co., LTD, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaechul Ryu
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Bio & Nano Convergence, Biogo Co., LTD, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Yoon S, Kang K, Cho YD, Kim Y, Buisson EM, Yim JH, Lee SB, Ryu KY, Jeong J, Choi D. Nonintegrating Direct Conversion Using mRNA into Hepatocyte-Like Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8240567. [PMID: 30327781 PMCID: PMC6171260 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8240567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, several researchers have reported that direct reprogramming techniques can be used to differentiate fibroblasts into hepatocyte-like cells without a pluripotent intermediate step. However, the use of viral vectors for conversion continues to pose important challenges in terms of genome integration. Herein, we propose a new method of direct conversion without genome integration with potential clinical applications. To generate hepatocyte-like cells, mRNA coding for the hepatic transcription factors Foxa3 and HNF4α was transfected into mouse embryonic fibroblasts. After 10-12 days, the fibroblasts converted to an epithelial morphology and generated colonies of hepatocyte-like cells (R-iHeps). The generated R-iHeps expressed hepatocyte-specific marker genes and proteins, including albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, HNF4α, CK18, and CYP1A2. To evaluate hepatic function, indocyanine green uptake, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and albumin secretion were assessed. Furthermore, mCherry-positive R-iHeps were engrafted in the liver of Alb-TRECK/SCID mice, and we confirmed FAH enzyme expression in Fah1RTyrc/RJ models. In conclusion, our data suggest that the nonintegrating method using mRNA has potential for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangtae Yoon
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyojin Kang
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-duck Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Kim
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Elina Maria Buisson
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Yim
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Ryu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Jeong
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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