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Hemalatha T, Aarthy M, Pandurangan S, Kamini NR, Ayyadurai N. A deep dive into the darning effects of biomaterials in infarct myocardium: current advances and future perspectives. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1443-1467. [PMID: 34342769 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs due to the obstruction of coronary arteries, a major crux that restricts blood flow and thereby oxygen to the distal part of the myocardium, leading to loss of cardiomyocytes and eventually, if left untreated, leads to heart failure. MI, a potent cardiovascular disorder, requires intense therapeutic interventions and thereby presents towering challenges. Despite the concerted efforts, the treatment strategies for MI are still demanding, which has paved the way for the genesis of biomaterial applications. Biomaterials exhibit immense potentials for cardiac repair and regeneration, wherein they act as extracellular matrix replacing scaffolds or as delivery vehicles for stem cells, protein, plasmids, etc. This review concentrates on natural, synthetic, and hybrid biomaterials; their function; and interaction with the body, mechanisms of repair by which they are able to improve cardiac function in a MI milieu. We also provide focus on future perspectives that need attention. The cognizance provided by the research results certainly indicates that biomaterials could revolutionize the treatment paradigms for MI with a positive impact on clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiagarajan Hemalatha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Mayilvahanan Aarthy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Suryalakshmi Pandurangan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Numbi Ramudu Kamini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Niraikulam Ayyadurai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India.
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Ko KW, Choi B, Kang EY, Shin SW, Baek SW, Han DK. The antagonistic effect of magnesium hydroxide particles on vascular endothelial activation induced by acidic PLGA degradation products. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:892-907. [PMID: 33245077 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although drug-eluting stents (DESs) are mainly coated with biodegradable polymers such as PLGA and PLLA, their acidic degradation products can alter the local microenvironment and affect the homeostasis of adjacent tissue. Previously, we developed anti-inflammatory PLGA-based materials including magnesium hydroxide (MH) to relieve the side effects caused by PLGA degradation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of its protective effects has not yet been clarified. Here, we demonstrated the pathological mechanism of vascular endothelial activation caused by PLGA by-products. The PLGA by-products accumulated in HCAECs through MCT1, followed by oxidative stress and the activation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, the PLGA by-products increased the expression of VCAM-1 as well as the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. However, the addition of MH particles significantly diminished the activation of this molecular pathway and the expression of inflammation-related factors induced by acidic PLGA degradation products. Furthermore, Mg2+ released from MH particles restored endothelial function in both intracellular and extracellular spaces. Taken together, MH particles prevent the accumulation of PLGA degradation products in HCAECs, thereby repressing the associated vascular endothelial activation. These findings on the biochemical mechanisms are expected to provide important clues for addressing the safety issues in nearly all biodegradable polymer-based implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Won Ko
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bogyu Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Young Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Woo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Woon Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.
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Ben-Shushan S, Miller Y. Neuropeptides: Roles and Activities as Metal Chelators in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:2796-2811. [PMID: 33570949 PMCID: PMC8389909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c11151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are characterized by deposits of amyloid proteins. The homeostasis of metal ions is crucial for the normal biological functions in the brain. However, in AD and PD, the imbalance of metal ions leads to formation of amyloid deposits. In the past four decades, there has been extensive effort to design compound agents than can chelate metal ions with the aim of preventing the formation of the amyloid deposits. Unfortunately, the compounds to date that were designed were not successful candidates to be used in clinical trials. Neuropeptides are small molecules that are produced and released by neurons. It has been shown that neuropeptides have neuroprotective effects in the brain and reduce the formation of amyloid deposits. This Review Article is focused on the function of neuropeptides as metal chelators. Experimental and computational studies demonstrated that neuropeptides could bind metal ions, such as Cu2+ and Zn2+. This Review Article provides perspectives and initiates future studies to investigate the role of neuropeptides as metal chelators in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Ben-Shushan
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.,Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.,Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
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Ben-Shushan S, Miller Y. Molecular Mechanisms and Aspects on the Role of Neuropeptide Y as a Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ Chelator. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:484-493. [PMID: 33320649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The concept of metal chelation is based on simple coordination chemistry. The development of an ideal metal chelator that completely and selectively removes toxic metals from a specific metal binding site in proteins is required to prevent and or inhibit a variety of diseases, among them neurodegenerative diseases. This work examines neuropeptide Y (NPY) as a Zn2+ and Cu2+ chelator agent. NPY is a natural peptide that is produced in the human body; therefore, it is not a toxic agent and the complex that it forms is not toxic as well. Our simulations reveal that NPY has an efficient Zn2+ chelation activity but is less effective in chelating Cu2+. Moreover, while NPY demonstrates several conformations, the metal chelation occurs more efficiently in its native structure. Beyond the exploration of the activity of NPY as a Zn2+ and Cu2+ chelator agent, this work provides an insight into the molecular mechanisms of the chelation of these metals at the molecular level. The outcomes from this work may guide future experimental studies to examine NPY in metal chelation therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Ben-Shushan
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.,Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.,Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Abstract
Current experimental stroke research has evolved to focus on detailed understanding of the brain’s self-protective and restorative mechanisms, and harness this knowledge for development of new therapies. In this context, the role of peptidases and neuropeptides is of growing interest. In this focused review, peptidase neurolysin (Nln) and its extracellular peptide substrates are briefly discussed in relation to pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Upregulation of Nln following stroke is viewed as a compensatory cerebroprotective mechanism in the acute phase of stroke, because the main neuropeptides inactivated by Nln are neuro/cerebrotoxic (bradykinin, substance P, neurotensin, angiotensin II, hemopressin), whereas the peptides generated by Nln are neuro/cerebroprotective (angiotensin-(1–7), Leu-/Met-enkephalins). This notion is confirmed by experimental studies documenting aggravation of stroke outcomes in mice after inhibition of Nln following stroke, and dramatic improvement of stroke outcomes in mice overexpressing Nln in the brain. The role of Nln in the (sub)chronic phase of stroke is less clear and it is likely, that this peptidase does not have a major role in neural repair mechanisms. This is because, the substrates of Nln are less uniform in modulating neurorestorative mechanisms in one direction, some appearing to have neural repair enhancing/stimulating potential, whereas others doing the opposite. Future studies focusing on the role of Nln in pathophysiology of stroke should determine its potential as a cerebroprotective target for stroke therapy, because its unique ability to modulate multiple neuropeptide systems critically involved in brain injury mechanisms is likely advantageous over modulation of one pathogenic pathway for stroke pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, TTUHSC, Amarillo, TX, USA
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Assefa F, Lim J, Kim JA, Ihn HJ, Lim S, Nam SH, Bae YC, Park EK. Secretoneurin, a Neuropeptide, Enhances Bone Regeneration in a Mouse Calvarial Bone Defect Model. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 18:315-324. [PMID: 33145742 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the effects of a neuropeptide, secretoneurin (SN), on bone regeneration in an experimental mouse model. METHODS The effects of SN on cell proliferation, osteoblast marker genes expression, and mineralization were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and alizarin red S staining, respectively. To examine the effects of SN on bone regeneration in vivo, bone defects were created in the calvaria of ICR mice, and 0.5 or 1 µg/ml SN was applied. New bone formation was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology. New blood vessel formation was assessed by CD34 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS SN had no significant effect on proliferation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells. However, SN partially induced the gene expression of osteoblast differentiation markers such as runt-related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I alpha 1, and osteopontin. A significant increase of bone regeneration was observed in SN treated calvarial defects. The bone volume (BV), BV/tissue volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular number values were significantly increased in the collagen sponge plus 0.5 or 1 µg/ml SN group (p < 0.01) compared with the control group. Histologic analysis also revealed increased new bone formation in the SN-treated groups. Immunohistochemical staining of CD34 showed that the SN-treated groups contained more blood vessels compared with control in the calvarial defect area. CONCLUSION SN increases new bone and blood vessel formation in a calvarial defect site. This study suggests that SN may enhance new bone formation through its potent angiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freshet Assefa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ang Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Ihn
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Lim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyeon Nam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, South Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea.
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Liu L, Dana R, Yin J. Sensory neurons directly promote angiogenesis in response to inflammation via substance P signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:6229-6243. [PMID: 32162744 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903236r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels and nerves travel together to supply most tissues in the body. However, there is a knowledge gap in the mechanisms underlying the direct regulation of angiogenesis by nerves. In the current study, we examined the regulation of angiogenesis by sensory nerves in response to inflammation using the cornea, a normally avascular and densely innervated ocular tissue, as a model. We used desiccating stress as an inflammatory stimulus in vivo and found that sub-basal and epithelial nerve densities in the cornea were reduced in dry eye disease (DED). We established a co-culture system of trigeminal ganglion sensory neurons and vascular endothelial cells (VEC) and found that neurons isolated from mice with DED directly promoted VEC proliferation and tube formation compared with normal controls. In addition, these neurons expressed and secreted higher levels of substance P (SP), a proinflammatory neuropeptide. SP potently promoted VEC activation in vitro and blockade of SP signaling with spantide I, an antagonist of SP receptor Neurokinin-1, significantly reduced corneal neovascularization in vivo. Spantide I and siRNA knockdown of SP abolished the promotion of VEC activation by DED neurons in vitro. Taken together, our data suggested that sensory neurons directly promote angiogenesis via SP signaling in response to inflammation in the cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjia Liu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia Yin
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Song SY, Kim H, Yoo J, Kwon SP, Park BW, Kim JJ, Ban K, Char K, Park HJ, Kim BS. Prevascularized, multiple-layered cell sheets of direct cardiac reprogrammed cells for cardiac repair. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4508-4520. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00701c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We developed cardiac-reprogrammed cell sheets via cardiac-mimetic cell culture system with biodegradable PLGA membrane. The prevascularized, multiple-layered cell sheets prevented heart failure after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seuk Young Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Kim
- Department of Medical Life Science
- College of Medicine
- The Catholic University of Korea
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yoo
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Pil Kwon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Woo Park
- Department of Medical Life Science
- College of Medicine
- The Catholic University of Korea
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-ju Kim
- Department of Medical Life Science
- College of Medicine
- The Catholic University of Korea
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Ban
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon Tong
- Hong Kong
| | - Kookheon Char
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Jun Park
- Department of Medical Life Science
- College of Medicine
- The Catholic University of Korea
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
- Institute of Chemical Processes
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Li C, Wu X, Liu S, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Liu K. Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmune Diseases. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:869. [PMID: 31481869 PMCID: PMC6710390 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator that mainly exists in the nervous system. It plays a neuroprotective role in organisms and widely participates in the regulation of various physiological processes in vivo. Studies in both humans and animal models have been revealed that NPY levels are altered in some neurodegenerative and neuroimmune disorders. NPY plays various roles in these diseases, such as exerting a neuroprotective effect, increasing trophic support, decreasing excitotoxicity, regulating calcium homeostasis, and attenuating neuroinflammation. In this review, we will focus on the roles of NPY in the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative and neuroimmune diseases, highlighting NPY as a potential therapeutic target in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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