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Sohn JS, Choi JS. Development and evaluation of niacinamide transdermal formulation by artificial membrane permeability. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1229-1236. [PMID: 37284416 PMCID: PMC10239687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite many efforts to improve the transdermal permeability of drugs, most of them are blocked by the skin barrier. Niacinamide (NAC) is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System class I drug with high aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability. Due to the high solubility and intestinal permeability of NAC, the development of new formulations is insufficient as transdermal, injection etc. Thus, this study aimed to develop the novel NAC formulation with improved skin permeability and secured stability. The NAC formulation approach is to first select a solvent that improves skin permeability, and then select a second penetration enhancer to determine the final formulation. All formulations were evaluated for skin permeability using an artificial membrane (Strat-M®). The optimal formulation (non-ionic formulations (NF1) consisted of NAC/Tween®80 = 1:1 wt ratio in dipropylene glycol [DPG]) showed the highest permeability in all formulations in PBS buffer (pH 7.4). The thermal properties of NF1 were altered. Moreover, NF1 maintained a stable drug content, appearance, and pH value for 12 months. In conclusion, DPG had an excellent effect in increasing the NAC permeation, and Tween®80 played a boosting role. Through this study, an innovative NAC formulation was developed, and good results are expected for human transdermal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Sun Sohn
- College of General Education, Chosun University, PhD, Associate Professor, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Choi
- Department of Medical Management, Chodang University, Ph. D, Assistant Professor, 380 Muan-ro, Muan-eup, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do 58530, Republic of Korea
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2-Methoxyestradiol TPGS Micelles Attenuate Cyclosporine A-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats through Inhibition of TGF-β1 and p-ERK1/2 Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081499. [PMID: 36009218 PMCID: PMC9405159 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CSA) has been linked to serious renal toxic effects. Although 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME) possesses a wide range of pharmacological abilities, it suffers poor bioavailability after oral administration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of 2ME loaded D-ɑ-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) micelles to prevent CSA-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. A 2ME-TPGS was prepared and showed particle size of 44.3 ± 3.5 nm with good entrapment efficiency and spherical structures. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, namely: Control, Vehicle, CSA, CSA + 2ME-Raw, and CSA + 2ME-Nano. CSA was injected daily at a SC dose of 20 mg/kg. Both 2ME-Raw and 2ME-Nano were given daily at oral doses of 5 mg/kg. Treatments continued for three successive weeks. 2ME-TPGS exerted significant protective effects against CSA nephrotoxicity. This was evidenced in ameliorating deterioration of renal functions, attenuation of pathological changes in kidney tissues, exerting significant anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects together with significant anti-apoptotic effects. Western blot analyses showed both 2ME-Raw and 2ME-Nano significantly inhibited protein expression of TGF-β1 and phospho-ERK (p-ERK). It was observed that 2ME-TPGS, in almost all experiments, exerted superior protective effects as compared with 2ME-Raw. In conclusion, 2ME loaded in a TPGS nanocarrier possesses significant protective activities against CSA-induced kidney injury in rats. This is attributable to 2ME anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities which are mediated at least partly by inhibition of TGF-β1/p-ERK axis.
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Dong K, Chen W, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Wang P, Wang K, Xing J, Lu T, Dong Y. Multifunctional nanosystems sequentially regulating intratumor Fenton chemistry by remodeling the tumor microenvironment to reinforce chemodynamic therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212957. [PMID: 35913243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The particularity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly limits the efficiency of chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Although various measures have been taken to improve the efficiency of CDT, how to organically integrate them into one nanosystem to achieve efficient synergy for CDT according to predetermined procedures is still an urgent problem to be solved. This work reported a multifunctional nanosystem, TPI@PPCAI, which comprised the inner triphenylphosphine modified D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS-PPh3) micelles loading iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONs), and the outer poly (dopamine-co-protocatechuic acid) (PDA-PA, PP) coating modified with carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor (CAI). TPI@PPCAI remodeled TME by sequential function adjustment to make it suitable for the efficient Fenton reactions: CAI first inhibited the overexpressed CA IX to result in intracellular acidification, which combined with near-infrared light (NIR) irradiation to accelerate the PP coating degradation, thereby promoting the exposure and disintegration of the inner micellar structure to release TPGS-PPh3 and IONs. The TPGS-PPh3 further elevated the intracellular ROS basal level by targeting and interfering with the mitochondrial function. Therefore, the TME was transformed into an acidic microenvironment with high ROS levels, which vigorously promoted the Fenton reaction mediated by IONs with the aid of photothermal effect induced by PP coating via NIR irradiation, ultimately earning high-efficiency CDT on xenograft MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice. This study improved the efficiency of Fenton reaction in biological systems through the practical design of nanostructures and provided a novel thought for ROS-mediated therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengchong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tingli Lu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Sadaf A, Sinha R, Ekka MK. Ionic liquid-mediated skin technologies: Recent advances and prospects. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zuccari G, Baldassari S, Alfei S, Marengo B, Valenti GE, Domenicotti C, Ailuno G, Villa C, Marchitto L, Caviglioli G. D-α-Tocopherol-Based Micelles for Successful Encapsulation of Retinoic Acid. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030212. [PMID: 33806321 PMCID: PMC7999664 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) represents the first-choice treatment for several skin diseases, including epithelial skin cancer and acne. However, ATRA's cutaneous side effects, like redness and peeling, and its high instability limit its efficacy. To address these drawbacks and to improve ATRA solubilization, we prepared ATRA-loaded micelles (ATRA-TPGSs), by its encapsulation in D-α-tocopheryl-polyethylene-glycol-succinate (TPGS). First, to explore the feasibility of the project, a solubility study based on the equilibrium method was performed; then, six ATRA-TPGS formulations were prepared by the solvent-casting method using different TPGS amounts. ATRA-TPGSs showed small sizes (11-20 nm), low polydispersity, slightly negative zeta potential, and proved good encapsulation efficiency, confirmed by a chemometric-assisted Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) investigation. ATRA-TPGS stability was also investigated to choose the most stable formulation. Using Carbopol® 980 as gelling agent, ATRA-TPGS-loaded gels were obtained and analyzed for their rheological profiles. Ex vivo release studies from ATRA-TPGSs were performed by Franz cells, demonstrating a permeation after 24 h of 22 ± 4 µ cm-2. ATRA-TPGSs showed enhanced cytotoxic effects on melanoma cells, suggesting that these formulations may represent a valid alternative to improve patient compliance and to achieve more efficacious therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (C.V.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (C.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (C.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine—DIMES, University of Genoa, Via Alberti L.B. 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (B.M.); (G.E.V.); (C.D.)
| | - Giulia Elda Valenti
- Department of Experimental Medicine—DIMES, University of Genoa, Via Alberti L.B. 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (B.M.); (G.E.V.); (C.D.)
| | - Cinzia Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine—DIMES, University of Genoa, Via Alberti L.B. 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (B.M.); (G.E.V.); (C.D.)
| | - Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (C.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Carla Villa
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (C.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Leonardo Marchitto
- Department of Sciences for the Quality of Life, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Caviglioli
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (S.A.); (G.A.); (C.V.); (G.C.)
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Xu Y, Wang S, Yang L, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Yan G, Tang R. pH-sensitive micelles self-assembled from star-shaped TPGS copolymers with ortho ester linkages for enhanced MDR reversal and chemotherapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:363-373. [PMID: 34276824 PMCID: PMC8261081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TPGS approved by FDA can be used as a P-gp inhibitor to effectively reverse multi-drug resistance (MDR) and as an anticancer agent for synergistic antitumor effects. However, the comparatively high critical micelle concentration (CMC), low drug loading (DL) and poor tumor target limit its further clinical application. To overcome these drawbacks, the pH-sensitive star-shaped TPGS copolymers were successfully constructed via using pentaerythritol as the initial materials, ortho esters as the pH-triggered linkages and TPGS active-ester as the terminated MDR material. The amphiphilic star-shaped TPGS copolymers could self-assemble into free and doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded micelles at neutral aqueous solutions. The micelles exhibited the lower CMC (8.2 × 10−5 mg/ml), higher DL (10.8%) and long-term storage and circulation stability, and showed enhanced cellular uptake, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and growth inhibition for in vitro MCF-7/ADR and/or MCF-7/ADR multicellular spheroids and in vivo MCF-7/ADR tumors via efficiently targeted drug release at tumoral intracellular pH (5.0), MDR reversal of TPGS, and synergistic effect of DOX and TPGS. Therefore, the pH-sensitive micelles self-assembled from star-shaped TPGS copolymers with ortho ester linkages are potentially useful to clinically transform for enhanced MDR cancer treatment.
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Mujtaba MA, Akhter MH, Alam MS, Ali MD, Hussain A. An updated review on therapeutic potential and recent advances in drug delivery of Berberine: Current status and future prospect. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:60-71. [PMID: 33557735 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210208152113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are well known for their high potency with minimum side effects. Plant extracts are the most commonly used natural products because of their ease of availability and relatively low production cost. Berberine (BBR), a phytochemical component of some Chinese medicinal herbs (most commonlyBerberis vulgaris), is an isoquinoline alkaloid with several biological and pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, antimicrobial, antidepressant,hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic actions. Interestingly, multiple studies have shown that BBR is a potential drug candidate with a multi-spectrum therapeutic application. However, the oral delivery of BBR is challenged owing to its poor bioavailability. Therefore, its oral bioavailability needs to be enhanced before it can be used in many clinical applications. This review provides an overview of the various studies that support the broad range of pharmacological activities of BBR. Also, it includes a section to address the issues and challenges related with the drug and methods to improve the properties of BBR such as solubility, stability and bioavailability that may be explored to help patients reap the maximum benefit from this potentially useful drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University. Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mohammad Daud Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam. Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451. Saudi Arabia
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Yang Y, Fan Z, Zheng K, Shi D, Su G, Ge D, Zhao Q, Fu X, Hou Z. A novel self-targeting theranostic nanoplatform for photoacoustic imaging-monitored and enhanced chemo-sonodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5547-5559. [PMID: 34165487 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy has attracted wide attention as a noninvasive therapy due to deep tissue penetration. However, majority sonosensitizers often suffer from poor physiological stability, rapid blood clearance and nonspecific targeting, which seriously hinders their further practical applications. Inspired by the concept of active targeting drug delivery, both dual-functional chemo-drug pemetrexed (PEM, emerges an innate affinity toward the folate receptor) and amphiphilic d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) were selected to be covalently linked by an esterase-responsive ester linkage. The synthesized self-targeting TPGS-PEM prodrug and indocyanine green (ICG) as functional motifs can be self-assembled into a TPGS-PEM-ICG nanoplatform within an aqueous medium. The TPGS-PEM-ICG nanoplatform with outstanding structural and physiological stability not only protects the sonosensitizer from reticular endothelial system clearance but also achieves active targeting drug delivery and efficient tumor enrichment. Moreover, TPGS-PEM-ICG nanoplatform can selectively recognize tumor cells and then realize on-demand drug burst release by multiple stimuli of internal lysosomal acidity, esterase and external ultrasound, which guarantee low side effects toward normal tissues and organs. It is also worth noting that our nanoplatform exhibits protruding tumor enrichment under the precise guidance of photoacoustic/fluorescence imaging. Further in vitro and in vivo experimental results well confirmed that the TPGS-PEM-ICG nanoplatform possesses enhanced chemo-sonodynamic effects. Interestingly, the highly toxic reactive oxygen species can remarkably reduce the blood oxygen saturation signal of the tumor microenvironment via precise, multifunctional and high-resolution photoacoustic imaging. Taken together, the TPGS-PEM-ICG nanoplatform can be expected to hold enormous potential for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy for tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen & Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zhongxiong Fan
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen & Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Kaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Dao Shi
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen & Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Guanghao Su
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Dongtao Ge
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen & Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xu Fu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen & Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Farooq MA, Xinyu H, Jabeen A, Ahsan A, Seidu TA, Kutoka PT, Wang B. Enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of vorinostat through encapsulation in TPGS-modified liposomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 199:111523. [PMID: 33360624 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vorinostat (VOR) is known as one of the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) for cancer treatment, and the FDA approves it for cutaneous T cell lymphoma therapy. Poor solubility, permeability, and less anti-cancer activity are the main challenges for the effective delivery of VOR against various cancers. So, our team assumed that the surface-coated liposomes might improve the physicochemical properties of biopharmaceutics classification system class IV drugs such as VOR. The present study aimed to enhance the cytotoxicity and improve cellular uptake using TPGS-coated liposomes in breast cancer cells. Liposomes were fabricated by the film hydration following the probe ultra-sonication method. OR-LIPO and TPGS-VOR-LIPO showed an average particle size of 211.97 ± 3.42 nm with PDI 0.2168 ± 0.006 and 176.99 ± 2.06 nm with PDI 0.175 ± 0.018, respectively. TPGS-coated liposomes had better stability and revealed more than 80 % encapsulation efficiency than conventional liposomes. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the TPGS coating around liposomes. Moreover, TPGS-coated liposomes enhanced the solubility and showed sustained release of VOR over 48 h. DSC and PXRD analysis also reveal an amorphous state of VOR within the liposomal formulation. MTT assay result indicates that the superior cytotoxic effect of surface-modified liposomes contrasts with the conventional and free VOR solution, respectively. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry results also presented an enhanced cellular uptake of TPGS-coated liposomes against breast cancer cells, respectively. The current investigation's final results declared that TPGS-coated liposomes are promising drug carriers for the effective delivery of hydrophobic drugs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Farooq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Huang Xinyu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Amna Jabeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lahore College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anam Ahsan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, PR China
| | - Theodora Amanda Seidu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Perpetua Takunda Kutoka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China.
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Central composite design-based optimization of lopinavir vitamin E-TPGS micelle: In vitro characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111149. [PMID: 32590243 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at formulating Lopinavir loaded Vitamin E-TPGS micelles to enhance its oral bioavailability. Lopinavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor with low aqueous solubility leading to poor oral bioavailability and thus frequent dosing. Drug loaded micelles were fabricated using thin film hydration technique and optimized by two-factor five-level central composite design. For this purpose independent variables selected were TPGS to drug ratio and rotational speed of rotary evaporator, whereas dependent variables chosen were particle size and % entrapment efficiency. The effect of an independent variable on the dependent variable was studied by generating a quadratic polynomial model. Results of in vitro characterization showed that prepared lopinavir micelles exhibited particle size 91.71 nm, polydispersity index 0.129, zeta potential -24.8 mV, entrapment efficiency 99.36 ± 1.06% and drug loading 20.83 ± 1.23%. Results of DSC and P-XRD evaluation revealed that drugs were successfully encapsulated inside the Vitamin E-TPGS micelles. In vitro release studies displayed enhancement in drug dissolution as a result of its loading into micelles. TEM images showed that micelles were spherical. On oral administration of lopinavir micelles; the relative bioavailability was boosted by 3.17 folds compared to lopinavir suspensions. Thus, we can conclude that TPGS based micelles possess the prodigious potential to overcome the challenges of current HAART therapy.
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Bajracharya R, Song JG, Back SY, Han HK. Recent Advancements in Non-Invasive Formulations for Protein Drug Delivery. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:1290-1308. [PMID: 31921395 PMCID: PMC6944732 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in biotechnology and protein engineering expand the availability of various therapeutic proteins including vaccines, antibodies, hormones, and growth factors. In addition, protein drugs hold many therapeutic advantages over small synthetic drugs in terms of high specificity and activity. This has led to further R&D investment in protein-based drug products and an increased number of drug approvals for therapeutic proteins. However, there are many biological and biopharmaceutical obstacles inherent to protein drugs including physicochemical and enzymatic destabilization, which limit their development and clinical application. Therefore, effective formulations of therapeutic proteins are needed to overcome the various physicochemical and biological barriers. In current medical practice, protein drugs are predominantly available in injectable formulations, which have disadvantages including pain, the possibility of infection, high cost, and low patient compliance. Consequently, non-invasive drug delivery systems for therapeutic proteins have gained great attention in the research and development of biomedicines. Therefore, this review covers the various formulation approaches to optimizing the delivery properties of protein drugs with an emphasis on improving bioavailability and patient compliance. It provides a comprehensive update on recent advancements in nanotechnologies with regard to non-invasive protein drug delivery systems, which is also categorized by the route of administrations including oral, nasal, transdermal, pulmonary, ocular, and rectal delivery systems.
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Zhou M, Zhang X, Xie J, Qi R, Lu H, Leporatti S, Chen J, Hu Y. pH-Sensitive Poly(β-amino ester)s Nanocarriers Facilitate the Inhibition of Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E952. [PMID: 30463238 PMCID: PMC6267427 DOI: 10.3390/nano8110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains an unmet challenge in chemotherapy. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers emerge as a promising tool to overcome MDR. Herein, pH-sensitive poly(β-amino ester)s polymers (PHP)-based micellar nanoparticles were synthesized for enhanced doxorubicin (DOX) delivery in drug resistant breast cancer MCF-7/ADR cells. DOX-loaded PHP micelles showed rapid cell-internalization and lysosomal escape in MCF-7/ADR cells. The cytotoxicity assays showed relatively higher cell inhibition of DOX-loaded PHP micelles than that of free DOX against MCF-7/ADR cells. Further mechanistic studies showed that PHP micelles were able to inhibit P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity by lowering mitochondrial membrane potentials and ATP levels. These results suggested that the enhanced antitumor effect might be attributed to PHP-mediated lysosomal escape and drug efflux inhibition. Therefore, PHP would be a promising pH-responsive nanocarrier for enhanced intracellular drug delivery and overcoming MDR in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multidisciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Jin Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multidisciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Rongxiang Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multidisciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Huiru Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multidisciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Polo di Nanotecnologia, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Jun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multidisciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multidisciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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14
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Pham CV, Baek JS, Park JH, Jung SH, Kang JS, Cho CW. A thorough analysis of the effect of surfactant/s on the solubility and pharmacokinetics of (S)-zaltoprofen. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 14:435-444. [PMID: 32104472 PMCID: PMC7032178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, there are no publications about the preformulation studies on (S)-zaltoprofen ((S)-ZPF). Hence, we first investigated the solubility of (S)-ZPF, screened solubilizers and performed the pharmacokinetic study of (S)-ZPF in the presence of the solubilizers. The measurement of the solubility of (S)-ZPF in 26 different solvents was carried out, including d-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD), and mixtures of individual solvent. The plasma concentration of (S)-ZPF and the amount of (S)-ZPF retained in stomach were determined after oral (35.0 mg/kg) and intravenous (5.0 mg/kg) administration. The solubility of (S)-ZPF showed an increase of 484-fold in TPGS compared to its aqueous solubility. There was a significant increase of AUC0-24 h for pure (S)-ZPF in the TPGS group (813.59 ± 64.17 µg⋅h/ml) in comparison with AUC0-24 h in the HPCD group (595.57 ± 71.76 µg⋅h/ml) and water group (465.57 ± 90.89 µg⋅h/ml). In addition, the Tmax of (S)-ZPF in the TPGS group was 2 h, much faster than that in the HPCD or water groups (5.50 or 5.67 h, respectively). This suggested that TPGS played a significant role in the increase of solubility and bioavailability of (S)-ZPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Viet Pham
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suep Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hun Park
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong-Weon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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15
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Microemulsions based on TPGS and isostearic acid for imiquimod formulation and skin delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 125:223-231. [PMID: 30316975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Imiquimod (IMQ) is an immunostimulant drug topically used for the treatment of actinic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma. IMQ formulation and skin delivery is difficult because of its very low solubility in the most of pharmaceutical excipients and very poor skin penetration properties. The purpose of this study was to develop a microemulsion to optimize imiquimod skin delivery using d‑α‑tocopherol polyethylene glycol-1000 succinate (TPGS) as surfactant (so as to take advantage of its thickening properties) and isostearic acid as oil phase. This fatty acid was selected since it has demonstrated a good solubilizing power for imiquimod and it has also shown to contribute to its therapeutic activity. We have built pseudo-ternary diagrams using two different co-surfactants (Transcutol® and propylene glycol - PG) in a 1:1 ratio with TPGS and then selected microemulsions in the clear and viscous regions of the diagrams. The systems were characterized in terms of rheology and X-ray scattering; additionally, the capability to promote IMQ skin uptake was evaluated ex-vivo on a porcine skin model. All the formulations selected in the gel-microemulsion regions behaved as viscoelastic solids; X-rays scattering experiments revealed in all cases the presence of an ordered lamellar structure, but with differences in terms of interlamellar distance and flexibility between Transcutol® and PG-containing systems. A higher flexibility and a greater hydrophobic volume, possibly interconnected at some point, was associated to the use of Transcutol® and had an impact on the microemulsion capacity to solubilize IMQ as well as on the capability to enhance drug uptake into the skin. The best performing gel-like microemulsion was composed of ≈26% of water, ≈21% of isostearic acid, ≈26% of TPGS and ≈27% of Transcutol® and accumulated, after 6 h of contact, 3.0 ± 1.1 μg/cm2 of IMQ. This value is higher than the one reported in the literature for the commercial cream (1.9 ± 0.8 μg/cm2), despite the 4-times lower concentration of the vehicle (13 mg/g for the microemulsion vs 50 mg/g for the commercial cream).
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16
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Kim KT, Kim MH, Park JH, Lee JY, Cho HJ, Yoon IS, Kim DD. Microemulsion-based hydrogels for enhancing epidermal/dermal deposition of topically administered 20( S)-protopanaxadiol: in vitro and in vivo evaluation studies. J Ginseng Res 2018; 42:512-523. [PMID: 30337812 PMCID: PMC6190503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (20S-PPD) is a fully deglycosylated ginsenoside metabolite and has potent dermal antiaging activity. However, because of its low aqueous solubility and large molecular size, a suitable formulation strategy is required to improve its solubility and skin permeability, thereby enhancing its skin deposition. Thus, we optimized microemulsion (ME)-based hydrogel (MEH) formulations for the topical delivery of 20S-PPD. METHODS MEs and MEHs were formulated and evaluated for their particle size distribution, morphology, drug loading capacity, and stability. Then, the deposition profiles of the selected 20S-PPD-loaded MEH formulation were studied using a hairless mouse skin model and Strat-M membrane as an artificial skin model. RESULTS A Carbopol-based MEH system of 20S-PPD was successfully prepared with a mean droplet size of 110 nm and narrow size distribution. The formulation was stable for 56 d, and its viscosity was high enough for its topical application. It significantly enhanced the in vitro and in vivo skin deposition of 20S-PPD with no influence on its systemic absorption in hairless mice. Notably, it was found that the Strat-M membrane provided skin deposition data well correlated to those obtained from the in vitro and in vivo mouse skin studies on 20S-PPD (correlation coefficient r 2 = 0.929‒0.947). CONCLUSION The MEH formulation developed in this study could serve as an effective topical delivery system for poorly soluble ginsenosides and their deglycosylated metabolites, including 20S-PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Taek Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hwan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Han SM, Baek JS, Kim MS, Hwang SJ, Cho CW. Surface modification of paclitaxel-loaded liposomes using d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate: Enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in multidrug resistant breast cancer cells. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 213:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Kim DS, Yang ES, Yong CS, Youn YS, Oh KT, Li DX, Kim JO, Jin SG, Choi HG. Effect of inorganic mesoporous carriers on 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol-loaded solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system: Physicochemical characterization and bioavailability in rats. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:331-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Tan S, Zou C, Zhang W, Yin M, Gao X, Tang Q. Recent developments in d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol-succinate-based nanomedicine for cancer therapy. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1831-1842. [PMID: 29182031 PMCID: PMC8241040 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1406561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains an obstacle to be surmounted by humans. As an FDA-approved biocompatible drug excipient, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) has been widely applied in drug delivery system (DDS). Along with in-depth analyses of TPGS-based DDS, increasingly attractive results have revealed that TPGS is able to act not only as a simple drug carrier but also as an assistant molecule with various bio-functions to improve anticancer efficacy. In this review, recent advances in TPGS-based DDS are summarized. TPGS can inhibit P-glycoprotein, enhance drug absorption, induce mitochondrial-associated apoptosis or other apoptotic pathways, promote drug penetration and tumor accumulation, and even inhibit tumor metastasis. As a result, many formulations, by using original TPGS, TPGS-drug conjugates or TPGS copolymers, were prepared, and as expected, an enhanced therapeutic effect was achieved in different tumor models, especially in multidrug resistant and metastatic tumors. Although the mechanisms by which TPGS participates in such functions are not yet very clear, considering its effectiveness in tumor treatment, TPGS-based DDS appears to be one of the best candidates for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songwei Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenming Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxing Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueqin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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20
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Telò I, Favero ED, Cantù L, Frattini N, Pescina S, Padula C, Santi P, Sonvico F, Nicoli S. Gel-like TPGS-Based Microemulsions for Imiquimod Dermal Delivery: Role of Mesostructure on the Uptake and Distribution into the Skin. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3281-3289. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Telò
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Del Favero
- Department
of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, LITA, University of Milan, Via F.lli Cervi, 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Laura Cantù
- Department
of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, LITA, University of Milan, Via F.lli Cervi, 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Noemi Frattini
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Pescina
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Padula
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Santi
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Nicoli
- Food
and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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