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Baer J, Ziegaus S, Schumann M, Geist J, Brinker A. Escaping malnutrition by shifting habitats: A driver of three-spined stickleback invasion in Lake Constance. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:746-757. [PMID: 37984830 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids, and especially long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, are biologically important components in the metabolism of vertebrates, including fish. Essential fatty acids (EFA) are those that in a given animal cannot be synthesized or modified from precursors and must therefore be acquired via the diet. Because EFAs are often unevenly distributed in nature, this requirement may drive species to make behavioral or ecological adaptations to avoid malnutrition. This is especially true for fish like the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) of Upper Lake Constance (ULC), whose recent marine ancestors evolved with access to EFA-rich prey, but which found themselves in an EFA-deficient habitat. An unexpected and unprecedented ecological shift in the ULC stickleback population from the littoral to pelagic zones in 2012 might be linked to EFA availability, triggering ecological release and enabling them to build a hyperabundant population while displacing the former keystone species, the pelagic whitefish Coregonus wartmanni. To test this hypothesis, sticklebacks from the littoral and pelagic zones of ULC were sampled seasonally in two consecutive years, and their stomach contents and fatty acid profiles were analysed. Pelagic sticklebacks were found to possess significantly higher values of an important EFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), especially during autumn. Evaluation of the DHA supply suggests that sticklebacks feeding in the littoral zone during autumn could not meet their DHA requirement, whereas DHA availability in the pelagic zone was surplus to demand. During autumn, pelagic sticklebacks consumed large amounts of DHA-rich prey, that is, copepods, whereas littoral sticklebacks relied mainly mostly on cladocerans, which provide much lower quantities of DHA. Access to pelagic zooplankton in 2012 was possibly facilitated by low densities of previously dominant zooplanktivorous whitefish. The present study offers a convincing physiological explanation for the observed expansion of invasive sticklebacks from the littoral to the pelagic zones of Lake Constance, contributing to a phase shift with severe consequences for fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Baer
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ziegaus
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, Langenargen, Germany
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Life Science Systems, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany
| | - Mark Schumann
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Life Science Systems, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany
| | - Alexander Brinker
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, Langenargen, Germany
- University of Constance, Institute for Limnology, Konstanz, Germany
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Dominant phytoplankton groups as the major source of polyunsaturated fatty acids for hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) in the Meghna estuary Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20980. [PMID: 36470973 PMCID: PMC9722787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropical estuarine ecosystem is fascinating for studying the dynamics of water quality and phytoplankton diversity due to its frequently changing hydrological conditions. Most importantly, phytoplankton is the main supplier of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the coastal food web for fish as they could not synthesize PUFA. This study evaluated seasonal variations of water quality parameters in the Meghna River estuary (MRE), explored how phytoplankton diversity changes according to hydro-chemical parameters, and identified the major phytoplankton groups as the main source of PUFA for hilsa fish. Ten water quality indicators including temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN = nitrate, nitrite, ammonia) and phosphorus, dissolved silica and chlorophyll-a were evaluated. In addition, phytoplankton diversity was assessed in the water and hilsa fish gut. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the spatio-temporal changes in the water quality conditions, and the driving factors in the MRE. Four main components were extracted and explained 75.4% variability of water quality parameters. The most relevant driving factors were dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature, and DIN (nitrate, nitrite and ammonia). These variabilities in physicochemical parameters and dissolved inorganic nutrients caused seasonal variations in two major groups of phytoplankton. Peak abundance of Chlorophyta (green algae) occurred in water in nutrient-rich environments (nitrogen and phosphorus) during the wet (36%) season, while Bacillariophyta (diatoms) were dominant during the dry (32%) season that depleted dissolved silica. Thus, the decrease of green algae and the increase of diatoms in the dry season indicated the potential link to seasonal changes of hydro-chemical parameters. The green algae (53.7%) were the dominant phytoplankton group in the hilsa gut content followed by diatoms (22.6%) and both are contributing as the major source of PUFAs for hilsa fish according to the electivity index as they contain the highest amounts of PUFAs (60 and 28% respectively).
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Kaur A, Singh B, Kaur A, Yadav MP, Singh N. Impact of intermittent frying on chemical properties, fatty acid composition, and oxidative stability of 10 different vegetable oil blends. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amarbir Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
| | - Balwinder Singh
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology Khalsa College Amritsar India
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
| | - Madhav P. Yadav
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture Wyndmoor Pennsylvania USA
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
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Nowsad AA, Al-Shahriar, Hoque MS. Biochemical properties and shelf life of value-added fish cube and powder developed from hilsa shad ( Tenualosa ilisha). Heliyon 2021; 7:e08137. [PMID: 34660934 PMCID: PMC8503861 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) is one of the most popular and tastiest fishes in Southeast Asia because of its unique soft texture, mouth-watering flavor, high nutritive value with high protein, and very high lipid, attractive body shape, and highly appealing shiny appearance. Recently increased productions of hilsa, in association with high demand but very high price, make it to be a good candidate for value-addition. The major challenge of hilsa value addition lies in its high lipid content, while lipids are the reasons for its unique tastiness. Under a national initiative, the present study therefore developed novel methods to prepare hilsa cube and hilsa powder by stabilizing lipids and proteins, which contained the original taste and flavor of hilsa, and had good storability in freezing and room temperature conditions for 6 months. The pre-spawning, moderate size (600–700g) female hilsa was used for product formulation. Proximate composition, biochemical qualities (TVB-N, TMA-N, pH, PV, TBA value, histamine content) of the hilsa cube and powder were analyzed following standard methods and sensory properties were analyzed using a 5-point hedonic scale. The biochemical parameters and sensory properties of the products varied based on ingredients used and the final product states. Both the products were in good quality for 6 months of storage, since cryoprotectants protected the protein quality both during freezing and high-temperature processing. Carotenoid extract from fresh carrots was found to be effective in reducing lipid oxidation in hilsa. Biochemical attributes in all products gradually decreased with storage time (p < 0.05). Almost similar sensory attributes were observed in both hilsa powder and hilsa cube, which were gradually decreased (p > 0.05) with the progress of the storage period. Both the products were within the acceptable quality limit during all storage periods and conditions. The results suggest that hilsa cube and powder have excellent quality standards, storage stability, and the possibility for fortifying ready-to-eat value-added hilsa products for the consumers at home and aboard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alam Akm Nowsad
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Al-Shahriar
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sazedul Hoque
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
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Mishra P, Mohanty AK, Kumar Swain R, Parganiha A, Pati AK. Circannual production rhythms of seven commercially important fishes in the Chilika lagoon. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2020.1750132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanti Mishra
- Aquaculture Production Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Bhubaneswar, India
- School of Zoology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Amita Kumari Mohanty
- Aquaculture Production Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Arti Parganiha
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- Center for Translational Chronobiology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - Atanu Kumar Pati
- School of Zoology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- Center for Translational Chronobiology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
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Kaur A, Singh B, Kaur A, Singh N. Changes in chemical properties and oxidative stability of refined vegetable oils during short‐term deep‐frying cycles. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amarbir Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
| | - Balwinder Singh
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology Khalsa College Amritsar India
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
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Ganguly S, Mitra T, Mahanty A, Mohanty S, Mohanty BP. A comparative metabolomics study on anadromous clupeid Tenualosa ilisha for better understanding the influence of habitat on nutritional composition. Metabolomics 2020; 16:30. [PMID: 32100135 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01655-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fish inhabiting different aquatic habitats adapts to the environment by metabolomic readjustments. Understanding the combined activities of all the metabolic pathways (metabolome) helps in better understanding the complex interactions between gene and environment. OBJECTIVES The anadromous migratory Tenualosa ilisha is a high value food fish comprising the dominant fishery of the rivers Padma and Hooghly. The present study aimed at understanding the influence of the two habitats on the nutritional composition of hilsa. METHODS Metabolite profiling was carried out by GC/MS. De novo assembly of hilsa liver transcriptome was generated under Illumina HiSeq platform and multivariate analysis was employed for correlation and comparison. RESULTS GC/MS fingerprinting showed C16:0, C18:1, C20:5 and C22:6 to be the predominant fatty acids present in hilsa liver, which were also found to be significantly higher in Hooghly hilsa. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with 'lipid metabolism' and 'amino acid metabolism' pathways. Multivariate analysis between the metabolites amino acid, fatty acid and corresponding gene expression showed that few genes of amino acid metabolism (EZH1, ALAS2 and ALDH4A1) positively correlated with individual amino acids (lysine, glycine and glutamate) in Hooghly hilsa. Similarly, the key genes for LC-PUFA biosynthesis (ELOVL5, FADS2, CPT1) showed positive correlation with individual LC-PUFAs (C18:3, C20:4, C20:5, C22:6), indicating higher LC-PUFA biosynthesis potential in Hooghly hilsa. CONCLUSION Comparative metabolomic study in hilsa from the two different habitats showed that the habitats influence the nutritional composition as evidenced by high abundance of amino acids lysine, leucine and arginine and LC-PUFAs C18:3, C20:4, C20:5, C22:6 in Hooghly hilsa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdi Ganguly
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India
| | - Tandrima Mitra
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India
| | - Arabinda Mahanty
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, India
| | - Sasmita Mohanty
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rama Devi Women's' University, Bhubaneswar, 751022, India
| | - Bimal P Mohanty
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India.
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Nutritional profiling of hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) of different size groups and sensory evaluation of their adults from different riverine systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19306. [PMID: 31848425 PMCID: PMC6917730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55845-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional composition of hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha, of different size groups was analyzed to study variations in their composition with the progression of growth, and to correlate it with the flavor of adult hilsa (>800 g size) collected from different riverine systems (Hooghly and Padma). The amino acid analysis revealed significantly higher arginine (P < 0.01), methionine (P < 0.01) and glycine (P < 0.05) contents in samples below 5 g, whereas samples above 800 g had higher (P < 0.01) leucine and isoleucine contents. Total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were lower (P < 0.01) in fish below 5 g as compared to larger size groups (>5 g), whereas docosahexaenoic acid was higher (P < 0.01) in fish below 5 g size. Nutritional composition of adult hilsa (>800 g) from Hooghly and Padma river revealed higher (P < 0.01) aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, palmitoleic and oleic acid in samples from the Padma, whereas leucine and isoleucine contents were higher (P < 0.01) in hilsa from Hooghly. Sensory evaluation test revealed superior (P < 0.05) taste, aroma, and muscle texture of hilsa from the Padma as compared to those from Hooghly. Higher alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, oleic acid, and palmitoleic acid along with higher n3:n6 fatty acid are attributed to the superior taste of hilsa from the Padma.
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9
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Nutritional composition of food fishes and their importance in providing food and nutritional security. Food Chem 2019; 293:561-570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Hossain MAR, Das I, Genevier L, Hazra S, Rahman M, Barange M, Fernandes JA. Biology and fisheries of Hilsa shad in Bay of Bengal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1720-1734. [PMID: 30316090 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) or river shad is an anadromous fish species widely distributed in the North Indian Ocean, mainly in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Hilsa is the national fish of Bangladesh and it contributes 10% of the total fish production of the country, with a market value of $1.74 billion. Hilsa also holds a very important place in the economics of West Bengal of India with 12.5% of the catch and also tops the marine capture in Myanmar. During the last two decades Hilsa production from inland waters has been stable, whereas marine yields in the BoB increased substantially. In order to sustainably manage the trans-boundary stock of Hilsa, the taxonomy, distribution, habitat, migration patterns, population dynamics, fisheries and socio-economics aspects of the fishery have been reviewed here. To achieve a successful trans-boundary management for the Hilsa stock, complete ban on undersize fishing, well-targeted temporal and spatial bans, creation of protected areas in strategic points, incentive for Hilsa fishers and ecological restoration of Hilsa habitats and more work on technological development of Hilsa aquaculture are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A R Hossain
- Department of Fish Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Isha Das
- School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, India
| | - Lily Genevier
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL13 DH, UK
| | - Sugata Hazra
- School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, India
| | - Munsur Rahman
- Institute of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Manuel Barange
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL13 DH, UK; Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy and Resources Division, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), Rome 001536, Italy
| | - Jose A Fernandes
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL13 DH, UK; AZTI, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea, z/g, Pasaia, Gipuzkoa 20110, Spain
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Ganguly S, Mahanty A, Mitra T, Mohanty S, Das BK, Mohanty BP. Nutrigenomic studies on hilsa to evaluate flesh quality attributes and genes associated with fatty acid metabolism from the rivers Hooghly and Padma. Food Res Int 2018; 103:21-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mohanty BP, Sankar TV, Ganguly S, Mahanty A, Anandan R, Chakraborty K, Paul BN, Sarma D, Dayal JS, Mathew S, Asha KK, Mitra T, Karunakaran D, Chanda S, Shahi N, Das P, Das P, Akhtar MS, Vijayagopal P, Sridhar N. Micronutrient Composition of 35 Food Fishes from India and Their Significance in Human Nutrition. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:448-458. [PMID: 27189049 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) are required in small amounts but are essential for health, development, and growth. Micronutrient deficiencies, which affect over two billion people around the globe, are the leading cause of many ailments including mental retardation, preventable blindness, and death during childbirth. Fish is an important dietary source of micronutrients and plays important role in human nutrition. In the present investigation, micronutrient composition of 35 food fishes (includes both finfishes and shellfishes) was investigated from varying aquatic habitats. Macrominerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se) were determined by either atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)/atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Phosphorus content was determined either spectrophotometrically or by ICP-AES. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis showed that, in general, the marine fishes were rich in sodium and potassium; small indigenous fishes (SIFs) in calcium, iron, and manganese; coldwater fishes in selenium; and the brackishwater fishes in phosphorous. The marine fishes Sardinella longiceps and Epinephelus spp. and the SIFs were rich in all fat-soluble vitamins. All these recommendations were made according to the potential contribution (daily value %) of the species to the recommended daily allowance (RDA). Information on the micronutrients generated would enhance the utility of fish in both community and clinical nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal P Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India.
| | - T V Sankar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Satabdi Ganguly
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - Arabinda Mahanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - R Anandan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | | | - B N Paul
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Debajit Sarma
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, India
| | - J Syama Dayal
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India
| | - Suseela Mathew
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - K K Asha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Tandrima Mitra
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - D Karunakaran
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumen Chanda
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Neetu Shahi
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, India
| | - Puspita Das
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, India
| | - Partha Das
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, India
| | | | - P Vijayagopal
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
| | - N Sridhar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
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DHA and EPA Content and Fatty Acid Profile of 39 Food Fishes from India. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4027437. [PMID: 27579313 PMCID: PMC4989070 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4027437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the principal constituent of a variety of cells especially the brain neurons and retinal cells and plays important role in fetal brain development, development of motor skills, and visual acuity in infants, lipid metabolism, and cognitive support and along with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) it plays important role in preventing atherosclerosis, dementia, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and so forth. Being an essential nutrient, it is to be obtained through diet and therefore searching for affordable sources of these ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is important for consumer guidance and dietary counseling. Fish is an important source of PUFA and has unique advantage that there are many food fish species available and consumers have a wide choice owing to availability and affordability. The Indian subcontinent harbors a rich fish biodiversity which markedly varies in their nutrient composition. Here we report the DHA and EPA content and fatty acid profile of 39 important food fishes (including finfishes, shellfishes, and edible molluscs from both marine water and freshwater) from India. The study showed that fishes Tenualosa ilisha, Sardinella longiceps, Nemipterus japonicus, and Anabas testudineus are rich sources of DHA and EPA. Promotion of these species as DHA rich species would enhance their utility in public health nutrition.
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Mahanty A, Mishra S, Bosu R, Maurya U, Netam SP, Sarkar B. Phytoextracts-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Inhibit Bacterial Fish Pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Indian J Microbiol 2013; 53:438-46. [PMID: 24426148 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-013-0409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish disease is a major stumbling block towards sustainable growth of the fisheries sector. Aeromonas hydrophila, which is a major infectious aquatic pathogen is reportedly the causative agent of ulcers, fin-rot, tail-rot, hemorrhagic septicemia in fish, and has reportedly developed resistance against many of the available antibiotics. In this context, the inhibitory function of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against A. hydrophila was studied to evaluate its possible application in aquaculture as alternative to antibiotics. AgNPs were synthesized using the leaf extracts of subtropical plants Mangifera indica (Mango), Eucalyptus terticornis (Eucalyptus), Carica papaya (Papaya) and Musa paradisiaca (Banana). The absorbance maxima, size range and shape of the AgNPs as characterized by the UV-Vis spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were, Mangifera-442, 50-65 nm, ovular; Eucalyptus-465, 60-150 nm, oval; Carica-442, 25-40 nm, round, irregular; and Musa-454, 10-50 nm, round, irregular, respectively. Well-diffusion of these AgNPs for their antimicrobial characteristics exhibited that, the papaya leaf extract synthesized AgNPs had maximum antimicrobial activity at 153.6 μg/ml concentrations, and that from the eucalyptus leaves was least effective. As observed, the potency of the nanoparticles enhanced with the decrease in particle size, from 60-150 nm in eucalyptus to 25-40 nm in papaya. Due to its purely natural sourcing, phytosynthesized AgNPs can be applied as alternative to antibiotics and other biocides as a cost-effective and eco-friendly therapeutic agent against A. hydrophila stimulated diseases in aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabinda Mahanty
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal India ; School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Ranadhir Bosu
- Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal India
| | - Uk Maurya
- National Institute Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | | | - Biplab Sarkar
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India ; National Institute Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra India
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