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Priyadarsani S, Sanghamitra P, Kumar G, Basak N, Sarkar S, Chattopadhyay K. Effect of tertiary processing on physical, optical, phytochemical as well as rheological properties of high-protein rice. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024:10820132241232714. [PMID: 38414353 DOI: 10.1177/10820132241232714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The first high-protein rice variety of India, CR Dhan 310, developed at ICAR-NRRI, Cuttack is being selected for the study. It contains 10.1% protein in milled rice as compared to 6-7% protein content in the milled rice of any other normal variety. It has intermediate amylose content (25.1%), medium bold grains rich in protein (10.1%) The significant changes in properties of raw and parboiled rice on processing were studied at statistical differences of p ≤ 0.05. These properties included physical, optical, antioxidant and rheological properties which changed with different processing techniques. All the three processes namely, puffing, popping and flaking increased the dimensions as compared to the raw rice. Peak viscosity measurements demonstrated the breakdown of starch molecules, with white rice having the greatest value (4145 cP) and popped rice having the lowest value (2017 cP) as a result of the starch granules being gelatinized during the production of popped rice. Highest anthocyanin content (2.93 mg/100 g) was observed in puffed rice, phenolic content (347.93 mg/100 g) was highest in popped rice and flaked/flattened rice showed highest flavonoid content (127.12 mg/100 g) indicating that tertiary processing of rice obtained higher values of phytochemicals when compared to the plain high-protein rice. This indicates that the processed products of rice can be consumed directly as ready-to-eat or can be used in preparation of other functional foods to combat malnutrition and build nutritional security. The study indicates that processing could improve the nutritional quality of the rice products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gaurav Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Nabaneeta Basak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sutapa Sarkar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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Jha S, Sarkhel S, Saha S, Sahoo B, Kumari A, Chatterjee K, Mazumder PM, Sarkhel G, Mohan A, Roy A. Expanded porous-starch matrix as an alternative to porous starch granule: Present status, challenges, and future prospects. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113771. [PMID: 38129003 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposing the hydrated-soft-starch matrix of intact grain or reconstituted flour dough to a high-temperature-short-time (HTST) leads to rapid vapor generation that facilitates high-pressure build-up in its elastic matrix linked to large deformation and expansion. The expanded starch matrix at high temperatures dries up quickly by flash vaporization of water, which causes loss of its structural flexibility and imparts a porous and rigid structure of the expanded porous starch matrix (EPSM). EPSM, with abundant pores in its construction, offers adsorptive effectiveness, solubility, swelling ability, mechanical strength, and thermal stability. It can be a sustainable and easy-to-construct alternative to porous starch (PS) in food and pharmaceutical applications. This review is a comparative study of PS and EPSM on their preparation methods, structure, and physicochemical properties, finding compatibility and addressing challenges in recommending EPSM as an alternative to PS in adsorbing, dispersing, stabilizing, and delivering active ingredients in a controlled and efficient way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Jha
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Shubhajit Sarkhel
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Sreyajit Saha
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Bijendra Sahoo
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Ankanksha Kumari
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Kaberi Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Papiya Mitra Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Gautam Sarkhel
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Anand Mohan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Anupam Roy
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Centre for Food Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology - Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India.
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Singh J, Kaur S, Rasane P, Kumar V, Nanda V. Effect of particle size on physical, techno‐functional and antioxidant properties of corn silk powder. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Sawinder Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Prasad Rasane
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana Punjab 141027 India
| | - Vikas Nanda
- Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Sangrur
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Singh J, Rasane P, Kaur S, Nanda V. Comparative analysis of antioxidant potential and techno-functional properties of selected corn silk varieties at different developmental stages. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Taylor JRN, Duodu KG. Resistant‐Type Starch in Sorghum Foods – Factors Involved and Health Implications. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R. N. Taylor
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Kwaku G. Duodu
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
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Impact of the popping process on the structural and thermal properties of sorghum grains (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Food Chem 2021; 348:129092. [PMID: 33529940 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The popping process has been widely used as a technique for obtaining snacks. This study evaluated the effect of the popping process on the structural and thermal properties of sorghum. Seven varieties of sorghum were used. Raw sorghum grains were adjusted to 11% moisture and popped at 210 °C for 90 s with hot air. Microstructure, thermal and viscosity properties, and X-Ray and infrared spectrum were measured in raw and popped sorghum. The popping process produced an ordered honeycomb-like structure in the sorghum. The viscosity profile showed an increase in the thermal stability of popped sorghum. DSC measurements showed a starch gelatinization and a second transition about to 145 °C. XRD diffractograms display a reduction in the amplitude of the crystalline orthorhombic structure peaks. Finally, infrared indicated a change in the short-range structure and protein denaturation due to the popping process.
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