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Cui Z, Qiu Z, Cheng W, Hu W, Ma G, Cai X, Jin Y, Zhao Y, He L, Li Y, Bu P, Chen X, Wang R, Chen L, Dong P, Feng L, Han X, Hong M, Hou Y, Liao M, Wang M, Wang X, Xie J, Xu Y, Wang Z, Huang K, Li Y, Li D, Ji X, Huang J, Wang J, Fang D, Wang J, Tang L, Liu Y, Fu G, Du J, Wang L, Liu M, Ge J. Efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil‑amlodipine besylate tablets (Sevikar ®) in older patients with essential hypertension: Subgroup analysis from the Sevikar study. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:51. [PMID: 38234624 PMCID: PMC10790165 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential hypertension is a notable threat for the older (age, ≥65 years) population. However, to the best of our knowledge, a real-world study assessing olmesartan medoxomil-amlodipine besylate (OM-AML) tablets in older Chinese patients with essential hypertension has not been performed. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OM-AML tablets in these patients. A total of 463 older Chinese patients with essential hypertension treated with OM-AML (20/5 mg) tablets (Sevikar®) were analyzed in a prospective, single-arm, multi-center, real-world study. Seated systolic blood pressure (SeSBP) and seated diastolic blood pressure (SeDBP) at baseline, and at week (W)4 and W8 after OM-AML tablet administration were measured. The mean ± standard error change of SeSBP/SeDBP was -10.3±0.8/-4.6±0.5 and -12.5±0.8/-5.6±0.5 mmHg at W4 and W8, respectively. At W4, 74.1 and 26.8% of patients achieved BP target according to the China and American Heart Association (AHA) criteria, while at W8, 78.0 and 38.7% of patients reached these BP targets accordingly. Finally, 76.5 and 80.5% of patients achieved BP response at W4 and W8, respectively. Furthermore, home-measured SeSBP and SeDBP were significantly decreased from W1 to W8 (both P<0.001). Additionally, the satisfaction of both patients and physicians was elevated at W8 compared with at W0 (both P<0.001). The medication possession rate from baseline to W4 and W8 was 95.5 and 92.5%. The most common drug-associated adverse events by system organ classes were nervous system disorder (4.5%), vascular disorder (2.8%), and general disorder and administration site conditions (2.6%), which were generally mild. In conclusion, OM-AML tablets may be considered effective and safe in lowering BP, enabling the achievement of guideline-recommended BP targets in older Chinese patients with essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqiang Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Yafei Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510062, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Dalian Jinzhou First People's Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116199, P.R. China
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Peili Bu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250063, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, P.R. China
| | - Ruxing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Peng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100123, P.R. China
| | - Liuliu Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Xuebin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital (Shanxi Cardiovascular Diseases Institute), Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P.R. China
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong First Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, P.R. China
| | - Minlei Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Baoshan Branch, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201999, P.R. China
| | - Mingliang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai 200060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Affiliated Jiang Nan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214043, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 314408, P.R. China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430073, P.R. China
| | - Yongle Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325099, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jing'an District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Danhong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325015, P.R. China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Yingwu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Medical Department, Daiichi Sankyo (China) Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Medical Department, Daiichi Sankyo (China) Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- Medical Department, Daiichi Sankyo (China) Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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2
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Alqahtani A, Alqahtani T, Gahtani RM, Ramzy S. Green spectrofluorimetric quantification of aspirin, olmesartan, and metoprolol in spiked human plasma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20182. [PMID: 37978204 PMCID: PMC10656536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Low dose aspirin is routinely taken with antihypertensive drugs such as olmesartan and metoprolol to avoid the cardiovascular and renal outcomes associated with high blood pressure. The first spectrofluorimetric method for quantifying aspirin, olmesartan, and metoprolol in spiked human plasma is described here. The emission/excitation wavelengths of Aspirin, olmesartan, and metoprolol were 404 nm/290 nm, 372 nm/250 nm, and 302 nm/230 nm, respectively. The native fluorescence spectra of metoprolol do not overlap with those of aspirin or olmesartan, although the spectra of aspirin and olmesartan overlap. As a result, metoprolol could be measured directly in a mixture at 302 nm following excitation at 230 nm. Using synchronous fluorescence spectrometry at Δλ = 110 allowed for the determination of olmesartan at 364 nm with no interference from aspirin and metoprolol. Coupling the synchronous fluorescence spectrometry with second-order derivative allowed for the determination of aspirin at 426 nm with no interference from olmesartan and metoprolol. The suggested approach has been validated using ICH M10 criteria for bioanalytical method validation and was effectively utilized for quantification of tested medications in human plasma with reasonable accuracy and precision findings. Furthermore, using two greenness metrics, the Green Analytical Procedure Index and the Analytical GREEnness, the suggested method obtained a high greenness score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M Gahtani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif Ramzy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt.
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Xue A, Fowler MR, Silverman J, Sturkie E, Raff E. A Rare Case of Olmesartan-Associated Enteropathy Successfully Managed With Steroid Taper. Cureus 2023; 15:e41604. [PMID: 37559845 PMCID: PMC10409520 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Olmesartan is a commonly used antihypertensive medication belonging to the class of angiotensin II receptor blockers. Though generally well-tolerated, olmesartan can rarely cause olmesartan-associated enteropathy (OAE) with non-bloody diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Patients may develop enteropathy months to years after drug initiation. In severe cases, patients may develop complications that require hospitalization. Diagnosis is often delayed due to unfamiliarity of OAE, nonspecific presenting symptoms, and normal-appearing gross endoscopic findings. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with biopsy is essential to the diagnosis, showing sprue-like enteropathy with intestinal villous atrophy and mucosal inflammation. This report describes a case of a 70-year-old man who presented with three months of profuse watery diarrhea and 40-pound unintentional weight loss. After an extensive workup, including EGD with duodenal biopsies, the patient was diagnosed with OAE. The biopsies showed findings consistent with acute and chronic duodenitis, mucosal desquamation and ulceration, blunting of villi, and a sprue-like pattern with neutrophils. Celiac serologies and anti-enterocyte antibodies were negative, further supporting the diagnosis of OAE. Complete resolution of symptoms was achieved by discontinuing olmesartan and administering a steroid taper. Considering the frequent use of olmesartan, the increasing occurrence of OAE, and the wide range of associated symptoms, it is crucial for providers to recognize OAE and consider early discontinuation of olmesartan. This approach can help prevent further intestinal damage, protracted symptoms, unnecessary diagnostic tests, and financial burdens on both patients and the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Xue
- Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Mark R Fowler
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Jan Silverman
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Emily Sturkie
- Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Evan Raff
- Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
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Farag SM, Rabea HM, Abdelrahim ME, Mahmoud HB. Target Blood Pressure and Combination Therapy: Focus on Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Combination with Either Calcium Channel Blockers or Beta Blockers. Curr Hypertens Rev 2022; 18:138-144. [PMID: 36508272 DOI: 10.2174/1573402118666220627120254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The target blood pressure has changed many times in the guidelines in past years. However, there is always a question; is it good to lower blood pressure below 120/80 or not? Control of blood pressure in hypertension is very important in reducing hypertension-modified organ damage. So, the guidelines recommend combining more than one antihypertensive drug to reach the target blood pressure goal. RESULTS Combination therapy is recommended by guidelines to reach the blood pressure goal. The guidelines recommend many combinations, such as the combination of angiotensin receptor blockers with either calcium channel blockers (CCB) or beta-blocker (BB). Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) combination with CCB has gained superiority over other antihypertension drug combinations because it reduces blood pressure and decreases the incidence of CV events and organ damage. BB combinations are recommended by guidelines in patients with ischemic events but not all hypertensive patients. Unfortunately, the new generation BB, for example, nebivolol, has a vasodilator effect, making it new hope for BB. CONCLUSION Combination therapy is a must in treating the hypertensive patient. The new generation BBs may change the recommendations of guidelines because they have an effect that is similar to CCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvia M Farag
- Cardiovascular Department, Beni-Suef University Hospital, Egypt
| | - Hoda M Rabea
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ea Abdelrahim
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hesham B Mahmoud
- Department of Cardiology, Beni-Suef University Hospital, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Lu J, Li X, Yuan S, Wang Y, Sun H, Weng W, Shi Y, Wang X, Huang K, Sun X, Wu T. Identification, Synthesis, and Comprehension of an Imidazole N-3 Regioisomeric Impurity of Olmesartan Medoxomil Key Intermediate. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Lu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shun Yuan
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yinquan Wang
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Han Sun
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weizhao Weng
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yinfei Shi
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kongcheng Huang
- State Key Lab of New Drug & Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Taizhi Wu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Novel allosteric ligands of the angiotensin receptor AT1R as autoantibody blockers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019126118. [PMID: 34380734 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019126118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While orthosteric ligands of the angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1R) are available for clinical and research applications, allosteric ligands are not known for this important G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Allosteric ligands are useful tools to modulate receptor pharmacology and subtype selectivity. Here, we report AT1R allosteric ligands for a potential application to block autoimmune antibodies. The epitope of autoantibodies for AT1R is outside the orthosteric pocket in the extracellular loop 2. A molecular dynamics simulation study of AT1R structure reveals the presence of a druggable allosteric pocket encompassing the autoantibody epitope. Small molecule binders were then identified for this pocket using structure-based high-throughput virtual screening. The top 18 hits obtained inhibited the binding of antibody to AT1R and modulated agonist-induced calcium response of AT1R. Two compounds out of 18 studied in detail exerted a negative allosteric modulator effect on the functions of the natural agonist AngII. They blocked antibody-enhanced calcium response and reactive oxygen species production in vascular smooth muscle cells as well as AngII-induced constriction of blood vessels, demonstrating their efficacy in vivo. Our study thus demonstrates the feasibility of discovering inhibitors of the disease-causing autoantibodies for GPCRs. Specifically, for AT1R, we anticipate development of more potent allosteric drug candidates for intervention in autoimmune maladies such as preeclampsia, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and the rejection of organ transplants.
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8
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Kumar A, Dwivedi SP, Prasad T. Method Validation for Simultaneous Quantification of Olmesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Human Plasma Using LC-MS/MS and Its Application Through Bioequivalence Study in Healthy Volunteers. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:810. [PMID: 31396085 PMCID: PMC6664239 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A new, simple, sensitive, selective, rapid, and high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of Olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in human plasma. Simple liquid–liquid extraction procedure was applied for plasma sample pretreatment using a mixture of diethyl ether and dichloromethane, as an extraction solution. Analytes were separated on UNISOL C18 150*4.6 mm, 5 µm column using methanol, and 2 mM ammonium acetate pH 5.5 (80:20, v/v) as a mobile phase and detected by electrospray ionization in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The mass transition ion pairs were followed in negative ion mode as m/z 445.20 → 148.90 for Olmesartan; m/z 451.40 → 154.30 for Olmesartan D6 and m/z 295.80 → 205.10 for hydrochlorothiazide; m/z 298.90 → 206.30 for hydrochlorothiazide 13C D2. The method showed excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99) over the concentration range of 5.002–2,599.934 ng/ml for Olmesartan and from 3.005 to 499.994 ng/ml for hydrochlorothiazide. Precision (% CV) and accuracy (% bias) for Olmesartan were found in the range of 3.07–9.02% and −5.00–0.00%, respectively. Precision (% CV) and accuracy (% bias) for hydrochlorothiazide were found in the range of 3.32–8.21% and 1.99–3.80%, respectively. This as developed novel and high-throughput liquid–liquid extraction bioanalytical method has substantial innovative value with the benefits of cost effectiveness, good extraction efficiency, shorter analysis run time, low organic solvent consumption, and simpler procedure over the previously reported solid-phase extraction method. The application of this method in pharmacokinetic studies was further demonstrated successfully through a bioequivalence study conducted on healthy human subjects, following oral administration of combined formulation of Olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in fixed-dose tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, IFTM University, Moradabad, India.,Advanced Instrumentation Research & Facility (AIRF) and Special Centre for Nano Sciences (SCNS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Tulika Prasad
- Advanced Instrumentation Research & Facility (AIRF) and Special Centre for Nano Sciences (SCNS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Omboni S, Volpe M. Management of arterial hypertension with angiotensin receptor blockers: Current evidence and the role of olmesartan. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 36:e12471. [PMID: 30358114 PMCID: PMC6587798 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality burden related to cardio‐metabolic risk. Current guidelines indicate that controlling and lowering BP promotes cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction. Among antihypertensive agents, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are characterized by an efficacy profile equivalent to other antihypertensive agents and are provided with excellent tolerability and low discontinuation rates during chronic treatments. Moreover, CV outcomes are reduced by ARBs. Olmesartan is a long‐lasting ARB which proved to achieve a comparable or more effective action in lowering BP when compared to other ARBs. Olmesartan, in fact, displayed a larger and more sustained antihypertensive effect over the 24 hours, with a buffering effect on short‐term BP variability. These are important features which differentiate olmesartan from the other principles of the same class and that may help to control the increased CV risk in the presence of high BP variability. Olmesartan shows similar benefits as other ARBs in terms of all‐cause and CV mortality, and a favorable tolerability profile. Combination of olmesartan with long‐lasting calcium‐channel blockers and thiazide diuretics represents a rational and effective therapy. Thus, ARBs, including olmesartan, represent one of the most effective and safe treatments for patients with arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Omboni
- Clinical Research Unit, Italian Institute of Telemedicine, Varese, Italy.,Scientific Research Department of Cardiology, Science and Technology Park for Biomedicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Chair and Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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