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Alqarni LS, Alghamdi MD, Alshahrani AA, Alotaibi NF, Moustafa SMN, Ashammari K, Alruwaili IA, Nassar AM. Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine-B and Water Densification via Eco-Friendly Synthesized Cr 2O 3 and Ag@Cr 2O 3 Using Garlic Peel Aqueous Extract. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:289. [PMID: 38334561 PMCID: PMC10857512 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The purification and densification of wastewater play an important role in water recycling, especially if the materials used in water recycling are other types of recycled waste. Therefore, considering this view in this study, the biosynthesis of silver-decorated chromium oxide nanoparticles utilizing a wasted Allium sativum (garlic) peel extract is investigated. The aqueous extract of garlic peel (GPE) was treated with silver nitrate, chromium nitrate, and a mixture of silver nitrate and chromium nitrate to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag-garlic), chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3-garlic), and silver-decorated chromium oxide nanoparticles (Ag@Cr2O3-garlic), respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were elucidated via thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectra (FT-IR), absorption spectra (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Antimicrobial activity studies were conducted against waterborne germs, bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and fungal strains (Alternaria porri, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fuserium oxysporum, and Trichoderma longibrachiatum) and showed significant levels of antimicrobial activity. The results revealed that Ag@Cr2O3 significantly improved antimicrobial activity due to their synergistic effect. The photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles was assessed using Rhodamine B dye (5 ppm) under solar irradiation. Cr2O3-garlic exhibited the best activity as a photocatalyst among the studied nanoparticles, with 97.5% degradation efficiency under optimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila S. Alqarni
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha D. Alghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al-Baha 65799, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Aisha A. Alshahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, P.O. Box 1988, Al-Baha 65799, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Nasser F. Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.F.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | | | - Khulaif Ashammari
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibtihal A. Alruwaili
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.F.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Amr Mohammad Nassar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; (N.F.A.); (I.A.A.)
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Nkwoada AU, Onyedika G, Oguzie E, Ogwuegbu M. Development of PSA@PS-TiO 2 nanocomposite photocatalyst: structure, mechanism, and application using response surface designs and molecular modeling. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:2701-2726. [PMID: 37318919 PMCID: wst_2023_148 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using periwinkle shell ash (PSA) and polystyrene (PS), a new-fangled PSA@PS-TiO2 photocatalyst was fabricated. The morphological images of all the samples studied using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) showed a size distribution of 50-200 nm for all samples. The SEM-EDX showed that the membrane substrate of PS was well dispersed, confirming the presence of anatase/rutile phases of TiO2, and Ti and O2 were the major composites. Given the very rough surface morphology (atomic force microscopy (AFM)) due to PSA, the main crystal phases (XRD) of TiO2 (rutile and anatase), low bandgap (UVDRS), and beneficial functional groups (FTIR-ATR), the 2.5 wt.% of PSA@PS-TiO2 exhibited better photocatalytic efficiency for methyl orange degradation. The photocatalyst, pH, and initial concentration were investigated and the PSA@PS-TiO2 was reused for five cycles with the same efficiency. Regression modeling predicted 98% efficiency and computational modeling showed a nucleophilic initial attack initiated by a nitro group. Therefore, PSA@PS-TiO2 nanocomposite is an industrially promising photocatalyst for treating azo dyes, particularly, methyl orange from an aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarachi Udoka Nkwoada
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail:
| | - Gerald Onyedika
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail:
| | - Emeka Oguzie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail: ; Africa Centre of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems (ACE-FUELS), Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Martin Ogwuegbu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail:
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