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Hejazi F, Zare F, Asgari M. Enhanced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in coral-incorporated PCL/elastin scaffold enables 3D defect healing in osteoporosis rat model. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134483. [PMID: 39102909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
In osteoporosis, bone quality adversely affects the tissue structural competence which increases the risk of a complicated fracture healing. In the present study highly potent scaffold containing natural coral particles was designed and considered for the healing of critical size bone defect in osteoporosis rat model. Scaffold morphological evaluation confirmed the porous nanofibrous structure. Water uptake of about 900 % was obtained for the fabricated scaffold as the result of its composition and three-dimensional structure. Mechanical analysis revealed the compressive modulus of about 50 kPa for the fabricated coral-incorporated nanofibrous structure. In vitro cellular assessments revealed that the designed scaffold induces no toxicity and provides the proper substrate for cell attachment together with increased and prolonged cell proliferation. In vivo experiments demonstrated that implantation of the fabricated scaffold in the femoral defects of osteoporotic rats significantly increased the number of osteocytes and osteoblasts, and enhanced the BTV, and BMP-2 expression compared with the control group. Furthermore, it was observed that seeding the scaffolds with MSCs prior to implantation, resulted in substantial improvements in mRNA expression of the BMP-2 and VEGF genes and considerable enhancement in stereological findings such as significantly higher number of osteoblasts, osteocytes, TVB, and BTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hejazi
- Faculty of advanced technologies, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Zare
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Asgari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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2
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Sadeghi-Ghadikolaei M, Vasheghani-Farahani E, Bagheri F, Khorrami Moghaddam A, Mellati A, Karimizade A. Fabrication of 3D chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/brushite nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering by electrospinning using a novel falling film collector. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132874. [PMID: 38838901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite its advantages, electrospinning has limited effectiveness in 3D scaffolding due to the high density of fibers it produces. In this research, a novel electrospinning collector was developed to overcome this constraint. An aqueous suspension containing chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers was prepared employing a unique falling film collector. Suspension molding by freeze-drying resulted in a 3D nanofibrous scaffold (3D-NF). The mineralized scaffold was obtained by brushite deposition on 3D-NF using wet chemical mineralization by new sodium tripolyphosphate and calcium chloride dihydrate precursors. The 3D-NF was optimized and compared with the conventional electrospun 2D nanofibrous scaffold (2D-NF) and the 3D freeze-dried scaffold (3D-FD). Both minor fibrous and major freeze-dried pore shapes were present in 3D-NFs with sizes of 16.11-24.32 μm and 97.64-234.41 μm, respectively. The scaffolds' porosity increased by 53 % to 73 % compared to 2D-NFs. Besides thermal stability, mineralization improved the 3D-NF's ultimate strength and elastic modulus by 2.2 and 4.7 times, respectively. In vitro cell studies using rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells confirmed cell infiltration up to 290 μm and scaffold biocompatibility. The 3D-NFs given nanofibers and brushite inclusion exhibited considerable osteoinductivity. Therefore, falling film collectors can potentially be applied to prepare 3D-NFs from electrospinning without post-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sadeghi-Ghadikolaei
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khorrami Moghaddam
- Radiology and Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Paramedical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Mellati
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ayoob Karimizade
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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PCL-based 3D nanofibrous structure with well-designed morphology and enhanced specific surface area for tissue engineering application. Prog Biomater 2023; 12:113-122. [PMID: 36646866 PMCID: PMC10154450 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering opens a new horizon for biological tissue replacement applications. Scaffolds, appropriate cells, and signaling induction are the main three determinant parameters in any tissue engineering applications. Designing a suitable scaffold which can mimic the cellular inherent and natural habitation is of great importance for cellular growth and proliferation. Just like a natural extracellular matrix (ECM), scaffolds provide the cells with an environment for performing biological functions. Accordingly, vast surface area and three-dimensional nanofibrous structures are among the pivotal characteristics of functional scaffolds in tissue engineering, and enhancement of their properties is the main purpose of the present research. In our previous study, a patterned structure composed of continuous nanofibers and microparticles was introduced. In this work, a new modification is applied for adjustment of the surface area of an electrospun/electrosprayed scaffold. For this purpose, at predetermined stages during electrospinning/electrospraying, the nitrogen gas is flushed through the mesh holes of the collector in the opposite direction of the jet movement. This method has led to the formation of very thin nanofibrous layers at nitrogen flush intervals by providing a cooling effect of the sweeping nitrogen. As a consequence, a straticulated structure has been fabricated which possesses extremely high surface/volume ratio. The porosity, water absorption, and morphological analysis were conducted on the obtained scaffold. In vitro cytocompatibility assessments as well as histological analysis demonstrated that the fabricated scaffold provides a proper substrate for cellular attachment, proliferation and infiltration. These findings can be advantageous in three-dimensional tissue engineering such as bone tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, according to the advanced microstructure and vast surface area of the fabricated samples, they can be applied in many other applications, such as membrane, filtration, etc.
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Kareem MM, Tanner KE. Methods of producing three dimensional electrospun scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: A review. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:9544119211069463. [PMID: 35048771 DOI: 10.1177/09544119211069463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic, living tissue that exists and renews itself continuously in a 3D manner. Nevertheless, complex clinical conditions require a bone substitute to replace the defective bone and/or accelerate bone healing. Bone tissue engineering aims to treat bone defects that fail to heal on their own. Electrospinning provides an opportunity to create nano- to micro-fibrous scaffolds that mimic the architecture of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) with high porosity and large specific surface area. Despite these advantages, traditional electrospun meshes can only provide a 2D architecture for cell attachment and proliferation rather than the 3D attachment in native tissue. Fabrication of 3D electrospun scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is a challenging task, which has attracted significant attention over the past couple of decades. This review highlights recent strategies used to produce 3D electrospun/co-electrospun scaffolds for bone tissue applications describing the materials and procedures. It also considers combining conventional and coaxial electrospinning with other scaffold manufacturing techniques to produce 3D structures which have the potential to engineer missing bone in the human body.Graphical abstract[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna M Kareem
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering, Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - K E Tanner
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Liu KF, Chen RF, Li YT, Lin YN, Hsieh DJ, Periasamy S, Lin SD, Kuo YR. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Decellularized Bone Matrix Seeded with Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerated Bone Regeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1825. [PMID: 34944642 PMCID: PMC8698294 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large bone fractures with segmental defects are a vital phase to accelerate bone integration. The present study examined the role of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) decellularized bone matrix (scDBM) seeded with allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) as bio-scaffold for bone regeneration. Bio-scaffold produced by seeding ADSC to scDBM was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Rat segmental femoral defect model was used as a non-union model to investigate the callus formation in vivo. Histological analysis and osteotomy gap closure in the defect area were analyzed at 12 and 24 weeks post-surgery. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, BMP-2 and osteocalcin was evaluated to assess the ability of new bone formation scDBM. ADSC was found to attach firmly to scDBM bioscaffold as evidenced from SEM images in a dose-dependent manner. Callus formation was observed using X-ray bone imaging in the group with scDBM seeded with 2 × 106 and 5 × 106 ASCs group at the same time-periods. H&E staining revealed ASCs accelerated bone formation. IHC staining depicted the expression of Ki-67, BMP-2, and osteocalcin was elevated in scDBM seeded with 5 × 106 ASCs group at 12 weeks after surgery, relative to other experimental groups. To conclude, scDBM is an excellent scaffold that enhanced the attachment and recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells. scDBM seeded with ASCs accelerated new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Fan Liu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (K.-F.L.); (R.-F.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-D.L.)
| | - Rong-Fu Chen
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (K.-F.L.); (R.-F.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-D.L.)
| | - Yun-Ting Li
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (K.-F.L.); (R.-F.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-D.L.)
| | - Yun-Nan Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (K.-F.L.); (R.-F.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-D.L.)
| | - Dar-Jen Hsieh
- R&D Center, ACRO Biomedical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan; (D.-J.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Srinivasan Periasamy
- R&D Center, ACRO Biomedical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan; (D.-J.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Sin-Daw Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (K.-F.L.); (R.-F.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-D.L.)
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiaokang Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yur-Ren Kuo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (K.-F.L.); (R.-F.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-D.L.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Academic Clinical Programme for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Hejazi F, Bagheri-Khoulenjani S, Olov N, Zeini D, Solouk A, Mirzadeh H. Fabrication of nanocomposite/nanofibrous functionally graded biomimetic scaffolds for osteochondral tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1657-1669. [PMID: 33687800 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in treating osteochondral lesions via tissue engineering approach is providing scaffolds with unique characteristics to mimic the complexity. It has led to application of heterogeneous scaffolds as a potential candidate for engineering of osteochondral tissues, in which graded multilayered-structure should promote bone and cartilage growth. By designing three-dimensional (3D)-nanofibrous scaffolds mimicking the native extracellular matrix's nanoscale structure, cells can grow in controlled conditions and regenerate the damaged tissue. In this study, novel 3D-functionality graded nanofibrous scaffolds composed of five layers based on different compositions containing polycaprolactone(PCL)/gelatin(Gel)/nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) for osteoregeneration and chitosan(Cs)/polyvinylalcohol(PVA) for chondral regeneration are introduced. This scaffold is fabricated by electrospinning technique using spring as collector to create 3D-nanofibrous scaffolds. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical compression test, porosimetry, and water uptake studies were applied to study each layer's physicochemical properties and whole functionally graded scaffold. Besides, biodegradation and biological studies were done to investigate biological performance of scaffold. Results showed that each layer has a fibrous structure with continuous nanofibers with improved pore size and porosity of novel 3D scaffold (6-13 μm and 90%) compared with two-dimensional (2D) mat (2.2 μm and 19.3%) with higher water uptake capacity (about 100 times of 2D mat). Compression modulus of electrospun scaffold was increased to 78 MPa by adding nHA. The biological studies revealed that the layer designed for osteoregeneration could improve cell proliferation rate in comparison to the layer designed for chondral regeneration. These results showed such structure possesses a promising potential for the treatment of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hejazi
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nafiseh Olov
- Polymer and Color Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Darya Zeini
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of basic medical sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Atefeh Solouk
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Mirzadeh
- Polymer and Color Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Chang B, Liu X. Osteon: Structure, Turnover, and Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:261-278. [PMID: 33487116 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone is composed of dense and solid cortical bone and honeycomb-like trabecular bone. Although cortical bone provides the majority of mechanical strength for a bone, there are few studies focusing on cortical bone repair or regeneration. Osteons (the Haversian system) form structural and functional units of cortical bone. In recent years, emerging evidences have shown that the osteon structure (including osteocytes, lamellae, lacunocanalicular network, and Haversian canals) plays critical roles in bone mechanics and turnover. Therefore, reconstruction of the osteon structure is crucial for cortical bone regeneration. This article provides a systematic summary of recent advances in osteons, including the structure, function, turnover, and regenerative strategies. First, the hierarchical structure of osteons is illustrated and the critical functions of osteons in bone dynamics are introduced. Next, the modeling and remodeling processes of osteons at a cellular level and the turnover of osteons in response to mechanical loading and aging are emphasized. Furthermore, several bioengineering approaches that were recently developed to recapitulate the osteon structure are highlighted. Impact statement This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in osteons, especially the roles in bone formation, remodeling, and regeneration. Besides introducing the hierarchical structure and critical functions of osteons, we elucidate the modeling and remodeling of osteons at a cellular level. Specifically, we highlight the bioengineering approaches that were recently developed to mimic the hierarchical structure of osteons. We expect that this review will provide informative insights and attract increasing attentions in orthopedic community, shedding light on cortical bone regeneration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Esbah Tabaei PS, Asadian M, Ghobeira R, Cools P, Thukkaram M, Derakhshandeh PG, Abednatanzi S, Van Der Voort P, Verbeken K, Vercruysse C, Declercq H, Morent R, De Geyter N. Combinatorial effects of coral addition and plasma treatment on the properties of chitosan/polyethylene oxide nanofibers intended for bone tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Mirbehbahani FS, Hejazi F, Najmoddin N, Asefnejad A. Artemisia annua L. as a promising medicinal plant for powerful wound healing applications. Prog Biomater 2020; 9:139-151. [PMID: 32989678 PMCID: PMC7544745 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-020-00138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia annua L. has been utilized for the first time in a nanofibrous wound dressing composition. The extract of this valuable plant provides anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-microbial properties which can be considered as a promising medicinal component in therapeutic applications. In the present work, Artemisia annua L. was picked up from Gorgan forest area of Northern Iran and its extract was prepared by methanol as the extraction solvent. In the fabrication of wound dressing, Artemisia annua L. extract was mixed with gelatin and a nanofibrous structure was formed by electrospinning technique. To have a wound dressing with acceptable stability and optimum mechanical properties, this biologically active layer was formed on a PCL nanofibrous base layer. The fabricated double-layer wound dressing was analyzed chemically, structurally, mechanically and biologically. ATR-FTIR spectra of the prepared wound dressing contain functional groups of Artemisia annua L. as peroxide groups, etc. SEM micrographs of electrospun gelatin/Artemisia annua L. confirmed the successful electrospinning process for producing Artemisia annua L.-containing nanofibers with mean diameter of 242.00 ± 67.53 nm. In vitro Artemisia annua L. release study of the fabricated wound dressings suggests a sustain release over 7 days for the crosslinked sample. In addition, evaluation of the in vitro structural stability of the prepared wound dressings confirmed the stability of the crosslinked nanofibrous structures in PBS solution environment. Biological study of the Artemisia annua L.-containing wound dressing revealed no cytotoxicity, good proliferation and attachment of the seeded fibroblasts cells and acceptable antibacterial property against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Mirbehbahani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hejazi
- Department of Advanced Technologies, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Najmeh Najmoddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azadeh Asefnejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Electrospun triazole-based chitosan nanofibers as a novel scaffolds for bone tissue repair and regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Alissa Alam H, Dalgic AD, Tezcaner A, Ozen C, Keskin D. A comparative study of monoaxial and coaxial PCL/gelatin/Poloxamer 188 scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2019.1581198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hani Alissa Alam
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Deniz Dalgic
- MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysen Tezcaner
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Ozen
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Central Laboratory, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Casanellas I, García-Lizarribar A, Lagunas A, Samitier J. Producing 3D Biomimetic Nanomaterials for Musculoskeletal System Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:128. [PMID: 30294596 PMCID: PMC6159749 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human musculoskeletal system is comprised mainly of connective tissues such as cartilage, tendon, ligaments, skeletal muscle, and skeletal bone. These tissues support the structure of the body, hold and protect the organs, and are responsible of movement. Since it is subjected to continuous strain, the musculoskeletal system is prone to injury by excessive loading forces or aging, whereas currently available treatments are usually invasive and not always effective. Most of the musculoskeletal injuries require surgical intervention facing a limited post-surgery tissue regeneration, especially for widespread lesions. Therefore, many tissue engineering approaches have been developed tackling musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. Materials are designed to meet the chemical and mechanical requirements of the native tissue three-dimensional (3D) environment, thus facilitating implant integration while providing a good reabsorption rate. With biological systems operating at the nanoscale, nanoengineered materials have been developed to support and promote regeneration at the interprotein communication level. Such materials call for a great precision and architectural control in the production process fostering the development of new fabrication techniques. In this mini review, we would like to summarize the most recent advances in 3D nanoengineered biomaterials for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration, with especial emphasis on the different techniques used to produce them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Casanellas
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Lizarribar
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Lagunas
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
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