Synthesis and antitumor activity of a new 7-azaindole derivative

Design and synthesis of Meldrum's acid based 7-azaindole anchored 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents

A series of Meldrum's acid, 7-azaindole and 1,2,3-triazole hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against five different cancer cell lines viz. MCF-7 (breast cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), DU-145 (prostate cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and K562 (myelogenous leukemia cell). Among the series, compound 6b containing a 4-methyl substitution showed potent activity against HeLa cell line. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 6b induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Apoptotic activity was further confirmed by Hoechst staining and Annexin V-FITC assay. Compound 6b has been found to exhibit higher activity in all four cell lines, with IC50 values of 6.67 ± 0.39 μM, 4.44 ± 0.32 μM, 12.38 ± 0.51 μM and 9.97 ± 0.25 μM against MCF-7, HeLa, DU-145 and HepG2 cell lines respectively. Compounds 6m (9.68 ± 0.10 μM) and 6n (9.52 ± 0.38 μM), which have dimethoxy and trimethoxy substitutions, respectively, have demonstrated significant anticancer activity against HeLa cells compared to the other cells. The molecular docking study of ligand 6b against the crystal structure of EGFR and Mcl-1 scored notable binding energy values and displayed important interactions like H-bond, π-cation and other hydrophobic interactions.

An insight into the structure-activity relationship studies of anticancer medicinal attributes of 7-azaindole derivatives: a review

In the current portfolio, there is a lot of interest in the 7-azaindole building block for drug discovery. The creation of synthetic, sophisticated methods for the modification of 7-azaindoles is a promising area of research. This review covers the structure-activity relationship of 7-azaindole analogs, which have been shown to be effective anticancer agents in the literature of the past two decades. Positions 1, 3 and 5 of the 7-azaindole ring are the most active sites. Disubstitution is used for the synthesis of a new analog of the 7-azaindole moiety. All positions are used to create novel molecules that are effective anticancer agents. The alkyl, aryl carboxamide group and heterocyclic ring are the most successful types of substitution.

Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Asymmetric Annulations of Alkyl Dihalides with Oxindoles: Unified Access to Chiral Spirocarbocyclic Oxindoles

A general phase-transfer-catalyzed asymmetric (n+1) (n = 4 or 5) annulation reaction, featuring the direct coupling of simple oxindoles with alkyl dihalides that are allylic/benzylic and non-allylic/benzylic, has been developed to provide previously inaccessible cyclopentane- and cyclohexane-fused spirooxindole scaffolds with high yields and enantioselectivities (88-95% ee). Along with a broad scope and mild conditions, the new protocol also enables a two-step and gram-scale synthesis of the core of the drug ubrogepant.

Fused pyrrolo-pyridines and pyrrolo-(iso)quinoline as anticancer agents

This work emphasizes the synthesis strategies and antiproliferative related properties of fused pyrrolo-pyridine (including indolizine and azaindoles) and pyrrolo-(iso)quinoline derivatives recently reported in literature.

Mitochondrial Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Sinularia compressa from Persian Gulf against Breast Cancer Cells and Its Chemical Composition

Locals in the Persian Gulf islands traditionally use Sinularia compressa to treat cancer. Therefore, this study deals with the cytotoxic activity of the soft coral Sinularia compressa chloroform extract (SCE), its pro-apoptotic activity, and the determination of its secondary metabolites. Cytotoxicity was done against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 and MCF‑10A cells. Apoptosis induction was checked by flow cytometry. The DCFDA and JC-1 probes were used to assess the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins were determined with ELISA Kit, and by western blot analysis. SCE exhibited cytotoxic activity with an IC₅₀ value of 32.51 ± 0.70 μg/ml against MCF-7, and 8.53 ± 0.97 μg/ml against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. The induction of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway was found by ROS generation, attenuation of Bcl-2 and induction of Bax proteins. It was supported by activation of caspase-9, increased apoptotic cells, as well as decrease of ΔΨm. In the acute toxicity, there was no detectable sign of hepatic or renal toxicity in the SCE 100 mg/kg. GC mass and NMR identified bioactive compounds as one monoterpene, one sesquiterpene, five fatty acids, one phthalate, and two steroidal compounds.