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Li L, Shen G. MXene based flexible photodetectors: progress, challenges, and opportunities. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:5457-5473. [PMID: 37818551 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01362f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in applying 2D transition-metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) to diverse application fields such as energy storage and harvesters, catalysts, sensors, optoelectronics, electromagnetic interference shielding and antennas since its first discovery in 2011 is clearly evident. Their intrinsic high conductivity limits the development of MXenes in photodetectors that rely on the semiconducting properties of active materials, while the abundant functional groups on the surface of MXenes provide opportunities for using MXenes as sensing materials in the fabrication of flexible photodetectors. Considerable studies on MXene based photodetectors have been carried out, but the main obstacles include seeking novel semiconducting materials in MXene families, the manufacturing technology, etc. This review highlights the progress, challenges and opportunities in MXene based flexible photodetectors and discusses novel materials, architectures, and approaches that capitalize on our growing understanding of MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- La Li
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Tian Y, Li Y, Hu C, Yang Y, Chen D, Shen G. Air-Stable Flexible Photodetector Based on MXene-Cs 3Bi 2I 9 Microplate Schottky Junctions for Weak-Light Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:13332-13342. [PMID: 36859765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Weak-light detection technology is widely used in various fields, including industry, high-energy physics, precision analysis, and reflection imaging. Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors demonstrate high detectivity and high response speed and are one of the suitable structures for the preparation of weak-light detectors. However, traditional MSM photodetectors tend to exhibit high dark currents, which are not conducive to performance improvement. Here, a MXene-Cs3Bi2I9-MXene weak-light detector is proposed. Based on the MXene-Cs3Bi2I9 Schottky junctions, the dark current is reduced by 2 orders of magnitude and the responsivity is significantly improved compared with the traditional Cr/Au-Cs3Bi2I9-Cr/Au MSM photodetector. The device demonstrates excellent photodetection capacity with a photoresponsivity of 6.45 A W-1, a specific detectivity of 9.45 × 1011 Jones, and a fast response speed of 0.27/2.32 ms. Especially, the device yielded a superior weak-light detectable limit of 10.66 nW cm-2 and demonstrated excellent optical communication capability. Moreover, such a flexible device shows little degradation in photodetection performance after extreme bending for 4500 cycles, proving remarkable bending endurance and flexibility. The obtained results highlight the great potential of such Cs3Bi2I9/MXene devices as a stable and environmentally friendly candidate for weak-light detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chuqiao Hu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaqian Yang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Shi B, Li L, Chen A, Jen TC, Liu X, Shen G. Continuous Fabrication of Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Based Braided Coaxial Zinc-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors with Improved Performance. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 14:34. [PMID: 34907459 PMCID: PMC8671578 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ti3C2Tx MXene-based coaxial zinc-ion hybrid fiber supercapacitors (FSCs) were fabricated with braided structure, which can be prepared continuously and present excellent flexibility and ultrastability. A sports watch driven by the watch belts which weaved uses the obtained zinc-ion hybrid FSC and LED arrays lighted by the FSCs under embedding into textiles, demonstrating the great potential application in smart wearable textiles. Zinc-ion hybrid fiber supercapacitors (FSCs) are promising energy storages for wearable electronics owing to their high energy density, good flexibility, and weavability. However, it is still a critical challenge to optimize the structure of the designed FSC to improve energy density and realize the continuous fabrication of super-long FSCs. Herein, we propose a braided coaxial zinc-ion hybrid FSC with several meters of Ti3C2Tx MXene cathode as core electrodes, and shell zinc fiber anode was braided on the surface of the Ti3C2Tx MXene fibers across the solid electrolytes. According to the simulated results using ANSYS Maxwell software, the braided structures revealed a higher capacitance compared to the spring-like structures. The resulting FSCs exhibited a high areal capacitance of 214 mF cm-2, the energy density of 42.8 μWh cm-2 at 5 mV s-1, and excellent cycling stability with 83.58% capacity retention after 5000 cycles. The coaxial FSC was tied several kinds of knots, proving a shape-controllable fiber energy storage. Furthermore, the knitted FSC showed superior stability and weavability, which can be woven into watch belts or embedded into textiles to power smart watches and LED arrays for a few days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Shi
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, 70 Yuhua Road, Shijiazhuang, 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - La Li
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Aibing Chen
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, 70 Yuhua Road, Shijiazhuang, 050018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tien-Chien Jen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, Kingsway Campus, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
| | - Xinying Liu
- Institute for Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Progress and Perspectives in Designing Flexible Microsupercapacitors. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111305. [PMID: 34832717 PMCID: PMC8621582 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Miniaturized flexible microsupercapacitors (MSCs) that can be integrated into self-powered sensing systems, detecting networks, and implantable devices have shown great potential to perfect the stand-alone functional units owing to the robust security, continuously improved energy density, inherence high power density, and long service life. This review summarizes the recent progress made in the development of flexible MSCs and their application in integrated wearable electronics. To meet requirements for the scalable fabrication, minimization design, and easy integration of the flexible MSC, the typical assembled technologies consist of ink printing, photolithography, screen printing, laser etching, etc., are provided. Then the guidelines regarding the electrochemical performance improvement of the flexible MSC by materials design, devices construction, and electrolyte optimization are considered. The integrated prototypes of flexible MSC-powered systems, such as self-driven photodetection systems, wearable sweat monitoring units are also discussed. Finally, the future challenges and perspectives of flexible MSC are envisioned.
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Hu C, Li L, Shen G. Flexible Transparent
Near‐Infrared
Photodetector Based on
2D Ti
3
C
2
MXene‐Te
Van Der Waals Heterostructures
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - La Li
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
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Li L, Liu W, Jiang K, Chen D, Qu F, Shen G. In-Situ Annealed Ti 3C 2T x MXene Based All-Solid-State Flexible Zn-Ion Hybrid Micro Supercapacitor Array with Enhanced Stability. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:100. [PMID: 34138360 PMCID: PMC8017055 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00634-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) are considered as promising energy storage owing to their high energy density compared to traditional SCs. How to realize the miniaturization, patterning, and flexibility of the Zn-ion SCs without affecting the electrochemical performances has special meanings for expanding their applications in wearable integrated electronics. Ti3C2Tx cathode with outstanding conductivity, unique lamellar structure and good mechanical flexibility has been demonstrated tremendous potential in the design of Zn-ion SCs, but achieving long cycling stability and high rate stability is still big challenges. Here, we proposed a facile laser writing approach to fabricate patterned Ti3C2Tx-based Zn-ion micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), followed by the in-situ anneal treatment of the assembled MSCs to improve the long-term stability, which exhibits 80% of the capacitance retention even after 50,000 charge/discharge cycles and superior rate stability. The influence of the cathode thickness on the electrochemical performance of the MSCs is also studied. When the thickness reaches 0.851 µm the maximum areal capacitance of 72.02 mF cm-2 at scan rate of 10 mV s-1, which is 1.77 times higher than that with a thickness of 0.329 µm (35.6 mF cm-2). Moreover, the fabricated Ti3C2Tx based Zn-ion MSCs have excellent flexibility, a digital timer can be driven by the single device even under bending state, a flexible LED displayer of "TiC" logo also can be easily lighted by the MSC arrays under twisting, crimping, and winding conditions, demonstrating the scalable fabrication and application of the fabricated MSCs in portable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- La Li
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Falculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA and Key Laboratory of Digital Hepetobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengyu Qu
- College of Chemical and Chemistry, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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