1
|
Espinosa J, Bassett R, Lucerna A, Finn D. Hawthorne root (Crataegus mexicana) toxicity. Am J Emerg Med 2024; 78:242.e5-242.e6. [PMID: 37973470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we present the case of a patient who purchased a Hawthorne root (Crataegus mexicana) product, Raiz de Tejocote, for weight loss purposes. She presented with diffuse myalgias, dizziness and a heart rate of 52 beats per minute. At triage and at initial evaluation, the patient denied taking any medications, but on iterative questioning concerning over-the-counter, over-the-internet and herbal medications, she reported taking Hawthorne root tablets in the three days prior to the emergency department (ED) visit for the purpose of weight loss. The product was purchashed through the internet. Her plasma digoxin concentration was 0.4 ng/ml the patient's constellation of symptoms, as well as the detectable plasma digoxin concentration, were consistent with hawthorne root toxicity. Hawthorne root has intrinsic cardiac glycoside activity. In addition, Hawthorne root may cause a range of toxicity. Mild symptoms can include flu-like syndrome with significant myalgias. However, in the more severe exposures the cardiac glycoside effects can result in bradycardia and hemodynamic instability. Symptoms resolved with ED observation. The heart rate normalized. This case reinforces the importance of asking a patient about all medications, including over-the-counter, over-the-internet and herbal medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Espinosa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jefferson Health New Jersey, Stratford, NJ, USA.
| | - Robert Bassett
- Philadelphia Poison Control Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Alan Lucerna
- Emergency Medicine, Jefferson NJ, Stratford, USA
| | - Darren Finn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jefferson Health New Jersey, Stratford, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taleghani A, Eghbali S, Moghimi R, Mokaber-Esfahani M. Crataegus pentagyna willd. Fruits, leaves and roots: phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:126. [PMID: 38504297 PMCID: PMC10949799 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hawthorn has recently been used as a popular herbal medicine in food applications and phytotherapy, especially for the cardiovascular system. METHODS In this study, phytochemicals were evaluated by LC-ESI-MS, GC-MS, and biological activity, including antioxidant (DPPH test) and antibacterial (broth dilution assay), in different extracts of Crataegus pentagyna fruit, leaf, and root. RESULTS Globally, 49 phenolics were tentatively identified using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS in the hydro-methanolic extract of the fruit (major apigenin, caffeoylquinic acid derivative, and 4-O-(3'-O-glucopyranosyl)-caffeoyl quinic acid), 42 in the leaf (major salicylic acid, naringenin-6-C-glucoside, and naringin), and 33 in the root (major naringenin-7-O-neohesperidoside, isovitexin-2″-O-rhamnoside, and 4-O-(3'-O-glucopyranosyl)-caffeoyl quinic acid). The major group compounds analyzed by GC-MS in petroleum ether extracts were hydrocarbons (63.80%) and fatty acids and their derivatives (11.77%) in fruit, hydrocarbons (49.20%) and fatty acids and their derivatives (13.85%) in leaf, and hydrocarbons (53.96%) and terpenes (13.06%) in root. All samples exhibited promising phytochemical profile (total phenol, flavonoid, phenolic acid, and anthocyanin), antioxidant and antibacterial capacities, especially in hydro-methanolic extract of fruit (210.22 ± 0.44 mg GAE/g DE; 79.93 ± 0.54 mg QE/g DE; 194.64 ± 0.32 mg CAE/g DE; 85.37 ± 0.13 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/100 g FW; DPPH: 15.43 ± 0.65 µg/mL; MIC: 0.15-0.62 µg/mL; and MBC: 0.62-1.25 mg/mL), followed by the leaf and root extracts, respectively. The PCA and heatmap analysis results distinguished metabolite profile differences for samples. CONCLUSION The results of the present work provide scientific support for C. pentagyna as antimicrobial agents and natural antioxidants in human health and food preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Taleghani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
| | - Samira Eghbali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Roya Moghimi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Majid Mokaber-Esfahani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Assi H, Najera C, Aboudawoud O, Nadella S, Bies JJ, Hassan M, Roongsritong C. Tejocote Root's Role in Symptomatic Mobitz Type 1 Heart Block: A Compelling Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e45228. [PMID: 37842399 PMCID: PMC10576468 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical presentation and diagnosis of Tejocote root toxicity causing Mobitz Type 1 remains a scarcely clinical phenomenon, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. This case report highlights a 30-year-old female presenting with a constellation of symptoms, including fatigue, dizziness, chest pressure, myalgias, nausea, vomiting, and peripheral tingling. Significantly, the patient had been using Tejocote root as an over-the-counter laxative acquired from Mexico. Laboratory findings revealed detectable Digoxin levels in her bloodstream, while an electrocardiogram (EKG) indicated sinus bradycardia with Mobitz Type 1 heart block. The patient was treated with a single dose of atropine 0.5 mg IV push. A repeat EKG before discharge showed resolution of the Mobitz type 1. This case underscores the potential cardiovascular repercussions of Tejocote root consumption and emphasizes the importance of heightened clinical awareness, especially in regions where such herbal supplement usage is prevalent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heabah Assi
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| | - Carolina Najera
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| | - Omar Aboudawoud
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| | - Sahithi Nadella
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| | - Jared J Bies
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| | - Mariam Hassan
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| | - Chanwit Roongsritong
- Cardiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Man AWC, Zhou Y, Xia N, Li H. Perivascular Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress in Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1595. [PMID: 37627590 PMCID: PMC10451984 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) adheres to most systemic blood vessels in the body. Healthy PVAT exerts anticontractile effects on blood vessels and further protects against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Healthy PVAT regulates vascular homeostasis via secreting an array of adipokine, hormones, and growth factors. Normally, homeostatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PVAT act as secondary messengers in various signalling pathways and contribute to vascular tone regulation. Excessive ROS are eliminated by the antioxidant defence system in PVAT. Oxidative stress occurs when the production of ROS exceeds the endogenous antioxidant defence, leading to a redox imbalance. Oxidative stress is a pivotal pathophysiological process in cardiovascular and metabolic complications. In obesity, PVAT becomes dysfunctional and exerts detrimental effects on the blood vessels. Therefore, redox balance in PVAT emerges as a potential pathophysiological mechanism underlying obesity-induced cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarise new findings describing different ROS, the major sources of ROS and antioxidant defence in PVAT, as well as potential pharmacological intervention of PVAT oxidative stress in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.W.C.M.); (Y.Z.); (N.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu M, Zhang L, Pan J, Shi H, Zhang M, Li C. Advances in the study of the vascular protective effects and molecular mechanisms of hawthorn ( Crataegus anamesa Sarg.) extracts in cardiovascular diseases. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37337667 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01688a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Hawthorn belongs to the rose family and is a type of functional food. It contains various chemicals, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and organic acid compounds. This study aimed to review the vascular protective effects and molecular mechanisms of hawthorn and its extracts on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Hawthorn has a wide range of biological functions. Evidence suggests that the active components of HE reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, regulate lipid levels to prevent lipid accumulation, and inhibit free cholesterol accumulation in macrophages and foam cell formation. Additionally, hawthorn extract (HE) can protect vascular endothelial function, regulate endothelial dysfunction, and promote vascular endothelial relaxation. It has also been reported that the effective components of hawthorn can prevent age-related endothelial dysfunction, increase cellular calcium levels, cause antiplatelet aggregation, and promote antithrombosis. In clinical trials, HE has been proved to reduce the adverse effects of CVDs on blood lipids, blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, heart rate, and exercise tolerance. Previous studies have pointed to the benefits of hawthorn and its extracts in treating atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases. Therefore, as both medicine and food, hawthorn can be used as a new drug source for treating cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Huishan Shi
- School of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Villaescusa L, Zaragoza C, Zaragoza F, Tamargo J. Herbal medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Benefits and risks- A narrative review. Int J Cardiol 2023:S0167-5273(23)00599-5. [PMID: 37116758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines (HMs) have been traditionally used for the prophylaxis/treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Their use is steadily increasing and many patients with CVDs often combine HMs with prescribed cardiovascular medications. Interestingly, up to 70% of patients do not notify cardiologists/physicians the use of HMs and up to 90% of cardiologists/physicians may not routinely inquire them about the use of HMs. There is limited scientific evidence from well-designed clinical trials supporting the efficacy and safety of HMs and because they do not reduce morbidity and mortality are not recommended in clinical guidelines for the prophylaxis/treatment of CVDs. There is also a great deal of confusion about the identification, active constituents and mechanisms of action of HMs; the lack of standardization and quality control (contaminations, adulterations) represent other sources of concern. Furthermore, the widespread perception that unlike prescription drugs HMs are safe is misleading and some HMs can cause clinically relevant adverse events and interactions, particularly when used with narrow therapeutic index prescribed cardiovascular drugs (antiarrhythmics, antithrombotics, digoxin). Cardiologists/physicians can no longer ignore the problem. They must improve their knowledge about the HMs their patients consume to provide the best advice and prevent adverse reactions and drug interactions. This narrative review addresses the putative mechanisms of action, suggested clinical uses and safety of most commonly used HMs, the pivotal role of cardiologists/physicians to protect consumers and the main challenges and gaps in evidence related to the use of HMs in the prophylaxis and treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda Villaescusa
- Pharmacology Unit, Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Alcalá, Madrid, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
| | - Cristina Zaragoza
- Pharmacology Unit, Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Alcalá, Madrid, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Francisco Zaragoza
- Pharmacology Unit, Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Alcalá, Madrid, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Juan Tamargo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang J, Chai X, Zhao F, Hou G, Meng Q. Food Applications and Potential Health Benefits of Hawthorn. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182861. [PMID: 36140986 PMCID: PMC9498108 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hawthorn (Crataegus) is a plant of the Rosaceae family and is widely grown throughout the world as one of the medicinal and edible plants, known as the “nutritious fruit” due to its richness in bioactive substances. Preparations derived from it are used in the formulation of dietary supplements, functional foods, and pharmaceutical products. Rich in amino acids, minerals, pectin, vitamin C, chlorogenic acid, epicatechol, and choline, hawthorn has a high therapeutic and health value. Many studies have shown that hawthorn has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-cardiovascular disease, and digestive enhancing properties. This is related to its bioactive components such as polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, proanthocyanidin B2, epicatechin), flavonoids (proanthocyanidins, mucoxanthin, quercetin, rutin), and pentacyclic triterpenoids (ursolic acid, hawthornic acid, oleanolic acid), which are also its main chemical constituents. This paper briefly reviews the chemical composition, nutritional value, food applications, and the important biological and pharmacological activities of hawthorn. This will contribute to the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals from hawthorn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (Q.M.)
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- Department of Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Department of Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (Q.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu LB, Huang SH, Qiu HL, Cen XF, Guo YY, Li D, Ma YL, Xu M, Tang QZ. Limonin stabilises SIRT6 by activating USP10 in cardiac hypertrophy. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4516-4533. [PMID: 35727596 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Limonin, a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid extract, exerts extensive pharmacological effects; however, its role in cardiac hypertrophy remains to be elucidated. We investigated the beneficial effects of limonin on cardiac hypertrophy and explored the potential mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH C57/BL6 male mice were subjected to aortic banding (AB) surgery and neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs) were stimulated with phenylephrine (PE) to evaluate the effects of limonin on cardiac hypertrophy. KEY RESULTS Limonin markedly improved the cardiac function and heart weight in AB operation mice. In addition, limonin-treated mice and NRCMs produced fewer cardiac hypertrophy markers than those treated with the vehicle in hypertrophic groups. Sustained AB- or PE-stimulation impaired cardiac sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) protein levels, which were partially rescued by limonin and subsequently enhanced the activity of PPARα, and Sirt6 siRNA inhibited the anti-hypertrophic effects of limonin in vitro. Interestingly, limonin did not influence Sirt6 mRNA levels, but controlled its ubiquitin levels. Thus, the protein biosynthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide (CHX), and proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, were used to determine SIRT6 protein expression levels. Under PE stimulation, limonin increased SIRT6 protein levels in the presence of CHX, but it didn't influence SIRT6 expression in the presence of MG-132, suggesting that limonin promotes SIRT6 abundance by inhibiting its ubiquitination degradation. Furthermore, limonin inhibited the degradation of SIRT6 by activating ubiquitin-specific peptidase (Cuspidi et al.)-10, while USP10 siRNA abrogated the beneficial effects of limonin. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Limonin mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of SIRT6 by activating USP10, providing an attractive therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Si-Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hong-Liang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xian-Feng Cen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yu-Lan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Potential Roles and Key Mechanisms of Hawthorn Extract against Various Liver Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040867. [PMID: 35215517 PMCID: PMC8879000 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Crataegus (hawthorn), a flowering shrub or tree, is a member of the Rosaceae family and consists of approximately 280 species that have been primarily cultivated in East Asia, North America, and Europe. Consumption of hawthorn preparations has been chiefly associated with pharmacological benefits for cardiovascular diseases, including congestive heart failure and angina pectoris. Treatment with hawthorn extracts can be related to improvements in the complex pathogenesis of various hepatic and cardiovascular disorders. In this regard, the present review described that the presence of hawthorn extracts ameliorated hepatic injury, lipid accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer in an abundance of experimental models. Hawthorn extracts might have these promising activities, largely by enhancing the hepatic antioxidant system. In addition, several mechanisms, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and apoptosis, are responsible for the role of hawthorn extracts in repairing the dysfunction of injured hepatocytes. Specifically, hawthorn possesses a wide range of biological actions relevant to the treatment of toxic hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Accordingly, hawthorn extracts can be developed as a major source of therapeutic agents for liver diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiu B, Zhao P, Shen L, Qiao S, Li G, Deng B, Zhou D, Wei Y. Improvement of Shen'ge formula on heart function in diastolic heart failure: A protocol for randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25383. [PMID: 33787645 PMCID: PMC8021288 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diastolic heart failure (DHF) is an important pathological type of heart failure, that involves multiple organ dysfunction and multiple complications. The prevalence of DHF is high, and effective treatments are lacking. Chinese herbs are an alternative therapy for DHF. Shen'ge formula (SGF) is a classical formula from which patients can benefit, but convincing evidence of its efficacy is lacking. Therefore, we designed this randomized controlled trial protocol. METHODS/DESIGN This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of SGF in the treatment of DHF. A total of 130 patients with DHF will be enrolled in the trial and treated with SGF granules or placebo for 12 weeks and followed up for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measurement will be to changes in plasma N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor before versus after treatment, while the second primary outcome measurement will be changes in heart function before versus after treatment and the 12-week follow-up period. It will also include echocardiography, a cardiopulmonary exercise test, cardiac function grading, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, and the Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of Life Scale. Adverse events will be evaluated throughout the trial. DISCUSSION The results of this trial will demonstrate whether SGF could alleviate symptoms, improve cardiac function, reduce readmission rates, and improve quality of life of patients with DHF. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR2000036533, registered on August 24, 2020.
Collapse
|
11
|
Nutraceuticals and blood pressure control: a European Society of Hypertension position document. J Hypertens 2021; 38:799-812. [PMID: 31977574 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
: High-normal blood pressure (BP) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, however the cost-benefit ratio of the use of antihypertensive treatment in these patients is not yet clear. Some dietary components and natural products seems to be able to significantly lower BP without significant side effects. The aim of this position document is to highlight which of these products have the most clinically significant antihypertensive action and wheter they could be suggested to patients with high-normal BP. Among foods, beetroot juice has the most covincing evidence of antihypertensive effect. Antioxidant-rich beverages (teas, coffee) could be considered. Among nutrients, magnesium, potassium and vitamin C supplements could improve BP. Among nonnutrient-nutraceuticals, soy isoflavones could be suggested in perimenopausal women, resveratrol in insulin-resistant patients, melatonin in study participants with night hypertension. In any case, the nutracutical approach has never to substitute the drug treatment, when needed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheng F, Jiang W, Xiong X, Chen J, Xiong Y, Li Y. Ethanol Extract of Chinese Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) Fruit Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rats with Doxorubicin-Induced Chronic Heart Failure. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926654. [PMID: 33232307 PMCID: PMC7697658 DOI: 10.12659/msm.926654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) fruit is a traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of digestive system and cardiovascular diseases. The fruit contains polyphenol compounds, such as epicatechin, that have anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of an alcohol extract of hawthorn fruit (HAE) on inflammation and oxidative stress in rats with doxorubicin-induced chronic heart failure (CHF). Material/Methods Rats were intraperitoneally injected with doxorubicin to induce CHF and subsequently treated with HAE intragastrically once daily for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters were assessed, and enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to detect the levels of cardiac injury markers (brain natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, copeptin, and adrenomedullin), oxidative stress markers (glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde), and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α). The IL-1β, IL-6, glutathione peroxidase-1, and catalase mRNA levels were also measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Our findings indicated that HAE exerts a cardioprotective effect, as shown by improved echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters, decreased activity of serum myocardial enzymes, reduced serum levels of CHF markers, and inhibited inflammatory response in cardiac tissue. In addition, HAE treatment downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and upregulated the mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase-1 and catalase compared with untreated doxorubicin-induced CHF rats. Conclusions HAE shows promise for the prevention and treatment of CHF. The cardioprotective effect of HAE appears to be related to inhibition of both the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Yantian People's Hospital, ShenzhenShenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wenlong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Yantian People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoshuan Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Yantian People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Yantian People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yunzhi Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Yantian People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yinghong Li
- The Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mudan A, Livshits Z, Lebin J. Revisiting supplement safety: a near fatal overdose with novel supplement tejocote. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2020; 59:531-532. [PMID: 33078966 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2020.1832235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Mudan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Division, California Poison Control System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhanna Livshits
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Division, California Poison Control System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Lebin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Division, California Poison Control System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cao-Ngoc P, Leclercq L, Rossi JC, Hertzog J, Tixier AS, Chemat F, Nasreddine R, Al Hamoui Dit Banni G, Nehmé R, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Cottet H. Water-Based Extraction of Bioactive Principles from Blackcurrant Leaves and Chrysanthellum americanum: A Comparative Study. Foods 2020; 9:E1478. [PMID: 33081198 PMCID: PMC7602794 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The water-based extraction of bioactive components from flavonoid-rich medicinal plants is a key step that should be better investigated. This is especially true when dealing with easy-to-use home-made conditions of extractions, which are known to be a bottleneck in the course for a better control and optimization of the daily uptake of active components from medicinal plants. In this work, the water-based extraction of Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) leaves (BC) and Chrysanthellum americanum (CA), known to have complementary pharmacological properties, was studied and compared with a previous work performed on the extraction of Hawthorn (Crataegus, HAW). Various extraction modes in water (infusion, percolation, maceration, ultrasounds, microwaves) were compared for the extraction of bioactive principles contained in BC and CA in terms of extraction yield, of amount of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and proanthocyanidin oligomers, and of UHPLC profiles of the extracted compounds. The qualitative and quantitative aspects of the extraction, in addition to the kinetic of extraction, were studied. The optimized easy-to-use-at-home extraction protocol developed for HAW was found very efficient to easily extract bioactive components from BC and CA plants. UHPLC-ESI-MS and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) were also implemented to get more qualitative information on the specific and common chemical compositions of the three plants (including HAW). Their antihyaluronidase, antioxidant, and antihypertensive activities were also determined and compared, demonstrating similar activities as the reference compound for some of these plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phu Cao-Ngoc
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (P.C.-N.); (J.-C.R.)
| | - Laurent Leclercq
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (P.C.-N.); (J.-C.R.)
| | - Jean-Christophe Rossi
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (P.C.-N.); (J.-C.R.)
| | - Jasmine Hertzog
- Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.H.); (P.S.-K.)
- Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Anne-Sylvie Tixier
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRA, University of Avignon, 84916 Avignon, France; (A.-S.T.); (F.C.)
| | - Farid Chemat
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRA, University of Avignon, 84916 Avignon, France; (A.-S.T.); (F.C.)
| | - Rouba Nasreddine
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), CNRS, University of Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France; (R.N.); (G.A.H.D.B.); (R.N.)
| | - Ghassan Al Hamoui Dit Banni
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), CNRS, University of Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France; (R.N.); (G.A.H.D.B.); (R.N.)
| | - Reine Nehmé
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), CNRS, University of Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France; (R.N.); (G.A.H.D.B.); (R.N.)
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.H.); (P.S.-K.)
- Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Hervé Cottet
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (P.C.-N.); (J.-C.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cloud A, Vilcins D, McEwen B. The effect of hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) on blood pressure: A systematic review. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
16
|
Bujor A, Miron A, Luca SV, Skalicka-Wozniak K, Silion M, Trifan A, Girard C, Demougeot C, Totoson P. Vasorelaxant effects of Crataegus pentagyna: Links with arginase inhibition and phenolic profile. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112559. [PMID: 31935497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Crataegus leaves, flowers and fruits have been traditionally used to improve blood circulation, numerous preclinical and clinical studies supporting the cardiovascular benefits of Crataegus preparations. In this respect, there is very limited data on Crataegus pentagyna; in addition, the chemical profile of this species is still incompletely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to examine the cardiovascular benefits of Crataegus pentagyna Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd. (small-flowered black hawthorn, Rosaceae) extracts (leaf, flower and fruit ethyl acetate extracts) and the underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized that C. pentagyna extracts might exert vasodilatory effects and inhibit arginase activity due, in large part, to their polyphenolic constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS C. pentagyna extracts induced-relaxation and the mechanisms involved were studied ex vivo in isolated aortic rings from Sprague-Dawley rats. The inhibitory effects on bovine liver arginase I were assessed by an in vitro assay. Metabolite profiling of C. pentagyna extracts was performed and the most endothelium- and nitric oxide synthase-dependent; flower extract additionally reduced Ca2+ entry and, to a lesser extent, Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C. pentagyna proved to be an important source of arginase inhibitors with potential benefits in endothelial dysfunction that remains to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bujor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania; PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania; Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Mihaela Silion
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Corine Girard
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Perle Totoson
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu M, Liu L, Xing Y, Yang S, Li H, Cao Y. Roles and Mechanisms of Hawthorn and Its Extracts on Atherosclerosis: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:118. [PMID: 32153414 PMCID: PMC7047282 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially atherosclerosis, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally; it causes a considerable burden on families and caregivers and results in significant financial costs being incurred. Hawthorn has an extensive history of medical use in many countries. In China, the use of hawthorn for the treatment of CVD dates to 659 AD. In addition, according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, it acts on tonifying the spleen to promote digestion and activate blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. This review revealed that the hawthorn extracts possess serum lipid-lowering, anti-oxidative, and cardiovascular protective properties, thus gaining popularity, especially for its anti-atherosclerotic effects. We summarize the four principal mechanisms, including blood lipid-lowering, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vascular endothelial protection, thus providing a theoretical basis for further utilization of hawthorn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longtao Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Optimizing Water-Based Extraction of Bioactive Principles of Hawthorn: From Experimental Laboratory Research to Homemade Preparations. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234420. [PMID: 31816956 PMCID: PMC6930565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hawthorn (Crataegus) is used for its cardiotonic, hypotensive, vasodilative, sedative, antiatherosclerotic, and antihyperlipidemic properties. One of the main goals of this work was to find a well-defined optimized extraction protocol usable by each of us that would lead to repeatable, controlled, and quantified daily uptake of active components from hawthorn at a drinkable temperature (below 60 °C). A thorough investigation of the extraction mode in water (infusion, maceration, percolation, ultrasounds, microwaves) on the yield of extraction and the amount of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidin oligomers as well as on the Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) profiles of the extracted compounds was carried out. High-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry was also implemented to discriminate the different samples and conditions of extraction. The quantitative and qualitative aspects of the extraction as well as the kinetics of extraction were studied, not only according to the part (flowers or leaves), the state (fresh or dried), and the granulometry of the dry plant, but also the stirring speed, the temperature, the extraction time, the volume of the container (cup, mug or bowl) and the use of infusion bags.
Collapse
|
19
|
Palmer KG, Lebin JA, Cronin MT, Mazor SS, Burns RA. Crataegus mexicana (Tejocote) Exposure Associated with Cardiotoxicity and a Falsely Elevated Digoxin Level. J Med Toxicol 2019; 15:295-298. [PMID: 31407210 DOI: 10.1007/s13181-019-00727-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A species of hawthorn, Crataegus mexicana (tejocote), has been marketed as a weight-loss supplement that is readily available for purchase online. While several hawthorn species have shown clinical benefit in the treatment of heart failure owing to their positive inotropic effects, little is known about hawthorn, and tejocote in particular, when consumed in excess. We describe a case of tejocote exposure from a weight-loss supplement resulting in severe cardiotoxicity. CASE REPORT A healthy 16-year-old girl presented to an emergency department after ingesting eight pieces of her mother's tejocote root weight-loss supplement. At arrival, she was drowsy, had active vomiting and diarrhea, and had a heart rate of 57 with normal respirations. Her initial blood chemistries were unremarkable, except for an elevated digoxin assay of 0.7 ng/mL (therapeutic range 0.5-2.0 ng/mL). All other drug screens were negative. She later developed severe bradycardia and multiple episodes of hypopnea that prompted a transfer to our institution, a tertiary pediatric hospital. Her ECG demonstrated a heart rate of 38 and Mobitz type 1 second-degree heart block. She was subsequently given two vials of Digoxin Immune Fab due to severe bradycardia in the setting of suspected digoxin-like cardiotoxicity after discussion with the regional poison control center. No clinical improvement was observed. Approximately 29 hours after ingestion, subsequent ECGs demonstrated a return to normal sinus rhythm, and her symptoms resolved. DISCUSSION Tejocote root toxicity may cause dysrhythmias and respiratory depression. Similar to other species of hawthorn, tejocote root may cross-react with some commercial digoxin assays, resulting in a falsely elevated level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine G Palmer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359702, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
| | - Jacob A Lebin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359702, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Michael T Cronin
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Mailstop: FA.2.112, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Suzan S Mazor
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, MB.7.520 - Emergency Medicine , 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Washington Poison Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rebekah A Burns
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, MB.7.520 - Emergency Medicine , 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Latypova GM, Bychenkova MA, Katayev VA, Perfilova VN, Tyurenkov IN, Mokrousov IS, Prokofiev II, Salikhov SM, Iksanova GR. Composition and cardioprotective effects of Primula veris L. solid herbal extract in experimental chronic heart failure. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:17-26. [PMID: 30668367 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High interest in chronic heart failure (CHF) is accounted for by its high incidence, poor prognosis, growing number of hospital admissions due to the heart failure relapse, and inadequate treatment. These facts necessitate a search for new pharmacological agents for the CHF correction. Herbal medicinal products appear to be very promising as they have a noticeable therapeutic effect and tend to be more harmless in comparison to the most of synthesized medications. PURPOSE Our aim was to study the composition of the Primula veris L. solid herbal extract (PVSHE) and its effects on the myocardial contractile function in animals with experimental CHF. STUDY DESIGN The study design involved the identification of the raw material composition of the P. veris L. extract. For the experimental part of our research, we used the model of CHF to elucidate the cardioprotective properties of PVSHE. METHODS The active extract constituents were isolated by thin-layer chromatography and column chromatography; the extract components were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy (UVS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS). To model CHF, L-isoproterenol at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected to the experimental rats twice a day for 21 days. Cardiac output was assessed with the loading test, adrenoreactivity test, and maximum isometric loading test; CHF markers adrenomedullin and copeptin were detected in blood plasma with ELISA kit for adrenomedullin and copeptin (Coud-Clone Corp., USA). RESULTS P. veris L. solid herbal extract contains flavonoid aglycons (apigenin, quercetine, kaemferol), flavonoid glycosides (cinarozid, rutin, hyperozid), as well as polymethoxylated flavonoids acting as chemotaxonomic markers for the genus Primula (8-methoxy-flavone; 3',4'methylenedioxy-5'-methoxyflavone). The substance 3',4'methylenedioxy-5'-methoxyflavone has been isolated from the primrose herb for the first time. We showed that the PVSHE has a cardioprotective effect when it was administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg in the experimental CHF, as evidenced by a lower number of animal death, lower level of CHF markers in the blood plasma of the experimental animals, the higher increase in rate of myocardial contraction and relaxation, the higher level of left ventricular pressure (LVP) and of maximum intensity of structural performance (MISP), as compared to the control group. CONCLUSION P. veris L. solid herbal extract contains flavonoid aglycons, flavonoid glycosides, and polymethoxylated flavonoids. The herbal agent increases the myocardial contractility in experimental CHF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G M Latypova
- FSBEE HE Bashkirsky State Medical University, Lenina st., 8, Ufa 540008, Russia
| | - M A Bychenkova
- FSBEE HE Bashkirsky State Medical University, Lenina st., 8, Ufa 540008, Russia
| | - V A Katayev
- FSBEE HE Bashkirsky State Medical University, Lenina st., 8, Ufa 540008, Russia
| | - V N Perfilova
- FSBEE HE Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia.
| | - I N Tyurenkov
- FSBEE HE Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - I S Mokrousov
- FSBEE HE Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - I I Prokofiev
- FSBEE HE Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq., 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Sh M Salikhov
- Ufa Institute of the Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Oktyabrya av., 71, Ufa 450054, Russia
| | - G R Iksanova
- FSBEE HE Bashkirsky State Medical University, Lenina st., 8, Ufa 540008, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Przybylska A, Bazylak G, Kosicki R, Altyn I, Twaruzek M, Grajewski J, Soltys-Lelek A. Advantageous Extraction, Cleanup, and UHPLC-MS/MS Detection of Patulin Mycotoxin in Dietary Supplements and Herbal Blends Containing Hawberry from Crataegus spp. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:2159097. [PMID: 30881725 PMCID: PMC6381574 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2159097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a highly genotoxic mycotoxin still found as the common contaminant of various kinds of spoiled fruits and related commodities which are often endorsed as the health-enhancing products. Thus, a fast and convenient liquid-solid extraction followed by a solid-phase cleanup with the MycoSep®228 AflaPat multifunctional column was used for the highly efficient isolation of PAT with an average recovery of 112.7% from commercial dietary supplements and herbal blends formulated with dried hawberry. Analysis of the PAT content was carried out using gradient elution with a Synergi Polar C18 column (150 × 2 mm, 4 μm) and UHPLC system equipped with a mass spectrometer. PAT was detected in all (n=14) commercial single-component dietary supplements formulated with dried hawberry belonging to Crataegus monogyna and/or Crataegus laevigata. Similarly, PAT was detected in 67% of the studied multicomponent commercial herbal blends (n=6) that contained-in addition to hawberry-different amounts of apple, chokeberry, elderberry, hibiscus, or mallow. Moreover, the PAT content was determined in the hawberry collected from the mature wild hawthorn trees belonging to three botanical species, Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Crataegus laevigata (Poiret) DC, and Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand, growing in the recreational forest areas and in the law-protected state national forest park in Poland. In conclusion, to prevent PAT accumulation and reduce the health risk of consumers in globalizing markets, the implementation of improved cultivation/processing practices of hawthorn trees and hawberry as well as increased analytical control related to the presence of PAT in dietary supplements and herbal blends formulated with fresh, dried, or frozen hawberry should be urgently recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Przybylska
- Department of Pharmaco-Bromatology and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jagiellonska 13, PL-85067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bazylak
- Department of Pharmaco-Bromatology and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jagiellonska 13, PL-85067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Robert Kosicki
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, PL-85064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Iwona Altyn
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, PL-85064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Twaruzek
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, PL-85064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Grajewski
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, PL-85064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wegener T, Gündling PW, Holubarsch CJF, Mayer JG, Schini-Kerth VB, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Stange R. [Significance of hawthorn extract in general practice - a current positioning]. MMW Fortschr Med 2018; 160:1-7. [PMID: 29974436 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-018-0725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally, hawthorn extract has been used for preventive and curative support in mild forms of age-related cardiovascular problems. There are now solid data demonstrating pre-clinical effects and mechanisms of action on a molecular-biological and cellular level that appear to be of particular interest in influencing vascular ageing and in arterial vascular disorders. METHOD The review presents the results of a meeting of experts that took place to work out a current assessment of the therapeutic suitability of hawthorn extract in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Although currently no general recommendation can be given on the use of hawthorn extract in cardiac insufficiency, its use is indicated for typical challenges arising in general practice, where particularly patients with functional cardiorespiratory complaints present, possibly those with cardiac insufficiency with preserved heart function for whom there has thus far been no effective therapy apart from exercise. This recommendation is supported by the findings of studies on the safety and very good tolerability of hawthorn extract, particularly for therapy adjuvant to standard practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter W Gündling
- Hochschule Fresenius Idstein, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | | | - Johannes Gottfried Mayer
- Forschergruppe Klostermedizin GmbH, Universität Würzburg und Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Valerie B Schini-Kerth
- UMR 1260 INSERM Nanomédecine Régénérative, Universität Straßburg, Fakultät für Pharmazie, Illkirch, Frankreich
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Bereich Sport- und Bewegungsmedizin, Department für Sport, Bewegung und Gesundheit (DSBG), Universität Basel, Basel, Schweiz
| | - Rainer Stange
- Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin und Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Standort Berlin-Wannsee, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dobos GJ. [Not Available]. MMW Fortschr Med 2018; 160:22-24. [PMID: 29721892 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-018-0463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustav J Dobos
- Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Klinik für Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin, Am Deinelsberg 34a, D-45276, Essen, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|