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Lu H, Peng Z, Zheng Z, Li C, Wang Y, Liang L, Chen Y, Zeng K. Blocking the ATR-SerRS-VEGFA pathway targets angiogenesis for UV-induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1160-1173. [PMID: 38695641 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most prevalent form of skin cancer, with an escalating incidence rate and a notable potential (up to 5%) for metastasis. Ultraviolet radiation (UVA and UVB) exposure is the primary risk factor for cSCC carcinogenesis, with literature suggesting ultraviolet radiation (UVR) promotes vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression. This study aims to investigate UVR-induced upregulation of VEGFA and explore combination therapeutic strategies. The skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431 was exposed to specific durations of ultraviolet radiation. The effect of emodin on ATR/SerRS/VEGFA pathway was observed. The cell masses were also transplanted subcutaneously into mice (n = 8). ATR inhibitor combined with emodin was used to observe the growth and angiogenesis of the xenografts. The results showed that UV treatment significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of SerRS and the expression level of VEGFA in A431 cells (p < 0.05). Treatment with emodin significantly inhibited this expression (p < 0.05), and the combination of emodin and ATR inhibitor further enhanced the inhibitory effect (p < 0.05). This phenomenon was further confirmed in the xenograft model, which showed that the combination of ATR inhibitor and emodin significantly inhibited the expression of VEGFA to inhibit angiogenesis (p < 0.05), thus showing an inhibitory effect on cSCC. This study innovatively reveals the molecular mechanism of UV-induced angiogenesis in cSCC and confirms SerRS as a novel target to inhibit cSCC angiogenesis and progression in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangsong Peng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changxing Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuping Liang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Feng H, Hu X, Yan R, Jia X, Feng H, Zhang N, Chen X. MicroRNA-124 plays an inhibitory role in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells via targeting SNAI2, an immunotherapy determinant. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24671. [PMID: 38317973 PMCID: PMC10839798 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) play multiple roles during cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) progression. Previous studies suggest miR-124 could inhibit cancer development in CSCC. METHODS Obtained 63 pairs of CSCC and adjacent tissues for analysis. Cultured HaCaT and two CSCC cell lines (A431 and SCL-1) in DMEM (10 % FBS). Transfected cells using Lipofectamine 2000 with various miR-124 mimics, inhibitors, or Snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAI2) expression plasmid. Performed a series of assays, including real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, CCK8, wound healing, transwell, and luciferase reporter gene assay, to examine the effects of miR-124 on CSCC cells. RESULTS An evident downregulation of miR-124 in CSCC tissues, which was related to advanced disease stage and nodal metastasis. Overexpressing miR-124 could reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of CSCC cells. It was verified that miR-124 targets the SNAI2 in CSCC cells. Moreover, ectopic expression of SNAI2 rescued the suppressive effects on CSCC cells induced by miR-124 overexpression. Furthermore, miR-124 increased cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Besides, SNAI2 is a critical factor in the immune-related aspects of CSCC and its modulation may influence the response to immunotherapy. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that miR-124 inhibits CSCC progression through downregulating SNAI2, and thus it may be a molecular candidate for treating CSCC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, China
| | - Xing Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, China
| | - Renli Yan
- Surgery Center of Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomin Jia
- Department of Pathology, Lhasa People's Hospital, Lhasa, 850, Tibet, 850000, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, China
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Tzenaki N, Xenou L, Goulielmaki E, Tsapara A, Voudouri I, Antoniou A, Valianatos G, Tzardi M, De Bree E, Berdiaki A, Makrigiannakis A, Papakonstanti EA. A combined opposite targeting of p110δ PI3K and RhoA abrogates skin cancer. Commun Biol 2024; 7:26. [PMID: 38182748 PMCID: PMC10770346 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide whereas SCC is the second most common non-melanoma human skin cancer with limited treatment options. Here we show that the development and metastasis of melanoma and SCC cancers can be blocked by a combined opposite targeting of RhoA and p110δ PI3K. We found that a targeted induction of RhoA activity into tumours by deletion of p190RhoGAP-a potent inhibitor of RhoA GTPase-in tumour cells together with adoptive macrophages transfer from δD910A/D910A mice in mice bearing tumours with active RhoA abrogated growth progression of melanoma and SCC tumours. Τhe efficacy of this combined treatment is the same in tumours lacking activating mutations in BRAF and in tumours harbouring the most frequent BRAF(V600E) mutation. Furthermore, the efficiency of this combined treatment is associated with decreased ATX expression in tumour cells and tumour stroma bypassing a positive feedback expression of ATX induced by direct ATX pharmacological inactivation. Together, our findings highlight the importance of targeting cancer cells and macrophages for skin cancer therapy, emerge a reverse link between ATX and RhoA and illustrate the benefit of p110δ PI3K inhibition as a combinatorial regimen for the treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Tzenaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Lydia Xenou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Goulielmaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anna Tsapara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Irene Voudouri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Angelika Antoniou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Valianatos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Tzardi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eelco De Bree
- Department of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonios Makrigiannakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
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Denaro N, Passoni E, Indini A, Nazzaro G, Beltramini GA, Benzecry V, Colombo G, Cauchi C, Solinas C, Scartozzi M, Marzano AV, Garrone O. Cemiplimab in Ultra-Octogenarian Patients with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Real-Life Experience of a Tertiary Referral Center. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1500. [PMID: 37766176 PMCID: PMC10534594 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is rapidly increasing, paralleling the aging of the population. cSCC predominantly affects chronically sun-exposed areas, such as the head and neck region. At our tertiary center, a multidisciplinary approach to non-melanoma skin cancer is provided for locally advanced cSCC. METHODS We retrospectively revised all patients with locally advanced/metastatic cSCC treated with anti-PD1 antibody (Cemiplimab) at our Institution from January 2020 to March 2023 (minimum follow-up of 4 months on treatment). RESULTS Overall, we consecutively treated 20 ultra-octogenarian patients, of whom 15 were males and 5 were females (median age: 86.9 years). Despite age, a median number of concomitant drugs, and comorbidities, efficacy, and safety were superimposable with the available literature. No patients reported treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or higher. Grade 2 adverse events were reported in 25% of patients. Overall, the response rate was 65%, with 50% partial responses and 20% long-lasting stable disease. The median duration of response was 14 months. The G8 elderly score was assessed in all patients, and the median score was 12 (range 9-14). CONCLUSIONS Among ultra-octogenarian patients, a clinical benefit from Cemiplimab was obtained in most, including tumor shrinkage and pain relief. Cemiplimab confirmed its effectiveness in elderly patients in a real-life setting, with no new safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerina Denaro
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Passoni
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Indini
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Nazzaro
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Anna Beltramini
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Department of Biomedical Surgical and Odontoiathric Science, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Benzecry
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colombo
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Department of Biomedical Surgical and Odontoiathric Science, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Cauchi
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Solinas
- Medical Oncology Department, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Medical Oncology Department, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ornella Garrone
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Rentroia-Pacheco B, Tokez S, Bramer EM, Venables ZC, van de Werken HJ, Bellomo D, van Klaveren D, Mooyaart AL, Hollestein LM, Wakkee M. Personalised decision making to predict absolute metastatic risk in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: development and validation of a clinico-pathological model. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 63:102150. [PMID: 37662519 PMCID: PMC10468358 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer, affecting more than 2 million people worldwide yearly and metastasising in 2-5% of patients. However, current clinical staging systems do not provide estimates of absolute metastatic risk, hence missing the opportunity for more personalised treatment advice. We aimed to develop a clinico-pathological model that predicts the probability of metastasis in patients with cSCC. Methods Nationwide cohorts from (1) all patients with a first primary cSCC in The Netherlands in 2007-2008 and (2) all patients with a cSCC in 2013-2015 in England were used to derive nested case-control cohorts. Pathology records of primary cSCCs that originated a loco-regional or distant metastasis were identified, and these cSCCs were matched to primary cSCCs of controls without metastasis (1:1 ratio). The model was developed on the Dutch cohort (n = 390) using a weighted Cox regression model with backward selection and validated on the English cohort (n = 696). Model performance was assessed using weighted versions of the C-index, calibration metrics, and decision curve analysis; and compared to the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging systems. Members of the multidisciplinary Skin Cancer Outcomes (SCOUT) consortium were surveyed to interpret metastatic risk cutoffs in a clinical context. Findings Eight out of eleven clinico-pathological variables were selected. The model showed good discriminative ability, with an optimism-corrected C-index of 0.80 (95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.75-0.85) in the development cohort and a C-index of 0.84 (95% CI 0.81-0.87) in the validation cohort. Model predictions were well-calibrated: the calibration slope was 0.96 (95% CI 0.76-1.16) in the validation cohort. Decision curve analysis showed improved net benefit compared to current staging systems, particularly for thresholds relevant for decisions on follow-up and adjuvant treatment. The model is available as an online web-based calculator (https://emc-dermatology.shinyapps.io/cscc-abs-met-risk/). Interpretation This validated model assigns personalised metastatic risk predictions to patients with cSCC, using routinely reported histological and patient-specific risk factors. The model can empower clinicians and healthcare systems in identifying patients with high-risk cSCC and offering personalised care/treatment and follow-up. Use of the model for clinical decision-making in different patient populations must be further investigated. Funding PPP Allowance made available by Health-Holland, Top Sector Life Sciences & Health, to stimulate public-private partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rentroia-Pacheco
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Selin Tokez
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edo M. Bramer
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zoe C. Venables
- Department of Dermatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
- National Disease Registration Service, NHS England, United Kingdom
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Harmen J.G. van de Werken
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - David van Klaveren
- Department of Public Health, Center for Medical Decision Making, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antien L. Mooyaart
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loes M. Hollestein
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marlies Wakkee
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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