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Cappelletto E, Kwok SC, Sorret L, Fuentes N, Medina AM, Burleigh S, Fast J, Mackenzie IS, Fureby AM, Paulsson M, Wahlgren M, Elofsson U, Flynn A, Miolo G, Nyström L, De Laureto PP, De Paoli G. Impact of Post Manufacturing Handling of Protein-Based Biologic Drugs on Product Quality and User Centricity. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:2055-2064. [PMID: 38810881 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
This article evaluates the current gaps around the impact of post-manufacturing processes on the product qualities of protein-based biologics, with a focus on user centricity. It includes the evaluation of the regulatory guidance available, describes a collection of scientific literature and case studies to showcase the impact of post-manufacturing stresses on product and dosing solution quality. It also outlines the complexity of clinical handling and the need for communication, and alignment between drug providers, healthcare professionals, users, and patients. Regulatory agencies provide clear expectations for drug manufacturing processes, however, guidance supporting post-product manufacturing handling is less defined and often misaligned. This is problematic as the pharmaceutical products experience numerous stresses and processes which can potentially impact drug quality, safety and efficacy. This article aims to stimulate discussion amongst pharmaceutical developers, health care providers, device manufacturers, and public researchers to improve these processes. Patients and caregivers' awareness can be achieved by providing relevant educational material on pharmaceutical product handling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stanley C Kwok
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceutical Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, 1 Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Léa Sorret
- Drug Product Services, Lonza AG, Hochbergerstrasse 60G, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Fuentes
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceutical Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, 1 Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Annette M Medina
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceutical Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, 1 Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Stephen Burleigh
- Drug Product Services, Lonza AG, Hochbergerstrasse 60G, 4057 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Food Technology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Fast
- Pharmaceutical Development & Supplies, PTD, Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isla S Mackenzie
- MEMO Research, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mattias Paulsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Wahlgren
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Food Technology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulla Elofsson
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela Flynn
- MEMO Research, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Miolo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova (UNIPD)
| | - Lina Nyström
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Giorgia De Paoli
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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Gupta S, Schöneich C, Rathore AS. Assessment of change in the basic variants composition of trastuzumab during dilution in saline for administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114295. [PMID: 38636881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Postproduction handling of drug products during preparation or clinical use may affect the structure and efficacy of the drug and perhaps remain unnoticed. Since chemical modifications can impact the product's structure, stability, and biological activity, this study investigates the impact of elevated temperature and subtle shift in pH on the drug product post-dilution in saline. The mAb sample diluted in saline for administration was stressed at elevated temperature and slightly acidic pH condition. Extended stability studies were performed and monitored for size and charge heterogeneity. Size heterogeneity shows no significant changes, whereas charge heterogeneity shows an increase in basic variants and a reduction in main species. Further, basic variants were isolated and characterized to identify the type and site of chemical modification. Intact mass analysis and peptide mapping identify that the basic variants were attributed mainly to the isomerization of HC Asp102 into iso-Asp or its succinimide intermediate. Four basic variants were found to exhibit similar structural properties as the main and control samples. However, basic variants showed reduced binding affinity to HER2 receptor, while there was no significant difference in FcRn binding. The results indicate that modification in the HC Asp102, which is present in the CDR, affects antigen binding and thus can influence the potency of the drug product. Hence, with the conventional stability studies required to license the drug product, including in-use or extended stability studies to mimic the postproduction handling would be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,New Delhi 110016, India
| | | | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,New Delhi 110016, India.
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Weiser S, Burns C, Zartler ER. Physicochemical stability of PF-06439535 (bevacizumab-bvzr; Zirabev ®), a bevacizumab biosimilar, under extended in-use conditions. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2022:10781552221088020. [PMID: 35312402 DOI: 10.1177/10781552221088020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PF-06439535 (bevacizumab-bvzr; Zirabev®) is a bevacizumab biosimilar. The stability profile and functional activity of PF-06439535 after dilution for intravenous infusion was evaluated following extended storage conditions. METHODS PF-06439535 drug product was diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride to produce final concentrations of 1.4 and 16.5 mg/mL of PF-06439535, representing clinically relevant low and high doses for intravenous infusion. Three drug product lots and three infusion bag types (polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and polyvinyl chloride) were tested. To simulate the potential preparation and administration conditions encountered in a clinical setting, prepared drug solutions were initially stored at 25 ± 5°C for 24 ± 2 h, and then at 5 ± 3°C for up to 6 weeks. Extended storage was followed by storage at 25 ± 5°C for 24 ± 2 h before testing. Physicochemical and biological stability were evaluated according to visual characteristics and pH, protein concentration, particulate content, the proportions of molecular weight variants and charge variants, and relative potency. A wide range of analytical techniques optimized for PF-06439535 assessment were employed, such as size-exclusion chromatography, non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate capillary electrophoresis, cation-exchange chromatography, far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and an in vitro cell-based bioassay. RESULTS For all concentrations, drug product lots, infusion bag types, and time points tested, there were no significant changes in protein concentration and no notable differences in visual characteristics (color, clarity, and visible particulates). The abundance of molecular weight variants and charge variants remained stable over the 6-week study period. There were no stability concerns with regard to sub-visible particles. There were no significant changes in primary, secondary, or tertiary structure. Finally, the in vitro relative potency of PF-06439535 was maintained throughout the study period. CONCLUSIONS The stability and biological activity of PF-06439535 was maintained after dilution and storage for up to 6 weeks at 2-8°C, demonstrating the integrity of diluted PF-06439535 under extended in-use conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Weiser
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 2253Pfizer Inc, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Chris Burns
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 2253Pfizer Inc, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Edward R Zartler
- Biosimilars Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2253Pfizer Inc., Lake Forest, IL, USA.,Current affiliation: Product Attribute Sciences, 375144Molecular Templates, Austin, TX, USA
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Weiser S, Burns C, Zartler ER. Physicochemical stability of PF-05280014 (trastuzumab-qyyp; TrazimeraTM), a trastuzumab biosimilar, under extended in-use conditions. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2022; 29:590-600. [PMID: 35072574 DOI: 10.1177/10781552221074649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The stability and functional activity of the trastuzumab biosimilar PF-05280014 (trastuzumab-qyyp; TrazimeraTM), was assessed under extended in-use conditions. Methods PF-05280014 was diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride to final concentrations of 0.2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL in 3 different types of infusion bags (polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and polyvinyl chloride). Infusion bags containing diluted PF-05280014 were stored at 25 ± 5° C for 24 h, before storage at 5 ± 3° C for 0, 1, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Following extended storage, samples of PF-05280014 were removed from the infusion bags and stored at 25 ± 5° C for 24 h before biophysical and functional characterization. In addition to the visual characteristics of each sample at the various time points, the stability of PF-05280014 was assessed using a variety of biophysical techniques, including size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography, non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate capillary electrophoresis, cation-exchange chromatography, peptide mapping, far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The functional activity of PF-05280014 was evaluated using a cell-based growth inhibition assay. Results For all PF-05280014 concentrations, time points and infusion bags tested, there were no significant differences in visual characteristics or in protein concentration. The were no significant changes in the relative abundance of molecular weight or charge variants throughout the 6-week study period. Similarly, there were no significant changes in primary structure or in secondary structure content during the study. The relative potency of PF-05280014 was also maintained throughout the 6-week period. Conclusions The stability and functional activity of PF-05280014 was maintained following dilution in 0.9% sodium chloride and storage for up to 6 weeks at 2–8° C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Weiser
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Burns
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Edward R. Zartler
- Biosimilars Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., 275 N Field Dr, Lake Forest, IL, USA
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Chavda H. In-use stability studies: guidelines and challenges. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:1373-1391. [PMID: 34663148 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1994991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical products delivered in multidose containers require in-use stability studies. Moreover, those pharmaceutical products requiring dilution or reconstitution prior to use also require in-use stability studies. In-use stability can be described as how well a pharmaceutical product remains stable during in-use within a particular closure system. During the in-use period, the pharmaceutical product remains within its physical, chemical, and microbiological specifications and retains its safety, efficacy, and performance. Even though the different guidelines are available, specific information for in-use stability studies that can smoothly guide applicant for regulatory submission is not at par. In-use stability studies should be performed in accordance to the various guidelines published by the regulatory agencies or by appropriate, justifiable ways that satisfy the regulators. This review explores current in-use stability guidelines, numerous examples of performed in-use stability studies, challenges to in-use stability and other relevant aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chavda
- Technology Transfer Department, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gujarat, India
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