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Harvard S, Winsberg E. Patient and Public Involvement in Health Economics Modelling Raises the Need for Normative Guidance. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2023; 41:733-740. [PMID: 37106229 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-023-01274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Patient and public involvement in health economics research and health technology assessment has been increasing for some time; however, patient and public involvement in health economics modelling is a more recent development. One reason to advance this type of involvement is to help appropriately manage the social and ethical value judgements that are required throughout model development and interpretation. At the same time, patient and public involvement in health economics modelling raises numerous practical and philosophical issues that invite discussion and debate. Recently, we attended an engagement event which invited patients, members of the public, researchers and decision-makers to discuss some of these issues. One priority that emerged in the discussion was to develop normative guidance for patient and public involvement in health economics modelling. In this article, we reflect on this goal from our own perspective, focusing on why normative guidance is needed and what questions that guidance should answer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Harvard
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Canada.
| | - Eric Winsberg
- Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge, CB2 3RH, UK
- Department of Philosophy, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
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2
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Daniel Mullins C, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: Updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. HEALTH POLICY OPEN 2022; 3:100063. [PMID: 37383570 PMCID: PMC10297740 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2022; 23:1309-1317. [PMID: 35084632 PMCID: PMC9550741 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-021-01426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc.). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Economics, 879 Winnington Ave, Ottawa, ON, K2B 5C4, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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Bunka M, Ghanbarian S, Riches L, Landry G, Edwards L, Hoens AM, Bryan S. Collaborating with Patient Partners to Model Clinical Care Pathways in Major Depressive Disorder: The Benefits of Mixing Evidence and Lived Experience. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2022; 40:971-977. [PMID: 35877043 PMCID: PMC9522760 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-022-01175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Partnering with patients can enrich the design and development of models of clinical care pathways, yet the practice is not commonplace. Guidelines or "best practices" for patient involvement in modeling are scarce. OBJECTIVES In this paper, we outline the steps we took to form an effective partnership with patients to design a robust microsimulation Markov model of major depressive disorder care pathways in British Columbia, Canada, with the aim of encouraging other teams to partner with patients in healthcare modeling endeavors. METHODS We describe three unique phases of our collaborative process: uncertainty, mapping, and structured collaboration. We then explore the unique contributions the patient partners made, not only to the model itself, but to our process. Key perspectives are shared from both the modeler and the patient partners in their own words. RESULTS The patient partners made distinct contributions by challenging and verifying modeling assumptions, noting limitations of the model, and suggesting areas for future research. Both the patient partners and the modelers saw great value in the partnership and agreed that the model was strengthened by the diversity of the team. CONCLUSIONS We present our learning and key recommendations for future modeling teams in the absence of tested frameworks. We encourage more widespread adoption of patient involvement in modeling and the development of guidelines for such work to increase the democracy of scientific decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Bunka
- School for Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, 712 - 828 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Shahzad Ghanbarian
- School for Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, 712 - 828 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | | | | | - Louisa Edwards
- School for Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, 712 - 828 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Alison M Hoens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stirling Bryan
- School for Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, 712 - 828 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Statement: Updated Reporting Guidance for Health Economic Evaluations. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2022; 40:601-609. [PMID: 35015272 PMCID: PMC9130151 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-021-01112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, and the increased role of stakeholder involvement, including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as healthcare, public health, education, social care, etc.). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer-reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, AL, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Hepatitis C Program Office, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Statement: Updated Reporting Guidance for Health Economic Evaluations. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2022; 20:213-221. [PMID: 35015207 PMCID: PMC8847248 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-021-00704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, AL, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Statement: Updated Reporting Guidance for Health Economic Evaluations. Clin Ther 2022; 44:158-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, de Bekker-Grob E, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. BJOG 2022; 129:336-344. [PMID: 35014160 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Drummond
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - F Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - C Carswell
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - E de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, School of Public Health, Israel
| | - E Loder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,The BMJ, London, UK
| | - J Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C D Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R-F Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - S Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2022; 28:146-155. [PMID: 35098747 PMCID: PMC10372979 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2022.28.2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- adjunct professor, senior associate, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Drummond
- Michael Drummond, professor, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Federico Augustovski
- director, professor of public health, principal researcher, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- full professor of health economics & health preferences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- professor of health economics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | - Chris Carswell
- senior editor, Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Caulley
- assistant professor, associate scientist, doctoral candidate, Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- professor, Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- professor, Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- professor, head of research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The BMJ, London, UK
| | - Josephine Mauskopf
- vice president, RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- professor and chair, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- professor of health economics, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- professor of health research, on behalf of CHEERS 2022 ISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force. Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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10
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:114. [PMID: 35081957 PMCID: PMC8793223 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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11
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:179. [PMID: 35081920 PMCID: PMC8793177 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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12
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. BMC Med 2022; 20:23. [PMID: 35022047 PMCID: PMC8753858 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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13
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35016547 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2022.cheers] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- adjunct professor, senior associate, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Drummond
- professor, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Federico Augustovski
- director, professor of public health, principal researcher, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- full professor of health economics & health preferences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- professor of health economics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | - Chris Carswell
- senior editor, Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Caulley
- assistant professor, associate scientist, doctoral candidate, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- professor, Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- professor, Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- professor, head of research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The BMJ, London, UK
| | - Josephine Mauskopf
- Josephine Mauskopf, vice president, RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- professor and chair, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- professor of health economics, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- professor of health research, on behalf of CHEERS 2022 ISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force. Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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14
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. BMJ 2022; 376:e067975. [PMID: 35017145 PMCID: PMC8749494 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-067975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires; University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The BMJ, London, UK
| | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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15
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Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2022; 38:e13. [PMID: 35007499 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462321001732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc.). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer-reviewed journals, as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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16
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Statement: Updated Reporting Guidance for Health Economic Evaluations. J Med Econ 2022; 25:1-7. [PMID: 35012427 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2021.2014721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires; University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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17
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Statement: Updated Reporting Guidance for Health Economic Evaluations. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2022; 25:3-9. [PMID: 35031096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.11.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 152.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, The BMJ, London, UK
| | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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18
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. MDM Policy Pract 2022; 7:23814683211061097. [PMID: 35036563 PMCID: PMC8755935 DOI: 10.1177/23814683211061097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Drummond
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Federico Augustovski
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Chris Carswell
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Lisa Caulley
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Dan Greenberg
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Josephine Mauskopf
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Stavros Petrou
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Health Economics, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
- Adis Journals, Springer Nature, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The BMJ, London, UK
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stavros Petros., Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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19
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Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, Caulley L, Chaiyakunapruk N, Greenberg D, Loder E, Mauskopf J, Mullins CD, Petrou S, Pwu RF, Staniszewska S. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) 2022 Explanation and Elaboration: A Report of the ISPOR CHEERS II Good Practices Task Force. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2022; 25:10-31. [PMID: 35031088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces the previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, and the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as healthcare, public health, education, and social care). This Explanation and Elaboration Report presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist with recommendations and explanation and examples for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer-reviewed journals and the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. Nevertheless, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, given that there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Husereau
- University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (Husereau).
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS- CONICET), Buenos Aires; University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esther de Bekker-Grob
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew H Briggs
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, UK
| | | | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The BMJ, London, UK
| | - Josephine Mauskopf
- RTI Health Solutions, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - C Daniel Mullins
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raoh-Fang Pwu
- National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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20
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Hall R, Medina-Lara A, Hamilton W, Spencer AE. Attributes Used for Cancer Screening Discrete Choice Experiments: A Systematic Review. PATIENT-PATIENT CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2021; 15:269-285. [PMID: 34671946 DOI: 10.1007/s40271-021-00559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from discrete choice experiments can be used to enrich understanding of preferences, inform the (re)design of screening programmes and/or improve communication within public campaigns about the benefits and harms of screening. However, reviews of screening discrete choice experiments highlight significant discrepancies between stated choices and real choices, particularly regarding willingness to undergo cancer screening. The identification and selection of attributes and associated levels is a fundamental component of designing a discrete choice experiment. Misspecification or misinterpretation of attributes may lead to non-compensatory behaviours, attribute non-attendance and responses that lack external validity. OBJECTIVES We aimed to synthesise evidence on attribute development, alongside an in-depth review of included attributes and methodological challenges, to provide a resource for researchers undertaking future studies in cancer screening. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to identify discrete choice experiments estimating preferences towards cancer screening, dated between 1990 and December 2020. Data were synthesised narratively. In-depth analysis of attributes led to classification into four categories: test specific, service delivery, outcomes and monetary. Attribute significance and relative importance were also analysed. The International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research conjoint analysis checklist was used to assess the quality of reporting. RESULTS Forty-nine studies were included at full text. They covered a range of cancer sites: over half (26/49) examined colorectal screening. Most studies elicited general public preferences (34/49). In total, 280 attributes were included, 90% (252/280) of which were significant. Overall, test sensitivity and mortality reduction were most frequently found to be the most important to respondents. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in reporting the identification, selection and construction of attributes used within cancer screening discrete choice experiments are needed. This review also highlights the importance of considering the complexity of choice tasks when considering risk information or compound attributes. Patient and public involvement and stakeholder engagement are recommended to optimise understanding of unavoidably complex choice tasks throughout the design process. To ensure quality and maximise comparability across studies, further research is needed to develop a risk-of-bias measure for discrete choice experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Hall
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
| | - Antonieta Medina-Lara
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Willie Hamilton
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Anne E Spencer
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
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Goodwin E, Davey A, Green C, Hawton A. What drives differences in preferences for health states between patients and the public? A qualitative investigation of respondents' thought processes. Soc Sci Med 2021; 282:114150. [PMID: 34171703 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cost-effectiveness analyses using quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) are used in decision-making regarding which interventions are available via many national healthcare systems. QALYs are calculated based on health state values provided by preference elicitation techniques. Several national decision-making bodies recommend that health state values should be based on preferences elicited from general populations, rather than from patients. Previous studies have shown systematic differences between health state values elicited from members of the general population and from patients. Various explanations for this phenomenon have been proposed, however empirical evidence for these is scarce. We aimed to explore possible reasons for discrepancies between public and patient valuations by undertaking qualitative cognitive interviews, asking 14 members of the general population and 12 people with multiple sclerosis (MS) to think aloud while completing a preference elicitation task (time trade-off) for MS-related health states. The interviews were undertaken between December 2016 and October 2017 in the South West region of England, and were analysed using the Framework Method. As anticipated, we found that participants with MS had more experience of health problems and used this experience to consider how they might adapt to the health states over time, and which dimensions of health-related quality of life were most important to them. We found no evidence that participants with MS were less affected by framing effects and focusing illusions, more likely to prioritise non-physical dimensions of health, or more prone to loss aversion, endowment effects and non-compensatory decision-making. These findings contribute to our understanding of how patients and members of the general population respond to preference elicitation exercises, and why their preferences may differ, and may help to inform developing areas of research, such as the joint presentation of cost-effectiveness results from multiple perspectives, and the use of preferences elicited from patients for experienced health states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Goodwin
- Health Economics Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Antoinette Davey
- Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care (APEx), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Colin Green
- Health Economics Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) South West Peninsula, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Annie Hawton
- Health Economics Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) South West Peninsula, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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Patient and Public Involvement in Health Economics and Outcomes Research. PATIENT-PATIENT CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2021; 14:379-380. [PMID: 33728553 DOI: 10.1007/s40271-021-00505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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The PACTS principles for patient involvement in health economics research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 865:31. [PMID: 33144829 PMCID: PMC7596308 DOI: 10.1007/s40274-020-7255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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