Association of E-selectin gene polymorphism and serum PAPP-A with carotid atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease

Association study between polymorphisms in MIA3, SELE, SMAD3 and CETP genes and coronary artery disease in an Iranian population

Background

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common heart disease. Several studies have shown association between some polymorphism in different genes with CAD. Finding this association can be used in order to early diagnosis and prevention of CAD.

Method

101 CAD patients with ≥ 50% luminal stenosis of any coronary vessel as case group and 111 healthy individuals as control group were selected. the polymorphisms were evaluated by ARMS-PCR and RFLP-PCR methods.

Result

The results of this study show that there is no significant association between rs17228212, rs17465637, and rs708272 and risk of CAD. But there is significant association between risk of CAD and rs5355 (p-value = 0.022) and rs3917406 (p-value = 0.006) in total cases, and rs5882 (p-value = 0.001) in male cases.

Conclusions

Our findings revealed a significant interaction between CETP SNPs and CETP activity for affecting HDL-C levels. The SELE gene is a known cell adhesion molecule with a significant role in inflammation. Studies about possible linkage between SELE gene polymorphisms and the development of CAD are conflicting. We have found a significant association between polymorphisms of SELE gene and risk of CAD.

Association of E-Selectin gene rs5361 polymorphism with ischemic stroke susceptibility: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Over the years, a number of published studies showed that E-Selectin gene rs5361 (S128R, Ser128Arg, A561C) variants were associated with the risk of ischemic stroke (IS). However, the results of those case-control studies were still equivocal. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between E-Selectin gene rs5361 polymorphism and IS risk.

METHODS

We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, VIP, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and Wanfang databases for obtainning the eligible studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the relationship of E-Selectin gene rs5361 polymorphism with IS susceptibility under the dominant and allelic model with fixed or random effects model.

RESULTS

Totally, 13 studies with 2888 cases and 2976 controls were selected in this systematic review and meta-analysis This meta-analysis obtained that E-Selectin gene rs5361variants contributed to increase the risk of IS (C vs. A: OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.70-2.92, p < 0.001). We also performed a sub-analysis by ethnicity, the results indicated that rs5361 variants were related to an increased risk of IS (East Asian population: C vs. A: OR = 1.97, 95%CI =1.58-2.45, p < 0.001; African population: C vs. A: OR = 5.52, 95%CI = 3.48-8.76, p < 0.001; Caucasian population: C vs. A: OR =1.67, 95%CI =1.32-2.10, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Therefore, our meta-analysis suggested that C allele, AA and AC genotypes of E-Selectin gene rs5361 variants were related to an increased risk of IS in overall populations.

Polymorphism related to cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis subjects: a systematic review

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) subjects. In addition to the traditional risk factors that are common in these individuals, genetic factors are also involved, with emphasis on single nucleotide polymorphs (SNPs). In this context, the present study aims to systematically review the studies that investigated the polymorphisms associated with cardiovascular risk in this population. In general, the SNPs present in HD individuals are those of genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress and vascular calcification, also able of interfering in the cardiovascular risk of this population. In addition, polymorphisms in genes related to recognized risk factors for CVD, such as dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, also influence cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Association of E-selectin with hematological, hormonal levels and plasma proteins in children with end stage renal disease

Background:

Hypercoagulable state is a common serious problem in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD patients are in a condition of chronic inflammation. An increased level of E-selectin, “a key adhesion molecule that regulates leukocyte bindings to endothelium at damaged sites,” accompanies the higher risk of inflammation in ESRD patients. We aimed to investigate the possible correlation among E-selectin as an adhesion molecule, coagulation factors, and inflammatory factors in children with ESRD.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-five child patients with ESRD who had been on regular dialysis treatment were registered in our study. Nighteen sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers were used as the control group. Laboratory tests were requested for the evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters, and parathyroid hormone (PTH), and for coagulation state; fibrinogen, protein C, and protein S were measured. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Biomerica, CA, and IDS, UK). for serum E-selectin assay was provided by R and D Systems (Abingdon, UK).

Results:

Hemoglubolin (Hb), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, calcium, PTH, triglyceride (TG) concentrations in serum as well as E-selectin showed significant difference between the two study groups, as indeed was expected. Serum E-selectin was significantly higher (P value = 0.033) in dialysis patients than in healthy subjects. E-selectin was positively correlated only with phosphorus in ESRD children (r = 0.398, P = 0.018). No association was found for other parameters.

Conclusion:

Although in our study circulating E-selectin concentration “as an inflammatory maker” is independently positively associated with limited blood markers, for better evaluation, well-designed cohort studies should be examined in ESRD children.

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a significant problem in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Subclinical atherosclerosis identified by noninvasive methods could improve CVD risk prediction in CKD but these methods are often unavailable. We therefore systematically reviewed whether circulating levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in CKD, as this would support their use as biomarkers or pharmacologic targets. Methods. All major electronic databases were systematically searched from inception until May 2015 using appropriate terms. Studies involving CKD patients with data on circulating MMPs levels and atherosclerosis were considered and subjected to quality assessment. Results. Overall, 16 studies were identified for qualitative synthesis and 9 studies were included in quantitative synthesis. MMP-2 and TIMP-1 were most frequently studied while most studies assessed carotid Intima-Media Thickness (cIMT) as a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. Only MMP-2 demonstrated a consistent positive association with cIMT. Considerable variability in cIMT measurement methodology and poor plaque assessment was found. Conclusions. Although MMPs demonstrate great potential as biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis, they are understudied in CKD and not enough data existed for meta-analysis. Larger studies involving several MMPs, with more homogenized approaches in determining the atherosclerotic burden in CKD, are needed.