2
|
Vilaplana E, Rodriguez-Vieitez E, Ferreira D, Montal V, Almkvist O, Wall A, Lleó A, Westman E, Graff C, Fortea J, Nordberg A. Cortical microstructural correlates of astrocytosis in autosomal-dominant Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2020; 94:e2026-e2036. [PMID: 32291295 PMCID: PMC7282881 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the macrostructural and microstructural MRI correlates of brain astrocytosis, measured with 11C-deuterium-L-deprenyl (11C-DED)-PET, in familial autosomal-dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD). METHODS The total sample (n = 31) comprised ADAD mutation carriers (n = 10 presymptomatic, 39.2 ± 10.6 years old; n = 3 symptomatic, 55.5 ± 2.0 years old) and noncarriers (n = 18, 44.0 ± 13.7 years old) belonging to families with mutations in either the presenilin-1 or amyloid precursor protein genes. All participants underwent structural and diffusion MRI and neuropsychological assessment, and 20 participants (6 presymptomatic and 3 symptomatic mutation carriers and 11 noncarriers) also underwent 11C-DED-PET. RESULTS Vertex-wise interaction analyses revealed a differential relationship between carriers and noncarriers in the association between 11C-DED binding and estimated years to onset (EYO) and between cortical mean diffusivity (MD) and EYO. These differences were due to higher 11C-DED binding in presymptomatic carriers, with lower binding in symptomatic carriers compared to noncarriers, and to lower cortical MD in presymptomatic carriers, with higher MD in symptomatic carriers compared to noncarriers. Using a vertex-wise local correlation approach, 11C-DED binding was negatively correlated with cortical MD and positively correlated with cortical thickness. CONCLUSIONS Our proof-of-concept study is the first to show that microstructural and macrostructural changes can reflect underlying neuroinflammatory mechanisms in early stages of Alzheimer disease (AD). The findings support a role for neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis, with potential implications for the correct interpretation of neuroimaging biomarkers as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Vilaplana
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Montal
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ove Almkvist
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Wall
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Lleó
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Westman
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Graff
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Fortea
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- From the Memory Unit, Department of Neurology (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED (E.V., V.M., A.L., J.F.), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurobiology (E.R.-V., D.F., O.A., E.W., A.N.), Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, and Division of Neurogeriatrics (C.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Department of Psychology (O.A.), Stockholm University; The Aging Brain Unit (O.A., A.N.) and Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET (A.W.), Uppsala University, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sridharan S, Lepelletier FX, Trigg W, Banister S, Reekie T, Kassiou M, Gerhard A, Hinz R, Boutin H. Comparative Evaluation of Three TSPO PET Radiotracers in a LPS-Induced Model of Mild Neuroinflammation in Rats. Mol Imaging Biol 2017; 19:77-89. [PMID: 27481358 PMCID: PMC5209405 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-0984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Over the past 20 years, neuroinflammation (NI) has increasingly been recognised as having an important role in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. As such, being able to image NI non-invasively in patients is critical to monitor pathological processes and potential therapies targeting neuroinflammation. The translocator protein (TSPO) has proven a reliable NI biomarker for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. However, if TSPO imaging in acute conditions such as stroke provides strong and reliable signals, TSPO imaging in neurodegenerative diseases has proven more challenging. Here, we report results comparing the recently developed TSPO tracers [18F]GE-180 and [18F]DPA-714 with (R)-[11C]PK11195 in a rodent model of subtle focal inflammation. Procedures Adult male Wistar rats were stereotactically injected with 1 μg lipopolysaccharide in the right striatum. Three days later, animals underwent a 60-min PET scan with (R)-[11C]PK11195 and [18F]GE-180 (n = 6) or [18F]DPA-714 (n = 6). Ten animals were scanned with either [18F]GE-180 (n = 5) or [18F]DPA-714 (n = 5) only. Kinetic analysis of PET data was performed using the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) with a contralateral reference region or a novel data-driven input to estimate binding potential BPND. Autoradiography and immunohistochemistry were performed to confirm in vivo results. Results At 40–60 min post-injection, [18F]GE-180 dual-scanned animals showed a significantly increased core/contralateral uptake ratio vs. the same animals scanned with (R)-[11C]PK11195 (3.41 ± 1.09 vs. 2.43 ± 0.39, p = 0.03); [18]DPA-714 did not (2.80 ± 0.69 vs. 2.26 ± 0.41). Kinetic modelling with a contralateral reference region identified significantly higher binding potential (BPND) in the core of the LPS injection site with [18F]GE-180 but not with [18F]DPA-714 vs. (R)-[11C]PK11195. A cerebellar reference region and novel data-driven input to the SRTM were unable to distinguish differences in tracer BPND. Conclusions Second-generation TSPO-PET tracers are able to accurately detect mild-level NI. In this model, [18F]GE-180 shows a higher core/contralateral ratio and BPND when compared to (R)-[11C]PK11195, while [18F]DPA-714 did not. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11307-016-0984-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Sridharan
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK
| | | | - William Trigg
- GE Healthcare, The Grove Centre, Amersham, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Samuel Banister
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tristan Reekie
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alexander Gerhard
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK
| | - Hervé Boutin
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Raj D, Yin Z, Breur M, Doorduin J, Holtman IR, Olah M, Mantingh-Otter IJ, Van Dam D, De Deyn PP, den Dunnen W, Eggen BJL, Amor S, Boddeke E. Increased White Matter Inflammation in Aging- and Alzheimer's Disease Brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:206. [PMID: 28713239 PMCID: PMC5492660 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation, which is primarily mediated by microglia, plays an essential role in aging and neurodegeneration. It is still unclear whether this microglia-induced neuroinflammation occurs globally or is confined to distinct brain regions. In this study, we investigated microglia activity in various brain regions upon healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology in both human and mouse samples. In purified microglia isolated from aging mouse brains, we found a profound gene expression pattern related to pro-inflammatory processes, phagocytosis, and lipid homeostasis. Particularly in white matter microglia of 24-month-old mice, abundant expression of phagocytic markers including Mac-2, Axl, CD16/32, Dectin1, CD11c, and CD36 was detected. Interestingly, in white matter of human brain tissue the first signs of inflammatory activity were already detected during middle age. Thus quantification of microglial proteins, such as CD68 (commonly associated with phagocytosis) and HLA-DR (associated with antigen presentation), in postmortem human white matter brain tissue showed an age-dependent increase in immunoreactivity already in middle-aged people (53.2 ± 2.0 years). This early inflammation was also detectable by non-invasive positron emission tomography imaging using [11C]-(R)-PK11195, a ligand that binds to activated microglia. Increased microglia activity was also prominently present in the white matter of human postmortem early-onset AD (EOAD) brain tissue. Interestingly, microglia activity in the white matter of late-onset AD (LOAD) CNS was similar to that of the aged clinically silent AD cases. These data indicate that microglia-induced neuroinflammation is predominant in the white matter of aging mice and humans as well as in EOAD brains. This white matter inflammation may contribute to the progression of neurodegeneration, and have prognostic value for detecting the onset and progression of aging and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Raj
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Zhuoran Yin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Marjolein Breur
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical CenterAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Inge R Holtman
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Marta Olah
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Ietje J Mantingh-Otter
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Debby Van Dam
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of AntwerpWilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of AntwerpWilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands.,Biobank, Institute Born-BungeWilrijk, Belgium
| | - Wilfred den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Amor
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical CenterAmsterdam, Netherlands.,Neuroimmunology Unit, Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|