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García Pérez A, Villanueva Gutiérrez T, González-Aragón Pineda AE, Murillo Santos KL, Pérez Pérez NG. Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization Is Associated with the Prevalence of Thinness among Schoolchildren in Communities with Different Fluoride Levels in the Drinking Water. Int J Dent 2024; 2024:6212877. [PMID: 39036520 PMCID: PMC11259503 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6212877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and the prevalence of thinness among Mexican schoolchildren in communities with different fluoride levels in the drinking water. Methods A cross-sectional study on Mexican children (n = 488) selected from two communities presenting different concentrations of fluoride in the drinking water (1.0-1.40 ppm/F). The World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards were used to calculate BMI-for-age z-scores, with BMI z-score cutoff points of <-2.0, >+1.0, >+2.0 recommended for defining thinness, being overweight, and obesity. The presence and severity of MIH were evaluated using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association, adjusting for confounders. Results The proportion of children presenting thinness, being overweight, and obesity was 8.2%, 23.6%, and 28.7%, respectively, while 21.5% of the schoolchildren had MIH, classified, by severity, as 9.6% mild, 6.4% moderate, and 5.5% severe. Of those schoolchildren presenting thinness, 16.2% had MIH, and only 6.0% did not (p < 0.001). Finally, schoolchildren presenting thinness were more likely to present MIH (OR = 2.76 (CI 95% 1.33-5.73); p=0.006) than children with a normal BMI. Conclusion The present study found a relationship between thinness and the presence of MIH in schoolchildren, indicating the need for strategies and interventions aimed at preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies in the child population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro García Pérez
- Laboratory of Public Health ResearchFaculty of Higher Studies (FES)National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Iztacala, Mexico
| | | | | | - Karla Lizbeth Murillo Santos
- Pediatric Stomatology SpecialtiesFaculty of Higher Studies (FES) IztacalaNational Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nora Guillermina Pérez Pérez
- Laboratory of Public Health ResearchFaculty of Higher Studies (FES)National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Iztacala, Mexico
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Vollú AL, Pintor AVB, Maranón-Vásquez GA, Magno MB, Maia LC, Fonseca-Gonçalves A. Are low serum levels of Vitamin D associated with dental developmental defects in primary teeth? A systematic review. Evid Based Dent 2024; 25:110. [PMID: 38200326 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify, qualify and synthesize all studies that assessed if low serum level of 25(OH)D (<50 nmol/L) is associated with dental developmental defects (DDD) in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observational studies or clinical trials were included if measured 25(OH)D serum levels in pregnant women and/or in their children (up to 3 years old) and evaluated the occurrence of DDD in the primary dentition of offspring associated with the low 25(OH)D levels. Literature reviews, case reports, laboratory and/or animals' studies, conference abstracts, letters to the editor, book chapters and clinical protocols were excluded. Searches were carried out in 6 electronic databases and in the gray literature until March 2023, without restrictions. The study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the certainty of the evidence by GRADE. Data were descriptively synthesized considering the association between DDD and 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS Seven studies were included. Only developmental enamel defects (DED) were observed after examination of 6651 children. The incidence of DED ranged from 8.9% to 66%. Six studies found no association between low levels of 25(OH)D and DED. However, one reported correlation between hypomineralization of the primary second molar (HSMD) and low levels of 25(OH)D at birth. Methodological flaws were observed in all studies and the certainty of the evidence was very low. CONCLUSION Although HSMD was the only DDD associated with low levels of 25(OH)D in children, the available evidence is still not conclusive. More robust studies are needed to endorse the biological plausibility of DDD in primary teeth due to low serum levels of 25(OH)D in pregnant women or in their children. FAPERJ financed this study, which was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022357511).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Vollú
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Vaz Braga Pintor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guido A Maranón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela Barauna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Bačun B, Galić D, Pul L, Tomas M, Kuiš D. Manifestations and Treatment of Hypovitaminosis in Oral Diseases: A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:152. [PMID: 38920853 PMCID: PMC11202551 DOI: 10.3390/dj12060152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This review's objective is to examine the findings from various studies on oral signs and symptoms related to vitamin deficiency. In October 2023, two electronic databases (Scopus and PubMed) were searched for published scientific articles following PRISMA principles. Articles eligible for inclusion in this review had to be published in English between 2017 and 2023, be original studies, and involve human subjects. Fifteen studies were included in this review: three examining oral symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency; one assessing vitamin B complex and vitamin E for recurrent oral ulcers; one investigating serum vitamin D levels in recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients; three exploring hypovitaminosis effects on dental caries; two measuring blood serum vitamin D levels; one evaluating vitamin B12 hypovitaminosis; three investigating hypovitaminosis as indicative of gingival disease; one focusing on vitamin deficiencies and enamel developmental abnormalities; one assessing vitamin deficiencies in oral cancer patients; one examining vitamin K as an oral anticoagulant and its role in perioperative hemorrhage; and one evaluating vitamin effects on burning mouth syndrome. Despite some limitations, evidence suggests a correlation between vitamin deficiencies and oral symptoms. This systematic review was registered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (INPLASY) database (202430039).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bačun
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health of Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Dora Galić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health of Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Luka Pul
- Community Healthcare Center of Osijek-Baranja County, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Matej Tomas
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health of Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Davor Kuiš
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health of Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine Rijeka, University of Rijeka, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Gomersall JC, Slack-Smith L, Kilpatrick N, Muthu MS, Riggs E. Interventions with pregnant women, new mothers and other primary caregivers for preventing early childhood caries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 5:CD012155. [PMID: 38753314 PMCID: PMC11098061 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012155.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries, a common chronic disease of childhood, is associated with adverse health and economic consequences for infants and their families. Socioeconomically disadvantaged children have a higher risk of early childhood caries (ECC). This review updates one published in 2019. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions undertaken with pregnant women, new mothers or other primary caregivers of infants in the first year of life, for preventing ECC (from birth to six years). SEARCH METHODS We searched Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL EBSCO, the US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (clinicaltrials.gov) and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (apps.who.int/trialsearch). The latest searches were run on 3 January, 2023. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interventions with pregnant women, or new mothers and other primary caregivers of infants in the first year of life, against standard care, placebo or another intervention, reporting on a primary outcome: caries presence in primary teeth, dmfs (decayed, missing, filled primary surfaces index), or dmft (decayed, missing, filled teeth index), in children up to six years of age. Intervention types include clinical, oral health promotion/education (hygiene education, breastfeeding and other dietary advice) and policy or service. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed study eligibility, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and assessed certainty of evidence (GRADE). MAIN RESULTS We included 23 RCTs (5 cluster-randomised), involving 25,953 caregivers (mainly mothers) and their children. Fifteen trials assessed oral health education/promotion interventions against standard care. Six trials assessed a clinical intervention for mother dentition, against placebo, or a different type of clinical intervention. Two trials assessed oral health/education promotion plus clinical intervention (for mother's dentition) against standard care. At most, five trials (maximum of 1326 children and 130 mothers) contributed data to any comparison. Enamel-only caries were included in the diagnosis of caries in some studies. For many trials, the risk of bias was unclear due to lack of methodological details reported. In thirteen trials, participants were socioeconomically disadvantaged. No trial indicated receiving funding that was likely to have influenced their results. Oral health education/promotion interventions Child diet and feeding practice advice versus standard care: We observed a probable 15 per cent reduced risk of caries presence in primary teeth with the intervention (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.97; 3 trials; 782 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), and there may be a slightly lower mean dmfs (MD -0.29, 95% CI -0.58 to 0; 2 trials; 757 participants; low-certainty evidence); however, the evidence is very uncertain regarding the difference between groups in mean dmft (MD -0.90, 95% CI -1.85 to 0.05; 1 trial; 340 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Breastfeeding promotion and support versus standard care: We observed little or no difference between groups in the risk of caries presence in primary teeth (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.03; 2 trials; 1148 participants; low-certainty evidence) and in mean dmft (MD -0.12, 95% CI -0.59 to 0.36; 2 trials; 652 participants; low-certainty evidence). dmfs was not reported. Child diet advice compared with standard care: We are very uncertain about the effect on the risk of caries presence in primary teeth (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.34 to 3.37; 1 trial; 148 participants; very low-certainty evidence). dmfs and dmft were not reported. Oral hygiene, child diet and feeding practice advice versus standard care: The evidence is very uncertain about the effect on the risk of caries presence in primary teeth (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.07; 5 trials; 1326 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and there maybe little to no difference in mean dmfs (MD -0.87, 95% CI -2.18 to 0.43; 2 trials; 657 participants; low-certainty evidence) and mean dmft (MD -0.30, 95% CI -0.96 to 0.36; 1 trial; 187 participants; low-certainty evidence). High-dose versus low-dose vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: We are very uncertain about the effect on risk of caries presence in primary teeth (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.41; 1 trial; 496 participants; very low-certainty evidence). dmfs and dmft were not reported. Clinical interventions (for mother dentition) Chlorhexidine (CHX, a commonly prescribed antiseptic agent) or iodine-NaF application and prophylaxis versus placebo: We are very uncertain regarding the difference in risk of caries presence in primary teeth between antimicrobial and placebo treatment for mother dentition (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.19; 3 trials; 479 participants; very low-certainty evidence). No trial reported dmfs or dmft. Xylitol compared with CHX antimicrobial treatment: We are very uncertain about the effect on caries presence in primary teeth (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.27 to 1.39; 1 trial, 96 participants; very low-certainty evidence), but we observed there may be a lower mean dmft with xylitol (MD -2.39; 95% CI -4.10 to -0.68; 1 trial, 113 participants; low-certainty evidence). No trial reported dmfs. Oral health education/promotion plus clinical interventions (for mother dentition) Diet and feeding practice advice for infants and young children plus basic dental care for mothers compared with standard care: We are very uncertain about the effect on risk of caries presence in primary teeth (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.05 to 3.95; 2 trials, 324 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or on mean dmft (1 study, not estimable). No trial reported dmfs. No trials evaluated policy or health service interventions. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is moderate-certainty evidence that providing advice on diet and feeding to pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers with children up to the age of one year probably leads to a slightly reduced risk of early childhood caries (ECC). The remaining evidence is low to very-low certainty and is insufficient for determining which, if any, other intervention types and features may be effective for preventing ECC, and in which settings. Large, high-quality RCTs of oral health education/promotion, clinical, and policy and service access interventions, are warranted to determine the effects and relative effects of different interventions and inform practice. We have identified 13 ongoing studies. Future studies should consider if and how effects are modified by intervention features and participant characteristics (including socioeconomic status).
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith C Gomersall
- Life Course and Intergenerational Health Research Group, Robinson Research Institute and School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Linda Slack-Smith
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicky Kilpatrick
- Vascular Biology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - M S Muthu
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elisha Riggs
- Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Disha V, Zaimi M, Petrela E, Aliaj F. An Investigation into the Prevalence of Enamel Hypoplasia in an Urban Area Based on the Types and Affected Teeth. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:474. [PMID: 38671691 PMCID: PMC11049504 DOI: 10.3390/children11040474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a qualitative defect, and it can have a significant impact on oral health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enamel hypoplasia in urban area in Albania. METHODOLOGY In total, 234 children of both sexes aged 8-12 years old were randomly selected in five schools in Tirana, Albania. They underwent an intra-oral examination. Diagnostic criteria were in accordance with a European meeting on MIH held in Athens, 2003, and the FDI. Medical history was retrieved using questionnaires, and data obtained from clinical examination were recorded. RESULTS The prevalence of enamel hypoplasia was 12.8%. The most commonly occurring enamel hypoplasia was the mild type (58.62%). The mandibular first molar showed the highest prevalence of enamel hypoplasia (19.5%), and the maxillary canines and premolars were the least affected (2.3%). In this study, medical story did not have a significant effect on enamel hypoplasia. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of enamel hypoplasia remains high at 12.8%. Interestingly, the features of enamel hypoplasia were consistent across both sexes, with no correlation found between them. The predominant occurrence of mild enamel hypoplasia underscores the importance of implementing oral hygiene strategies in schools to mitigate its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valbona Disha
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Albanian University, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Marin Zaimi
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Elizana Petrela
- Faculty of Medicine, Head of Statistic Service, UHC “Mother Teresa”, University of Medicine Tirana, 1001 Tirana, Albania
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Børsting T, Fagerhaug TN, Schuller A, van Dommelen P, Stafne SN, Mørkved S, Stunes AK, Gustafsson MK, Syversen U, Sun YQ, Skeie MS. The association between serum vitamin D status and dental caries or molar incisor hypomineralisation in 7-9-year-old Norwegian children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:246. [PMID: 38254062 PMCID: PMC10802019 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research focusing on the association between serum vitamin D and oral health outcomes in children, such as dental caries and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), shows inconsistent results. Previous studies have predominantly investigated dental caries and MIH as dichotomized outcomes, which limits the information on their distribution. In addition, the methods used for analysing serum vitamin D have varied. The present study aimed to investigate potential associations between serum vitamin D status measured by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the prevalence, as well as the number of teeth, affected by dental caries or MIH among 7-9-year-old Norwegian children. METHODS The study had a cross-sectional design and included 101 children aged 7-9 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured and included as continuous (per 25 nmol/l) and categorised (insufficient (< 50 nmol/l) and sufficient (≥50 nmol/l)) exposure variables. Adjusted negative binomial hurdle models were used to investigate the potential associations between serum vitamin D and the oral health outcomes (dental caries and MIH) adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, season of blood draw, and mother's educational level. RESULTS Of the 101 children in the total sample, 27% had insufficient vitamin D levels (< 50 nmol/l). The descriptive analysis indicated that the children with insufficient vitamin D levels had a higher prevalence (33.3%) and a higher number of teeth affected by dental caries (mean (SD) = 0.7 (1.4)), compared to children with sufficient levels of vitamin D (21.6% and mean (SD) = 0.4 (0.8), respectively). The same holds for MIH, with a higher prevalence (38.5%) and a higher number of teeth affected (mean (SD) = 1.2 (2.3)), compared to children with sufficient levels of vitamin D (30.1% and mean (SD) = 0.8 (1.6), respectively). However, in the adjusted hurdle model analysis, neither the prevalence or number of teeth affected by caries or MIH showed statistically significant associations with having insufficient or lower vitamin D levels. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D status was not significantly associated with the prevalence and number of teeth affected by caries and MIH among the participating children. Large prospective studies with multiple serum vitamin D measurements and oral examinations throughout childhood are warranted to elucidate the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torunn Børsting
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Tone Natland Fagerhaug
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Annemarie Schuller
- Department of Child Health, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centre of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula van Dommelen
- Department of Child Health, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Signe Nilssen Stafne
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical Service, Trondheim University Hospital (St. Olavs Hospital), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siv Mørkved
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical Service, Trondheim University Hospital (St. Olavs Hospital), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Kamilla Stunes
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Medical Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital (St Olavs Hospital), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miriam K Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Regional Education Center (RegUt), Helse Midt-Norge, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Unni Syversen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Trondheim University Hospital (St. Olavs Hospital), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yi-Qian Sun
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit S Skeie
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Tapalaga G, Bumbu BA, Reddy SR, Vutukuru SD, Nalla A, Bratosin F, Fericean RM, Dumitru C, Crisan DC, Nicolae N, Luca MM. The Impact of Prenatal Vitamin D on Enamel Defects and Tooth Erosion: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3863. [PMID: 37764647 PMCID: PMC10537257 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal Vitamin D has been suggested to be critical for dental health in children, affecting outcomes including the prevalence of enamel defects and tooth erosion. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the potential impact of prenatal Vitamin D levels on these dental health outcomes. A total of seven studies, involving 6978 participants, were included after a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from 2013 to June 2023. The average age of mothers varied across studies, with Vitamin D levels or supplementation practices displaying significant variation among the study populations. The age of children at examination ranged from 3.6 to 6.6 years. The analysis demonstrated a diverse association between Vitamin D levels and dental outcomes, with enamel defects reported in 21.1% to 64% of the children and opacities ranging from 36% to 79.5% across studies. Maternal Vitamin D insufficiency was identified as a significant risk factor for enamel defects in one study (OR: 3.55), whereas high prenatal Vitamin D levels indicated a protective effect against Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars (OR: 0.84) and Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (OR: 0.95) in another. Conversely, low Vitamin D levels increased the risk of enamel hypoplasia (OR: 1.29) and dental decay. The maternal and child demographics varied greatly across the studies, and the assessment and prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency were heterogenous. This review illuminates the potential influence of prenatal Vitamin D on dental health in children, underscoring the importance of adequate Vitamin D levels during pregnancy. However, more robust research is required to establish the optimal Vitamin D intake during pregnancy to ensure healthy dental outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianina Tapalaga
- Department of Odontotherapy and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Andrei Bumbu
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Sandhya Rani Reddy
- Department of General Medicine, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 505417, India
| | - Sai Diksha Vutukuru
- Department of General Medicine, MNR Medical College, Hyderabad 502285, India
| | - Akhila Nalla
- Department of General Medicine, MNR Medical College, Hyderabad 502285, India
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Manuela Fericean
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Catalin Dumitru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Doru Ciprian Crisan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Nicolae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Magda Mihaela Luca
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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8
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Devi P, Jhunjhunwala G, Morankar R, Mathur VP. Comments regarding a recently published longitudinal study "Maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy and molar incisor hypomineralisation and hypomineralised second primary molars in the offspring at 7-9 years of age". Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:275-276. [PMID: 36763240 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Devi
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - G Jhunjhunwala
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Morankar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - V P Mathur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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