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Challa AP, Niu X, Garrison EA, Van Driest SL, Bastarache LM, Lippmann ES, Lavieri RR, Goldstein JA, Aronoff DM. Medication history-wide association studies for pharmacovigilance of pregnant patients. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:115. [PMID: 36124058 PMCID: PMC9481638 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00181-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systematic exclusion of pregnant people from interventional clinical trials has created a public health emergency for millions of patients through a dearth of robust safety data for common drugs. Methods We harnessed an enterprise collection of 2.8 M electronic health records (EHRs) from routine care, leveraging data linkages between mothers and their babies to detect drug safety signals in this population at full scale. Our mixed-methods signal detection approach stimulates new hypotheses for post-marketing surveillance agnostically of both drugs and diseases-by identifying 1,054 drugs historically prescribed to pregnant patients; developing a quantitative, medication history-wide association study; and integrating a qualitative evidence synthesis platform using expert clinician review for integration of biomedical specificity-to test the effects of maternal exposure to diverse drugs on the incidence of neurodevelopmental defects in their children. Results We replicated known teratogenic risks and existing knowledge on drug structure-related teratogenicity; we also highlight 5 common drug classes for which we believe this work warrants updated assessment of their safety. Conclusion Here, we present roots of an agile framework to guide enhanced medication regulations, as well as the ontological and analytical limitations that currently restrict the integration of real-world data into drug safety management during pregnancy. This research is not a replacement for inclusion of pregnant people in prospective clinical studies, but it presents a tractable team science approach to evaluating the utility of EHRs for new regulatory review programs-towards improving the delicate equipoise of accuracy and ethics in assessing drug safety in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup P. Challa
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Xinnan Niu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | - Etoi A. Garrison
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | - Sara L. Van Driest
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | - Lisa M. Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | - Ethan S. Lippmann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
| | - Robert R. Lavieri
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | | | - David M. Aronoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
- Present Address: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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