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Souza LFB, Teixeira KF, Cadore-Rodrigues AC, Pires TDS, Valandro LF, Moraes RR, Özcan M, Pereira GKR. Evaluating mechanical and surface properties of zirconia-containing composites: 3D printing, subtractive, and layering techniques. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 157:106608. [PMID: 38833781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the monotonic and fatigue flexural strength (FS), elastic modulus (E), and surface characteristics of a 3D printed zirconia-containing resin composite compared to subtractive and conventional layering methods. Specimens, including discs (n = 15; Ø = 15 mm × 1.2 mm) and bars (n = 15; 14 × 4 × 1.2 mm), were prepared and categorized into three groups: 3D printing (3D printing - PriZma 3D Bio Crown, Makertech), Subtractive (Lava Ultimate blocks, 3M), and Layering (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M). Monotonic tests were performed on the discs using a piston-on-three-balls setup, while fatigue tests employed similar parameters with a frequency of 10 Hz, initial stress at 20 MPa, and stress increments every 5000 cycles. The E was determined through three-point-bending test using bars. Surface roughness, fractographic, and topographic analyses were conducted. Statistical analyses included One-way ANOVA for monotonic FS and roughness, Kruskal-Wallis for E, and Kaplan-Meier with post-hoc Mantel-Cox and Weibull analysis for fatigue strength. Results revealed higher monotonic strength in the Subtractive group compared to 3D printing (p = 0.02) and Layering (p = 0.04), while 3D Printing and Layering exhibited similarities (p = 0.88). Fatigue data indicated significant differences across all groups (3D Printing < Layering < Subtractive; p = 0.00 and p = 0.04, respectively). Mechanical reliability was comparable across groups. 3D printing and Subtractive demonstrated similar E, both surpassing Layering. Moreover, 3D printing exhibited higher surface roughness than Subtractive and Layering (p < 0.05). Fractographic analysis indicated that fractures initiated at surface defects located in the area subjected to tensile stress concentration. A porous surface was observed in the 3D Printing group and a more compact surface in Subtractive and Layering methods. This study distinguishes the unique properties of 3D printed resin when compared to conventional layering and subtractive methods for resin-based materials. 3D printed shows comparable monotonic strength to layering but lags behind in fatigue strength, with subtractive resin demonstrating superior performance. Both 3D printed and subtractive exhibit similar elastic moduli, surpassing layering. However, 3D printed resin displays higher surface roughness compared to subtractive and layering methods. The study suggests a need for improvement in the mechanical performance of 3D printed material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Freitas Brum Souza
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Kétlin Fagundes Teixeira
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina Cadore-Rodrigues
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Telma de Souza Pires
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil; Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Rafael R Moraes
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic for Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil; Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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De Angelis F, Vadini M, Buonvivere M, Valerio A, Di Cosola M, Piattelli A, Biferi V, D’Arcangelo C. In Vitro Mechanical Properties of a Novel Graphene-Reinforced PMMA-Based Dental Restorative Material. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030622. [PMID: 36771922 PMCID: PMC9919729 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the incorporation of graphene in resin-based dental materials might enhance their mechanical properties and even decrease their degree of contraction during polymerization. The present study aimed at comparing the three-point flexural strength (FS), the compressive strength (CS), and the Vickers hardness (VH) of a CAD/CAM poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based resin, a recently introduced graphene-reinforced CAD/CAM PMMA-based resin (G-PMMA), and a conventional dental bis-acryl composite resin (BACR). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were detected among the materials in terms of flexural strength. On the other hand, a mean flexural modulus value of 9920.1 MPa was recorded in BACR group, significantly higher compared to the flexural modulus detected for G-PMMA (2670.2 MPa) and for conventional PMMA (2505.3) (p < 0.05). In terms of compressive modulus (MPa) and compressive strength (MPa), BACR was significantly stiffer than PMMA and G-PMMA. Concerning VH measurements, a significantly increased hardness emerged comparing the BACR group (VH 98.19) to both PMMA and G-PMMA groups (VH 34.16 and 34.26, respectively). Based on the finding of the present study, the graphene-reinforced (PMMA)-based polymer herein tested was not superior to the conventional PMMA and seemed not able to be considered as an alternative material for permanent restorations, at least in terms of hardness and mechanical response to compressive stress. More research on the mechanical/biological properties of G-PMMAs (and on graphene as a filler) seems still necessary to better clarify their potential as dental restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Angelis
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)85-4549652
| | - Mirco Vadini
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Buonvivere
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Valerio
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Di Cosola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Biferi
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Camillo D’Arcangelo
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Schnitzhofer K, Rauch A, Schmidt M, Rosentritt M. Impact of the occlusal contact pattern and occlusal adjustment on the wear and stability of crowns. J Dent 2023; 128:104364. [PMID: 36403693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of the occlusal contact situation and occlusal adjustment on wear, roughness, and fracture force of molar crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS CAD/CAM crowns (lower right first molar, n = 64; 4 groups à 8, 3Y-TZP zirconia and resin composite) and corresponding antagonists (upper right first molar; 3Y-TZP zirconia) were manufactured. Crowns were constructed according to two principles of occlusion (group "T": Peter K. Thomas' "point-centric" cusp-to-fossa tripodization concept, with 15 contact points; group "RA" Sigurd P. Ramfjord and Major M. Ash, "freedom in centric" concept with four contacts). On one half of the crowns, occlusal adjustment was performed (groups "T adjusted" and "RA adjusted"). All crowns underwent combined thermal cycling (TC) and mechanical loading (ML) (ML: 1.2 × 106 cycles, 50 N, 2 Hz, mouth opening 1 mm; TC: 2 × 3000 cycles, 5/55°C). Wear area and depth of each contact point on the occlusal surfaces of crowns and antagonists were determined using a digital microscope. Surface roughness (Ra, Rz) was measured in and besides (reference) the worn area (3D laser-scanning microscope). Fracture force of the crowns was determined (statistics: Levene-test, one-way-ANOVA; Bonferroni-post-hoc-test; between-subjects effects, Pearson correlation, α=0.05). RESULTS The resin composite crowns yielded significantly higher mean values for wear area and depth (p < 0.001) and lower fracture forces (p < 0.001). Resin composite surfaces showed increased roughness after TCML while zirconia exhibited smoothened surfaces. The occlusal design significantly impacted wear depth (p = 0.012) and fracture force (p < 0.001). Resin composite crowns with fewer contact points (group RA) showed more wear and lower fracture force. Adjusted resin composite crowns showed increased wear areas and depths (p = 0.009-0.013). For zirconia crowns, the adjustment impacted wear area (p = 0.013), wear depth (p = 0.008), and fracture force (p = 0.006), with adjusted zirconia crowns exhibiting more wear and lower maximum forces until fracture. Zirconia wear depth was also impacted by the occlusal design (p = 0.012). Antagonistic wear was influenced by the restorative material, the occlusal contact pattern, and the adjustment. CONCLUSIONS The investigated materials show strongly varying performances with zirconia being significantly influenced by the adjustment, while for resin composites, contact design and adjustment had a major impact. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results show the necessity of adapting occlusal design and adjustment in order to improve roughness, wear, and stability of zirconia and resin composite crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schnitzhofer
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93042, Germany
| | - Angelika Rauch
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93042, Germany
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93042, Germany
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93042, Germany.
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Daabash R, Alshabib A, Alqahtani MQ, Price RB, Silikas N, Alshaafi MM. Ion releasing direct restorative materials: Key mechanical properties and wear. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1866-1877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Vilde T, Stewart CA, Finer Y. Simulating the Intraoral Aging of Dental Bonding Agents: A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10010013. [PMID: 35049611 PMCID: PMC8775087 DOI: 10.3390/dj10010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their popularity, resin composite restorations fail earlier and at higher rates than comparable amalgam restorations. One of the reasons for these rates of failure are the properties of current dental bonding agents. Modern bonding agents are vulnerable to gradual chemical and mechanical degradation from a number of avenues such as daily use in chewing, catalytic hydrolysis facilitated by salivary or bacterial enzymes, and thermal fluctuations. These stressors have been found to work synergistically, all contributing to the deterioration and eventual failure of the hybrid layer. Due to the expense and difficulty in conducting in vivo experiments, in vitro protocols meant to accurately simulate the oral environment’s stressors are important in the development of bonding agents and materials that are more resistant to these processes of degradation. This narrative review serves to summarize the currently employed methods of aging dental materials and critically appraise them in the context of our knowledge of the oral environment’s parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vilde
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada; (T.V.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Cameron A. Stewart
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada; (T.V.); (C.A.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Yoav Finer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada; (T.V.); (C.A.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Grassi EDA, de Andrade GS, Tribst JPM, Machry RV, Valandro LF, Ramos NDC, Bresciani E, Saavedra GDSFA. Fatigue behavior and stress distribution of molars restored with MOD inlays with and without deep margin elevation. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2513-2526. [PMID: 34643807 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effect of deep margin elevation (DME) and restorative materials (leucite-reinforced glass-ceramics [C] vs. indirect resin composite [R]) on the fatigue behavior and stress distribution of maxillary molars with 2-mm deep proximal margins restored with MOD inlay. METHODS Fifty-two extracted human third molars were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 13): C; DME + C; R; and DME + R. Inlays were fabricated in CAD-CAM and bonded to all teeth. The fatigue behavior was assessed with the stepwise stress test (10,000 cycles/step; step = 50 N; 20 Hz; initial load = 200 N). Fatigue failure loads and the number of cycles were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05) and Kaplan-Meier survival plots. The stress distribution was assessed with finite element analysis. The models were considered isotropic, linear, and homogeneous, and presented bonded contacts. A tripod axial load (400 N) was applied to the occlusal surface. The stress distribution was analyzed with the maximum principal stress criterion. RESULTS For fatigue, there was no difference for DME factor (p > 0.05). For the material factor, the load and number of cycles for failure were statistically higher in the R groups (p < 0.05). The finite element analysis showed that resin composite inlays concentrated more stress in the tooth structure, while ceramic inlays concentrated more stress in the restoration. Non-reparable failures were more frequent in the resin composite inlays groups. CONCLUSIONS DME was not negative for fatigue and biomechanical behaviors. Resin composite inlays were more resistant to the fatigue test, although the failure mode was more aggressive. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE DME does not impair mechanical behavior. Resin composite inlays failed at higher loads but with a more aggressive failure mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Donaria Aboucauch Grassi
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 777th Eng. Francisco José Longo Av., São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Schmitt de Andrade
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 777th Eng. Francisco José Longo Av., São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Taubaté (UNITAU), 09th Rua Dos Operários St., Taubaté, SP, 12020-340, Brazil
| | - Renan Vaz Machry
- Graduate Program of Oral Science, Prosthodontics Unit, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima Av, Santa Maria, RS, 100097105-340, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Graduate Program of Oral Science, Prosthodontics Unit, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima Av, Santa Maria, RS, 100097105-340, Brazil
| | - Nathalia de Carvalho Ramos
- School of Dentistry, São Francisco University (USF), 218th São Francisco de Assis Av., Bragança Paulista, SP, 12916-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 777th Eng. Francisco José Longo Av., São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni Saavedra
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 777th Eng. Francisco José Longo Av., São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
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Wulff J, Schmid A, Huber C, Rosentritt M. Dynamic fatigue of 3D-printed splint materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104885. [PMID: 34628189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Printed splints may be an alternative treatment for functional disorders. In addition to the selection of materials, the influence of cleaning or polymerisation can affect the dynamic behaviour and fatigue limit of printed materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS 96 discs (n = 6 per group, 16mmx2mm) were printed (P30+ DLP-printer, Straumann, CH; 100 μm layer) from splint materials (M1: Luxaprint OrthoPlus, DMG, G; M2: V-Print Splint, Voco, G). Specimens were either automatically cleaned (C1: Straumann P Wash, Straumann, CH) or manually cleaned (C2: Voco Pre-/Main-Clean protocol, Voco, G). Post polymerisation was performed with LED (P1: Cure, Straumann, CH) or Xenon light (P2: Otoflash N171, Ernst Hinrichs Dental, G). The flexural fatigue limit was determined under cyclic loading in terms of a staircase approach with a piston-on-3-ball-test according to ISO 6872 after 24 h or 60 days water storage (37 °C). Specimens were preloaded with 50N and dynamic force was applied for 105 loadings per step (f = 3Hz; steps 1: 50N-100N, 2: 50N-150N, 3: 50N-200N, 4: 50N-250N; F1000, Prematec, G; water at 37 °C). STATISTICS Kaplan Maier Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, Levene-test (α = 0.05, SPSS 26.0, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA)). RESULTS Mean survival cycles after 24 h of storage varied between 40388 (M1C2P2) and 195140 (M2C2P1) cycles and after 60 d decreased to 14022 (M1C2P2) and 173237 (M2C1P1). Kaplan Maier Log Rank test revealed significant differences between the material combinations. For M1 cleaning (Pearson: 0.346, p = 0.016) and for M2 polymerisation (Pearson: 0.616, p = 0.000) significantly influenced the number of loading cycles. Intermediate effects were found for material (p = 0.026), cleaning (p = 0.024) and polymerisation (p = 0.000) as well as the combination of material and polymerisation (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The results show that the number of possible loading cycles of additively manufactured splint specimens depends on the type of material, their cleaning and post-polymerisation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Materials, cleaning and post-polymerisation of additive manufacturing processes should be matched to improve dynamic loading performance of splint materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Wulff
- DS, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alois Schmid
- DDS, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Huber
- DDS, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
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Step-stress vs. staircase fatigue tests to evaluate the effect of intaglio adjustment on the fatigue behavior of simplified lithium disilicate glass-ceramic restorations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 113:104091. [PMID: 33032009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes for the fatigue mechanical behavior of bonded simplified lithium disilicate restorations, with and without an internal adjustment by grinding with diamond bur in running two fatigue tests: Staircase and Step-stress testing approaches. Ceramic discs (IPS e.max CAD) were prepared (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.0 mm), submitted to an in-lab simulation of CAD/CAM milling (#60 SiC paper) and allocated into 2 groups according to the internal adjustment by grinding of the cementation surface: no adjustment (CTRL); or grinding with a coarse diamond bur (GR). Adhesive cementation (Multilink N) was performed onto epoxy resin discs (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2 mm) after ceramic/epoxy surface treatments. The cemented assemblies of each group were randomly assigned into 2 subgroups considering two fatigue tests (n = 15): Staircase - SC (250,000 cycles; 20 Hz), or Step-stress - SS (10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz). Roughness, topographic and fractographic analyses were additionally performed. Statistical analyses were carried out using the Dixon and Mood method for Staircase data, and Kaplan-Meier and Mantel-Cox (log-rank) tests for Step-stress data. Ceramic restorations having its intaglio surface ground (GR group: SC test = 306.67 N; SS test = 646.67 N) presented lower fatigue failure load (FFL) values than the CTRL group (SC test = 879.28 N; SS test = 1090.00 N), regardless of the fatigue testing approach. The percentage of mean FFL decrease comparing the CTRL to GR group was higher for SC (65.1%) than the SS (40.7%) approach. However, a different total number of cycles was applied for each method. Both fatigue tests were able to detect the negative effect of internal adjustments of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic simplified restorations on their mechanical behavior. Therefore, both methods can be applied for similar evaluations (fatigue testing for ceramic restorations).
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Nawafleh N, Bibars AR, Elshiyab S, Janzeer Y. In vitro Simulation of Periodontal Ligament in Fatigue Testing of Dental Crowns. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:380-385. [PMID: 32645731 PMCID: PMC7440937 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatigue testing of restorative material has been appreciated as an appropriate method to evaluate dental restorations. This study aims to investigate the influence of periodontal ligament (PDL) simulation on fatigue and fracture tests results of zirconia crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS A standard tooth preparation for all ceramic zirconia crown was made on a typodont mandibular molar. The prepared master die was duplicated using epoxy resin to produce 40 replicas. PDL simulation was made by surrounding the root of 20 dies with a 0.3-mm thick silicon layer. The other 20 specimens had no PDL simulation. Zirconia crowns were fabricated using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology and cemented to the epoxy resin dies. Ten crowns from each group were subject to chewing simulation with simultaneous thermocycling (5-55°C). All specimens were then loaded until failure in universal testing machine. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed the normal distribution of data. Descriptive statistic was performed and differences between the groups were analyzed using paired samples t-test. RESULTS All fatigued crowns survived chewing simulation; no failure was observed after finishing simulation. The highest mean fracture load recorded was 3,987 ± 400 N for the no fatigue/no periodontal simulation group. Comparing the mean fracture load of the two groups with periodontal simulation and the two groups with no periodontal simulation showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.5). CONCLUSION Considering the testing set-up applied in this study, simulating PDL using resilient materials does not affect the in vitro survival and fracture resistance of zirconia crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Nawafleh
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel Raheem Bibars
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shareen Elshiyab
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yasmeen Janzeer
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Alsadon O, Wood D, Patrick D, Pollington S. Fatigue behavior and damage modes of high performance poly-ether-ketone-ketone PEKK bilayered crowns. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103957. [PMID: 32957248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate and compare the fatigue behavior (fatigue limit and fatigue life) and damage modes of high-performance poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK), zirconia and alloy bilayered crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 110 crowns (n = 50 for fatigue limit and n = 60 for fatigue life) were fabricated and used in this study. Pekkton® ivory discs, yttrium stabilized zirconia blanks and NiCr casting alloy were used to produce the respective PEKK, zirconia and alloy copings for crown fabrication. The prepared crowns were veneered with composite resin and subjected to fatigue tests. The fatigue limit was evaluated using the staircase method and the fatigue life of the samples was evaluated by subjecting the crowns to a load lower than the fatigue limit of that particular group, and also with an intermediate load of 522 N. A graphical plot was generated from the shape parameter (β) and life parameter (α) values obtained through the Weibull analysis method. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were applied to determine the significance differences in the recorded fracture mode between the study groups. The damage modes of the samples were assessed using Burke's classification. RESULTS The recorded fatigue limits of the groups were 442.8 ± 42.1 N, 608.7 ± 7.6 N, and 790.4 ± 29.2 N for zirconia, NiCr and PEKK, respectively. A significant difference in the fatigue limit of the groups was observed (p < 0.05). PEKK samples demonstrated the highest survival cycles of 1,170,000 and the lowest survival cycles was observed with zirconia samples at 100,000 under 522 N loading. The fracture modes in PEKK samples were largely distributed between code 1 and 2 whereas the fracture modes in NiCr group was distributed between code 1 and 4 and YZ crowns exhibited more of code 5 fractures. The difference in fracture modes among the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The PEKK group demonstrated better results compared to zirconia and NiCr based crowns. The PEKK group demonstrated high fatigue limit and survived the highest fatigue life cycles among the tested groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Alsadon
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Duncan Wood
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, The School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David Patrick
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, The School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Pollington
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, The School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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11
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High load frequency at 20Hz: Its effects on the fatigue behavior of a leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 107:103769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Rosentritt M, Krifka S, Preis V, Strasser T. Dynamic fatigue of composite CAD/CAM materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 98:311-316. [PMID: 31299592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Krifka
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Verena Preis
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Strasser
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
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Abu-Izze F, Ramos G, Borges A, Anami L, Bottino M. Fatigue behavior of ultrafine tabletop ceramic restorations. Dent Mater 2018; 34:1401-1409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Antanasova M, Kocjan A, Kovač J, Žužek B, Jevnikar P. Influence of thermo-mechanical cycling on porcelain bonding to cobalt–chromium and titanium dental alloys fabricated by casting, milling, and selective laser melting. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 62:184-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Contact wear of artificial denture teeth. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 62:252-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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