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Iceta S, Dadar M, Daoust J, Scovronec A, Leblanc V, Pelletier M, Biertho L, Tchernof A, Bégin C, Michaud A. Association between Visceral Adiposity Index, Binge Eating Behavior, and Grey Matter Density in Caudal Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Severe Obesity. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091158. [PMID: 34573180 PMCID: PMC8468041 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue accumulation is an important determinant of metabolic risk and can be estimated by the visceral adiposity index (VAI). Visceral adiposity may impact brain regions involved in eating behavior. We aimed to examine the association between adiposity measurements, binge eating behavior, and grey matter density. In 20 men and 59 women with severe obesity, Grey matter density was measured by voxel-based morphometry for six regions of interest associated with reward, emotion, or self-regulation: insula, orbitofrontal cortex, caudal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Binge eating behavior, depression and impulsivity was assessed by the Binge Eating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory and UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale, respectively. Men and women were distinctively divided into two subgroups (low-VAI and high-VAI) based on the mean VAI score. Women with high-VAI were characterized by metabolic alterations, higher binge eating score and lower grey matter density in the caudal ACC compared to women with low-VAI. Men with high-VAI were characterized by a higher score for the sensation-seeking subscale of the UPPS–Impulsive Behavior Scale compared to men with low-VAI. Using a moderation–mediation analysis, we found that grey matter density in the caudal ACC mediates the association between VAI and binge eating score. In conclusion, visceral adiposity is associated with higher binge eating severity in women. Decreased grey matter density in the caudal ACC, a region involved in cognition and emotion regulation, may influence this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Iceta
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre Intégré Universitaire Santé et Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1E 1T2, Canada;
| | - Justine Daoust
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Anais Scovronec
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vicky Leblanc
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Melissa Pelletier
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Laurent Biertho
- Département de Chirurgie Générale, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada;
| | - André Tchernof
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Catherine Bégin
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Andreanne Michaud
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (J.D.); (A.S.); (M.P.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (A.M.)
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