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Xu Y, Huo J, Nie R, Ge L, Xie C, Meng Y, Liu J, Wu L, Qin X. Altered profile of glycosylated proteins in serum samples obtained from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis following depletion of highly abundant proteins. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182842. [PMID: 37457741 PMCID: PMC10348014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders; however, its underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Although aberrant glycosylation has been implicated in the N-glycome of immunoglobulin G (IgG), changes in serum proteins have not been comprehensively characterized. This study aimed to investigate glycosylation profiles in serum samples depleted of highly abundant proteins from patients with HT and propose the potential functions of glycoproteins for further studies on the pathological mechanisms of HT. Methods A lectin microarray containing 70 lectins was used to detect and analyze glycosylation of serum proteins using serum samples (N=27 HT; N=26 healthy control [HC]) depleted of abundant proteins. Significant differences in glycosylation status between HT patients and the HC group were verified using lectin blot analysis. A lectin-based pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry was used to investigate potential glycoproteins combined with differentially present lectins, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to identify the expression of targeted glycoproteins in 131 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 131 patients with benign thyroid nodules (BTN) patients, 130 patients with HT, and 128 HCs. Results Compared with the HC group, the majority of the lectin binding signals in HT group were weakened, while the Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) binding signal was increased. The difference in VVA binding signals verified by lectin blotting was consistent with the results of the lectin microarray. A total of 113 potential VVA-binding glycoproteins were identified by mass spectrometry and classified by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses. Using ELISA, we confirmed that lactoferrin (LTF) and mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease 1 (MASP-1) levels were elevated in the serum of patients with HT and PTC. Conclusion Following depletion of abundant proteins, remaining serum proteins in HT patients exhibited lower glycosylation levels than those observed in HCs. An increased level of potential VVA-binding glycoproteins may play an important role in HT development. LTF and MASP-1 expression was significantly higher in the serum of HT and PTC patients, providing novel insight into HT and PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozheng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiawen Huo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruili Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lili Ge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Chonghong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
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Liu ZY, Sun MX, Hua MQ, Zhang HX, Mu GY, Zhou S, Wang Z, Xiang Q, Cui YM. New perspectives on the induction and acceleration of immune-associated thrombosis by PF4 and VWF. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1098665. [PMID: 36926331 PMCID: PMC10011124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1098665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet factor 4 (PF4), also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 (CXCL4), is a specific protein synthesized from platelet α particles. The combination of PF4 and heparin to form antigenic complexes is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), but vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) related to the COVID-19 vaccine makes PF4 a research hotspot again. Similar to HIT, vaccines, bacteria, and other non-heparin exposure, PF4 can interact with negatively charged polyanions to form immune complexes and participate in thrombosis. These anions include cell surface mucopolysaccharides, platelet polyphosphates, DNA from endothelial cells, or von Willebrand factor (VWF). Among them, PF4-VWF, as a new immune complex, may induce and promote the formation of immune-associated thrombosis and is expected to become a new target and therapeutic direction. For both HIT and VITT, there is no effective and targeted treatment except discontinuation of suspected drugs. The research and development of targeted drugs based on the mechanism of action have become an unmet clinical need. Here, this study systematically reviewed the characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of PF4 and VWF, elaborated the potential mechanism of action of PF4-VWF complex in immune-associated thrombosis, summarized the current status of new drug research and development for PF4 and VWF, and discussed the possibility of this complex as a potential biomarker for early immune-associated thrombosis events. Moreover, the key points of basic research and clinical evaluation are put forward in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min-Xue Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Man-Qi Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Xu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Min Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Qu M, Wan S, Wu H, Ren B, Chen Y, Liu L, Shen H. The Whole Blood DNA Methylation Patterns of Extrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway Related Genes in Autoimmune Thyroiditis among Areas with Different Iodine Levels. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-35. [PMID: 35260211 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) has a complex etiology and the susceptibility to it is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, although these are not yet fully understood. The present research aimed to explore the DNA methylation patterns in whole blood of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway related genes in AIT among areas with different iodine levels. We selected the iodine-fortification areas (IFA), iodine-adequate areas (IAA) and water-based iodine-excess areas (IEA) from Shandong Province of China as survey sites. Totally 176 AIT cases and 176 controls were included. MethylTargetTM and QT-PCR technology were used to detect candidate genes' DNA methylation levels and mRNA expression levels, respectively. We found that DAPK1 DNA methylation levels in AIT cases (especially in female) were significantly higher than controls (t=2.7715, P=0.0059; t=2.4638, P=0.0143 in female). There were differences in DAPK1(t=2.5384, P=0.0121), TNFSF8(t=2.1667, P=0.0334) and TNFAIP8(t=2.5672, P=0.0121) genes methylation between cases and controls with different water iodine levels. The mRNA expression of DAPK1(t=4.329, P<0.001) and TNFAIP8(t=3.775, P<0.001) in the cases were increased. We identified the differences in the DNA methylation status of the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway related genes between AIT and controls and in different iodine levels areas. The results were verified at the mRNA level. The environmental iodine may affect DNA methylation to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Qu
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- Division of Health Risk Factor Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Siyuan Wan
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Huaiyong Wu
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Bingxuan Ren
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yao Chen
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Hongmei Shen
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
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Massolt ET, Meima ME, Swagemakers SMA, Leeuwenburgh S, van den Hout-van Vroonhoven MCGM, Brigante G, Kam BLR, van der Spek PJ, van IJcken WFJ, Visser TJ, Peeters RP, Visser WE. Thyroid State Regulates Gene Expression in Human Whole Blood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:169-178. [PMID: 29069456 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite the well-recognized clinical features resulting from insufficient or excessive thyroid hormone (TH) levels in humans, it is largely unknown which genes are regulated by TH in human tissues. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of TH on human gene expression profiles in whole blood, mainly consisting of T3 receptor (TR) α-expressing cells. METHODS We performed next-generation RNA sequencing on whole blood samples from eight athyroid patients (four females) on and after 4 weeks off levothyroxine replacement. Gene expression changes were analyzed through paired differential expression analysis and confirmed in a validation cohort. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify thyroid state-related networks. RESULTS We detected 486 differentially expressed genes (fold-change >1.5; multiple testing corrected P value < 0.05), of which 76% were positively and 24% were negatively regulated. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that three biological processes were significantly overrepresented, of which the process translational elongation showed the highest fold enrichment (7.3-fold, P = 1.8 × 10-6). WGCNA analysis independently identified various gene clusters that correlated with thyroid state. Further GO analysis suggested that thyroid state affects platelet function. CONCLUSIONS Changes in thyroid state regulate numerous genes in human whole blood, predominantly TRα-expressing leukocytes. In addition, TH may regulate gene transcripts in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elske T Massolt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel E Meima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Selmar Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Giulia Brigante
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Boen L R Kam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Theo J Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Edward Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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