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El Ghoul K, Akiki D, Nawfal N, Jaoude MA. Renal transplantation for infantile and juvenile cystinosis: Two case report and review of the literature. Transpl Immunol 2024; 83:101993. [PMID: 38224843 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by cystine buildup in various tissues, including the kidneys. Renal involvement is the primary manifestation, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) if left untreated. Kidney transplantation (KT) in patients with cystinosis has significantly improved their prognosis for the disease outcome. Detailed reports on preoperative and Long-term postoperative management in these patients remain sparse. This report discusses the outcomes of two young adult patients of Middle Eastern descent with cystinosis who underwent KT. The first patient, diagnosed with infantile nephropathic cystinosis treated by cystine-depleting therapy, was operated by KT at the age of 18. The second patient, diagnosed with juvenile cystinosis, underwent transplantation at the age of 35 after being treated with hemodialysis. Our report describes detailed pre- and postoperative managements, including laboratory results, and pharmacological interventions. Both cases highlighted the varying clinical manifestations and disease severity between infantile and juvenile cystinosis. Pre-transplant conditions included renal dysfunction, growth retardation, secondary hyperparathyroidism, anemia, and extrarenal manifestations. Following KT, both patients experienced regained renal function, resolution of extrarenal complications, and normalization of laboratory parameters. Furthermore, both patients showed excellent postoperative outcomes with no acute rejection or allograft-related complications. KT is the treatment of choice for cystinosis patients with ESRD. Long-term follow-up post-transplantation is crucial to maintain good graft function. Further studies may elucidate optimal pre- and postoperative management protocols for this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen El Ghoul
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Dany Akiki
- Postdoctoral research fellow, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nagi Nawfal
- Head of Nephrology Division, Sacred Heart Hospital, Baabda, Lebanon
| | - Maroun Abou Jaoude
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Middle East Institute of Health, Bsalim, Lebanon; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon; Head of the department of Surgery, The View Hospital in affiliation with Cedars Sinai, Doha, Qatar
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Scorza SI, Milano S, Saponara I, Certini M, De Zio R, Mola MG, Procino G, Carmosino M, Moccia F, Svelto M, Gerbino A. TRPML1-Induced Lysosomal Ca 2+ Signals Activate AQP2 Translocation and Water Flux in Renal Collecting Duct Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021647. [PMID: 36675161 PMCID: PMC9861594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are acidic Ca2+ storage organelles that actively generate local Ca2+ signaling events to regulate a plethora of cell functions. Here, we characterized lysosomal Ca2+ signals in mouse renal collecting duct (CD) cells and we assessed their putative role in aquaporin 2 (AQP2)-dependent water reabsorption. Bafilomycin A1 and ML-SA1 triggered similar Ca2+ oscillations, in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, by alkalizing the acidic lysosomal pH or activating the lysosomal cation channel mucolipin 1 (TRPML1), respectively. TRPML1-dependent Ca2+ signals were blocked either pharmacologically or by lysosomes' osmotic permeabilization, thus indicating these organelles as primary sources of Ca2+ release. Lysosome-induced Ca2+ oscillations were sustained by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ content, while bafilomycin A1 and ML-SA1 did not directly interfere with ER Ca2+ homeostasis per se. TRPML1 activation strongly increased AQP2 apical expression and depolymerized the actin cytoskeleton, thereby boosting water flux in response to an hypoosmotic stimulus. These effects were strictly dependent on the activation of the Ca2+/calcineurin pathway. Conversely, bafilomycin A1 led to perinuclear accumulation of AQP2 vesicles without affecting water permeability. Overall, lysosomal Ca2+ signaling events can be differently decoded to modulate Ca2+-dependent cellular functions related to the dock/fusion of AQP2-transporting vesicles in principal cells of the CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ida Scorza
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Milano
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilenia Saponara
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maira Certini
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta De Zio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Mola
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Carmosino
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Svelto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerbino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0805443334
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