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Jones JS, Adlam ALR, Benattayallah A, Milton FN. The neural correlates of working memory training in typically developing children. Child Dev 2022; 93:815-830. [PMID: 34897651 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Working memory training improves children's cognitive performance on untrained tasks; however, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. This was investigated in 32 typically developing children aged 10-14 years (19 girls and 13 boys) using a randomized controlled design and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (Devon, UK; 2015-2016). Training improved working memory performance and increased intrinsic functional connectivity between the bilateral intraparietal sulci. Furthermore, improvements in working memory were associated with greater recruitment of the left middle frontal gyrus on a complex span task. Repeated engagement of fronto-parietal regions during training may increase their activity and functional connectivity over time, affording greater working memory performance. The plausibility of generalizable cognitive benefits from a neurobiological perspective and implications for neurodevelopmental theory are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Jones
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna-Lynne R Adlam
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Abdelmalek Benattayallah
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,School of Medicine, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Fraser N Milton
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Johnson EL, Jones KT. Longitudinal indices of human cognition and brain structure. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2323-2326. [PMID: 34328671 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Johnson
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Institute of Gerontology, Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kevin T Jones
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Kelly CE, Harding R, Lee KJ, Pascoe L, Josev EK, Spencer-Smith MM, Adamson C, Beare R, Nosarti C, Roberts G, Doyle LW, Seal ML, Thompson DK, Anderson PJ. Investigating the brain structural connectome following working memory training in children born extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2340-2350. [PMID: 33624327 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Children born extremely preterm (EP, <28 weeks' gestation) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1,000 g) are a vulnerable population at high risk of working memory impairments. We aimed to examine changes in the brain structural connectivity networks thought to underlie working memory performance, after completion of a working memory training program (Cogmed) compared with a placebo program in EP/ELBW children. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial (the Improving Memory in a Preterm Randomised Intervention Trial). Children born EP/ELBW received either the Cogmed or placebo program at 7 years of age (n = 91). A subset of children had magnetic resonance imaging of the brain immediately pre- and 2 weeks post-training (Cogmed n = 28; placebo n = 27). T1 -weighted and diffusion-weighted images were used to perform graph theoretical analysis of structural connectivity networks. Changes from pre-training to post-training in structural connectivity metrics were generally similar between randomized groups. There was little evidence that changes in structural connectivity metrics were related to changes in working memory performance from pre- to post-training. Overall, our results provide little evidence that the Cogmed working memory training program has training-specific effects on structural connectivity networks in EP/ELBW children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Kelly
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Harding
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine J Lee
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leona Pascoe
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elisha K Josev
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris Adamson
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Beare
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gehan Roberts
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Health Services, Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc L Seal
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deanne K Thompson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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