Comprehensive Review of the Landfill Site Selection Methodologies and Criteria

Landfill site selection for sustainable solid waste management using multiple-criteria decision-making. Case study: Al-Balqa governorate in Jordan

Landfill site selection is an essential aspect of sustainable solid waste management as it ensures that the waste generated by a community or region is disposed of in an environmentally friendly and safe manner. The approach for selecting landfill sites seeks to choose locations that provide the least risk to the environment and public health while still satisfying the demands of the local community. This research aims to use a multi-criteria assessment to determine a landfill location in Al-Balqa Governorate in Jordan to ensure that the chosen site meets the needs of all stakeholders while minimizing the negative impact on the environment and the community. This research developed a hierarchy structure to make landfill site selection decisions, which involves identifying parameters such as distance to surface water, land cover, distance from urban and rural areas, distance to roads, slope, and soil permeability. A rating system was used to evaluate each criterion, and weights were assigned to reflect their relative importance. An overlay weighting technique was then used to assess site suitability based on expert opinions from related fields. In this studied area, about 204,283 m2 is required to address 25 years of municipal solid waste volume, whereas this technique identified around 79,210,000 m2 of potential landfill sites. Overall, the research highlights the importance of using a multi-criteria assessment approach for landfill site selection to ensure that the chosen site meets the needs of all stakeholders while minimizing negative impacts on the environment and public health. The study provides insights that can be useful for decision-makers involved in sustainable solid waste management in Jordan and other similar regions. -How to Find the suitable landfills to achieve sustainable development.-What aspects and criteria were comsidered in choosing the landfill site.

Location-allocation combining fuzzy analytical hierarchy process for waste to energy facilities siting in developing urban areas: The case study of Lomé, Togo

Waste facilities siting is one of the complex problems encountered by decision makers of waste management in urban developing areas. Waste to Energy (WtE) facilities siting alongside transfer stations involves a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and has leveraged waste value chain. However, the process requires to consider the interlinked fields of environment, socio-cultural and economic/technical factors as Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in a context of lack of knowledge and expertise. This study aims to propose a framework of WtE facilities siting through a GIS-based Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and location-allocation method in Lomé's case study in Togo. This method was applied with boolean logic and fuzzy overlay operators, to assess the potential sites and optimize their selection through a location-allocation solver considering transfer stations and road networks under ArcGIS. Moreover, WtE technologies were attributed to sites based on the territorial aspect. As result, 30.70% of the study area was excluded and three potential areas with a minimum value of 3.47 km2 comprised between 0.81% and 1.01% of the study area, and have been obtained with an acceptable consistency ratio of 0.09. The potential sites are more influenced by slope and residence criteria under economic/technical and socio-cultural factors, with 29.13% and 19.84% of weight respectively. Therefore, through the location-allocation method two optimized sites are obtained and assigned to transfer stations; the first suitable site close to industrial area is appropriate for the gasifier which consequently classified ahead of the anaerobic digester that is suitable for the second suitable site close to agricultural area. As result, prioritizing WtE technologies and site selection should take into account territory aspect, waste sources as well other environmental, socio-cultural and economic/technical factors. This approach has demonstrated its robustness and serves as a stepwise tool for decision makers in WtE facilities siting in developing urban areas.

A multi-model forecasting approach for solid waste generation by integrating demographic and socioeconomic factors: a case study of Prayagraj, India

Projecting municipal solid waste generation and identifying socioeconomic factors affecting waste generation is crucial for integrated waste management strategies. The present research work focuses on the projection of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in Prayagraj, India, based on demographics and socioeconomic factors, using long short-term memory (LSTM), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), and incremental increase models (IIM). The model was integrated with nine socioeconomic variables to improve accuracy. The influence of socioeconomic variables on MSW generation was evaluated using correlation and fuzzy logic approaches. Waste generation data collected from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) from 1997 to 2015 were used to train the models. The results of the correlation study indicate that population growth, employment, and households have a substantial impact on waste generation rates. Root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percent error (MAPE), and coefficient of determination (R²) suggest that LSTM is the best model to forecast MSW generation in Prayagraj, India. The R² value indicates that the LSTM is more accurate (0.92) than ARIMA (0.72) and IIM (0.70). LSTM projection indicates that the city will have a population of 1.6 million by 2031, and waste generation will increase by 70.6% in 2031.

Application of a sustainable location index approach to landfill site selection in Monterrey, Mexico

Landfilling is the main method to manage municipal solid waste (MSW) in Latin America due to the economic, technological and political characteristics of the region. The disposal of MSW in landfill sites may affect the quality of the environment and compromise a considerable share of the municipal budgets. The selection of suitable sites reduces the environmental and economic impact of landfills. In the present study the sustainable location index (SLI) is proposed as a methodology to assess environmentally, and economically, sanitary landfill site selection in the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, a representative large-size city of Latin America. EVIAVE methodology was modified to include administrative and economic dimensions, which are assessed as a sustainable approach using together the SLI integrated with geospatial and multicriteria analysis tools. The assessment showed that the zones with the lowest SLI changes drastically when the importance of the economic or environmental factor varies. This result suggest that the inclusion of sustainability in landfill site selection decision-making is complex and it may requires the inclusion of local particularities such as municipal budgets, policies of MSW management and public perception about environmental deterioration.

A GIS-based novel approach for suitable sanitary landfill site selection using integrated fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and machine learning algorithms

Disposal of waste without treatment is the least preferable way of sustainable solid waste management (SWM). But most cities in developing nations still use open dumps, causing negative impacts on the environment and human health. This study offered a novel approach for selecting landfill sites and sustainable SWM in Aligarh city, India. This was done through data collection, selecting models for criterion weighting, and validation. In order to prepare a landfill site suitability map, a geographic information system (GIS)-based ensemble fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-support vector machine (FAHP-SVM) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-random forest (FAHP-RF) models were implemented. Considering the previous studies and the study area characteristics, eighteen thematic layers were selected. The result revealed that land value; distance from residential roads, hospitals and clinics, and waste bins; and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) have a fuzzy weight greater than 0.10, indicating significant factors. In contrast, land elevation, land slope, surface temperature, soil moisture index, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and urban classification have a zero fuzzy weight, indicating these criteria have no importance. The result further revealed that FAHP-RF with an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.91 is the more accurate model than FAHP-SVM. According to the final weight-based overlay result, seven potential landfill sites were identified, out of which three were determined as most suitable by considering current land cover, public opinions, and environmental and economic concerns. This research proposed a zonal division model based on landfill sites location for sustainable SWM in Aligarh city. However, the findings may provide a guideline to the decision-makers and planners for optimal landfill site selection in other cities of developing countries.

A GIS-Based Method for Identification of Blindness in Former Site Selection of Sewage Treatment Plants and Exploration of Optimal Siting Areas: A Case Study in Liao River Basin

With regard to environmental facilities, blindness and the subjectivity of site selection lead to serious economic, engineering and social problems. A proper siting proposal often poses a challenge to local governments, as multiple factors should be considered, such as costs, construction conditions and social impact. How to make the optimal siting decision has become a topical issue in academic circles. In order to enrich the framework of site selection models, this study combined GIS, AHP and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies to conduct siting suitability analysis of sewage treatment plants, and it was first applied in the Liao River basin in Jilin Province in China. The enriched model is able to reveal blindness in the former site selection of sewage treatment plants and explore optimal siting areas, involving an effective quantification method for summer dominant wind direction and urban stream direction. In a case study, it was found that local governments need to be cautious of the distance of sites from rivers and residential areas and the impact of these sites on downwind and downstream residents. Additionally, siting suitability has obvious regional characteristics, and its distribution varies significantly between towns. Huaide Town shows the largest optimal siting areas and can be given priority for the construction of new sewage treatment plants. This paper developed a more scientific approach to site selection, and the outcome can provide a robust reference for local governments.

Odor-aided analysis for landfill site selection: study of DOKAP Region, Turkey

In our world, with the increase of factors such as the rapid and irresponsible consumption of natural resources, man-made environmental disasters, global warming, and pollution of water resources in our world, the need for more efficient storage and disposal of solid waste has arisen. The presentation of the data required to solve spatial problems such as storage, management, and location selection can be carried out extensively and effectively using geographic information systems (GIS). On the other hand, the unsatisfactory results obtained with GIS recently have made it mandatory to use spatial multiple criteria decision-making (S-MCDM) methods that include the decision-makers in the process. In this study, landfill site selection was carried out in eight provinces in the region under the responsibility of the Eastern Black Sea Project Regional Development Administration (DOKAP). GIS and S-MCDM were used together in this site selection process. A total of eight spatial data layers were used in the site selection application. Afterwards, storage areas determined as suitable via GIS analysis underwent additional evaluation, taking into account geological, seismic, and environmental factors as well as transportation costs. In addition to these multi-component evaluations, odor analyses were carried out on the proposed storage areas using the prevailing wind direction.