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Si Q, Sun W, Liang B, Chen B, Meng J, Xie D, Feng L, Jiang P. Systematic Metabolic Profiling of Mice with Sleep-Deprivation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300413. [PMID: 37880935 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Adequate sleep is essential for the biological maintenance of physical energy. Lack of sleep can affect thinking, lead to emotional anxiety, reduce immunity, and interfere with endocrine and metabolic processes, leading to disease. Previous studies have focused on long-term sleep deprivation and the risk of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. However, systematic metabolomics analyses of blood, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, brown adipose tissue, and fecal granules have not been performed. This study aims to systematically assess the metabolic changes in the target organs caused by sleep deprivation in vivo, to search for differential metabolites and the involved metabolic pathways, to further understand the impact of sleep deprivation on health, and to provide strong evidence for the need for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Si
- Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Benhui Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjun Meng
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dadi Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, 277599, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
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Rojas-Agurto E, Leal-Witt MJ, Arias C, Cabello JF, Bunout D, Cornejo V. Muscle and Bone Health in Young Chilean Adults with Phenylketonuria and Different Degrees of Compliance with the Phenylalanine Restricted Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:2939. [PMID: 37447265 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There are concerns about muscle and bone health in patients with Phenylketonuria (PKU). Our aim was to compare muscle mass, function, and bone health among young adults with PKU who maintained or suspended dietary treatment. METHODS Three groups were considered-PKU-1: 10 patients who used a protein substitute (PS) without phenylalanine (Phe); PKU-2: 14 patients who used the PS without Phe until eighteen years old and then practiced mostly a vegan diet; and 24 matched healthy controls. A 24 h recall survey, blood parameters, body composition and bone mineral density through DEXA, rectus femoris thickness by ultrasound, hand grip strength, submaximal exercise test, and walking speed were assessed. RESULTS PKU-1 patients had lower hand grip strength than their matched controls, but no other differences. Compared to controls, the PKU-2 group had lower fat-free mass (p = 0.01), less spine and femoral bone mineral density (p = 0.04 and p < 0.01, respectively), and peak workload on the incremental test (p = 0.03). When comparing PKU groups, blood Phe levels were significantly lower in the PKU-1 group (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Among PKU patients, abandoning the dietary treatment and maintaining high blood Phe concentrations could be deleterious for muscles and bones. However, we cannot discard other causes of bone and muscle damage in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Rojas-Agurto
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - María Jesús Leal-Witt
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Carolina Arias
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Juan Francisco Cabello
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Daniel Bunout
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Verónica Cornejo
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
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Firman SJ, Ramachandran R, Whelan K, Witard OC, O’Keeffe M. Protein status in phenylketonuria: A scoping review. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:894-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Reduced macular thickness and macular vessel density in early-treated adult patients with PKU. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 27:100767. [PMID: 34026550 PMCID: PMC8121983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Macular structure is poorly evaluated in early-treated phenylketonuria (ETPKU). To evaluate potential changes, we aimed to examine retinas of PKU patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT) with additional OCT angiography (OCTA) and compare the results to healthy controls. Methods A total of 100 adults were recruited in this monocentric, case-control study: 50 patients with ETPKU (mean age: 30.66 ± 8.00 years) and 50 healthy controls (mean age: 30.45 ± 7.18 years). Macular thickness, vessel density and flow area of the right eye was assessed with spectral domain OCT angiography SD-OCT(A). Macular microstructural data between the ETPKU and control group was compared. In the ETPKU group, the relationship between visual functional parameters (best corrected visual acuity [VA], spherical equivalent [SE], contrast sensitivity [CS] and near stereoacuity) and microstructural alterations was examined. The dependency of OCT(A) values on serum phenylalanine (Phe) level was analysed. Results There was significant average parafoveal and perifoveal total retinal layer thinning in ETPKU patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.016 and p < 0.001, respectively), while the foveal region remained unchanged in the ETPKU group. Whole macular and parafoveal superficial capillary plexus density was significantly decreased in ETPKU compared to controls (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the foveal avascular zone, nonflow area, macular superficial and deep capillary plexus between the groups. The temporal parafoveal inner retinal layer thickness was found to negatively correlate with individual Phe levels (r = -0.35, p = 0.042). There was no difference in vascular density and retinal thickness in the subgroup analysis of patients with good therapy adherence compared to patients on a relaxed diet. Conclusions Durable elevation in Phe levels are only partially associated with macular retinal structural changes. However, therapy adherence might not influence these ophthalmological complications.
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Key Words
- Dopamine
- Macular retinal vessel density
- Macular thickness
- Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, (OCTA)
- Optical Coherence Tomography, (OCT)
- Optical coherence tomography angiography
- Parkinson's disease, (PD)
- Phenylalanine level
- Phenylalanine, (Phe)
- Phenylketonuria
- Tyrosine, (Tyr)
- aminoacid supplements, (AAS)
- axial length, (AL)
- contrast sensitivity, (CS)
- deep capillary plexus, (DCP)
- diopters, (D)
- dopamine, (DA)
- early treated phenylketonuria, (ETPKU)
- external limiting membrane/inner segment of photoreceptors/outer segment of photoreceptors, (ELM/IS/OS)
- ganglion cell complex, (GCC)
- ganglion cell layer, (GCL)
- inner limiting membrane, (ILM)
- inner nuclear layer, (INL)
- inner plexiform layer, (IPL)
- inner retinal layer, (IRL)
- intraocular pressure, (IOP)
- outer nuclear layer, (ONL)
- outer plexiform layer, (OPL)
- outer retinal layer, (ORL)
- phenylalanine hydroxylase gene, (PAH)
- phenylketonuria, (PKU)
- retinal nerve fiber layer, (RNFL)
- retinal pigment epithelium, (RPE)
- signal strength index, (SSI)
- sine-wave contrast test, (SWCT)
- spectral domain, (SD)
- spherical equivalent, (SE)
- split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography, (SSADA)
- superficial capillary plexus, (SCP)
- tetrahydrobiopterin, (BH4)
- total retinal layer thickness, (TRLT)
- vessel density, (VD)
- visual acuity, (VA)
- visual evoked potential, (VEP)
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Serfozo C, Barta AG, Horvath E, Sumanszki C, Csakany B, Resch M, Nagy ZZ, Reismann P. Altered visual functions, macular ganglion cell and papillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in early-treated adult PKU patients. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 25:100649. [PMID: 32995291 PMCID: PMC7516291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal changes are poorly described in early treated phenylketonuria (ETPKU). We aimed to investigate possible visual functional and ocular microstructural changes in adult patients with ETPKU. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its angiography (OCTA) data from patients with PKU were compared to healthy controls. Methods In this prospective, monocentric, cross-sectional, case-control study 50 patients with ETPKU and 50 healthy subjects were evaluated with OCT and OCTA. Measurements were performed on right eyes. The following visual function parameters were studied: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), contrast sensitivity and near stereoacuity; microstructural parameters: retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), ganglion cell layer (GCC) thickness, focal loss of volume (FLV), global loss of volume (GLV), peripapillary, papillary vessel density (VD), ocular axial length (AL) and intraocular pressure (IOP). Results Among functional tests there were significant differences in contrast sensitivity at 1.5 (p < 0.001), 6 (p < 0.013), 12 (p < 0.001), 18 (p < 0.003) cycles per degree, in near stereoacuity (Titmus Wirt circles, p < 0.001) and in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, p < 0.001). A statistically significant, moderate positive linear correlation was observed between BCVA and average Phe levels over the last ten years (β = 0.49, p < 0.001). The average (p < 0.001), superior (p < 0.001) inferior GCC (p < 0.001), the FLV (p < 0.003), GLV (p < 0.001) and the average RNFLT (p < 0.004) values of the PKU group were significantly lower than the controls. The serum phenylalanine level (Phe) in the PKU group negatively correlated with inferior (−0.32, p < 0.007), superior (r = −0.26, p < 0.028) and average (−0.29 p < 0.014) RNFL and with AL (−0.32, p < 0.026). In AL we detected a significant difference (p < 0.04) between the good and suboptimal dietary controlled group. There was no significant difference between the ETPKU and control group in the measured vessel density parameters and in IOP. Conclusions Our results suggest that functional and ocular microstructural defects are present in patients with PKU, and some of them may depend on dietary control. The mechanism is unclear, but the correlation indicates the importance of strict dietary control in terms of preservation of retinal functions.
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Key Words
- AAS, aminoacid supplements
- AL, axial length
- BCVA, best corrected visual acuity
- BH4, Tetrahydrobiopterine
- D, diopters
- DA, dopamine
- Dopamine
- ETDRS, early treatment diabetic retinopathy study
- ETPKU, early-treated phenylketonuria
- FLV, focal loss of volume
- GCC, ganglion cell layer thickness
- GLV, global loss of volume
- GMP, Glycomacropeptide
- Ganglion cell layer thickness
- IOP, intraocular pressure
- LogMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution
- Myopia
- OCT, optical coherence tomography
- OCTA, optical coherence tomography angiography
- Optical coherence tomography angiography
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- PKU, phenylketonuria
- Phe, phenylalanine
- Phenylalanine level
- Phenylketonuria
- RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer
- RNFLT, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
- Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
- SD, spectral domain
- SE, spherical equivalent
- SWCT, sine wave contrast test
- VD, vessel density
- VEPs, Visual evoked potentials
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Serfozo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Maria utca 39, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Andras Gellert Barta
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Koranyi Sandor utca 2/a, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Endre Horvath
- Independent statistician, H-1171, Alsodabas park 4/2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sumanszki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Koranyi Sandor utca 2/a, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Bela Csakany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Maria utca 39, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Miklos Resch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Maria utca 39, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Zsolt Nagy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Maria utca 39, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Peter Reismann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Koranyi Sandor utca 2/a, Budapest 1083, Hungary
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