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Arambula-Maldonado R, Mequanint K. Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of iMSCs on GelMA-BG-MWCNT Nanocomposite Hydrogels. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:338. [PMID: 38921218 PMCID: PMC11201442 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9060338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability of bone biomaterials to promote osteogenic differentiation is crucial for the repair and regeneration of osseous tissue. The development of a temporary bone substitute is of major importance in enhancing the growth and differentiation of human-derived stem cells into an osteogenic lineage. In this study, nanocomposite hydrogels composed of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), bioactive glass (BG), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were developed to create a bone biomaterial that mimics the structural and electrically conductive nature of bone that can promote the differentiation of human-derived stem cells. GelMA-BG-MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogels supported mesenchymal stem cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, hereinafter named iMSCs. Cell adhesion was improved upon coating nanocomposite hydrogels with fibronectin and was further enhanced when seeding pre-differentiated iMSCs. Osteogenic differentiation and mature mineralization were promoted in GelMA-BG-MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogels and were most evidently observed in the 70-30-2 hydrogels, which could be due to the stiff topography characteristic from the addition of MWCNT. Overall, the results of this study showed that GelMA-BG-MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogels coated with fibronectin possessed a favorable environment in which pre-differentiated iMSCs could better attach, proliferate, and further mature into an osteogenic lineage, which was crucial for the repair and regeneration of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Arambula-Maldonado
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
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Silva JC, Marcelino P, Meneses J, Barbosa F, Moura CS, Marques AC, Cabral JMS, Pascoal-Faria P, Alves N, Morgado J, Ferreira FC, Garrudo FFF. Synergy between 3D-extruded electroconductive scaffolds and electrical stimulation to improve bone tissue engineering strategies. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2771-2794. [PMID: 38384239 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02673f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a simple, reliable, and versatile strategy to create 3D electroconductive scaffolds suitable for bone tissue engineering (TE) applications with electrical stimulation (ES). The proposed scaffolds are made of 3D-extruded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), subjected to alkaline treatment, and of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), anchored to PCL with one of two different crosslinkers: (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS) and divinyl sulfone (DVS). Both cross-linkers allowed the formation of a homogenous and continuous coating of PEDOT:PSS to PCL. We show that these PEDOT:PSS coatings are electroconductive (11.3-20.1 S cm-1), stable (up to 21 days in saline solution), and allow the immobilization of gelatin (Gel) to further improve bioactivity. In vitro mineralization of the corresponding 3D conductive scaffolds was greatly enhanced (GOPS(NaOH)-Gel - 3.1 fold, DVS(NaOH)-Gel - 2.0 fold) and cell colonization and proliferation were the highest for the DVS(NaOH)-Gel scaffold. In silico modelling of ES application in DVS(NaOH)-Gel scaffolds indicates that the electrical field distribution is homogeneous, which reduces the probability of formation of faradaic products. Osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) was performed under ES. Importantly, our results clearly demonstrated a synergistic effect of scaffold electroconductivity and ES on the enhancement of MSC osteogenic differentiation, particularly on cell-secreted calcium deposition and the upregulation of osteogenic gene markers such as COL I, OC and CACNA1C. These scaffolds hold promise for future clinical applications, including manufacturing of personalized bone TE grafts for transplantation with enhanced maturation/functionality or bioelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C Silva
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Pedro Marcelino
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
| | - João Meneses
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
| | - Frederico Barbosa
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Carla S Moura
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana C Marques
- CERENA, DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Paula Pascoal-Faria
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
- Department of Mathematics, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Morro do Lena-Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory Arise, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Alves
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Morro do Lena-Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory Arise, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Morgado
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Frederico Castelo Ferreira
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Fábio F F Garrudo
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
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Sacchi M, Sauter-Starace F, Mailley P, Texier I. Resorbable conductive materials for optimally interfacing medical devices with the living. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1294238. [PMID: 38449676 PMCID: PMC10916519 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1294238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Implantable and wearable bioelectronic systems are arising growing interest in the medical field. Linking the microelectronic (electronic conductivity) and biological (ionic conductivity) worlds, the biocompatible conductive materials at the electrode/tissue interface are key components in these systems. We herein focus more particularly on resorbable bioelectronic systems, which can safely degrade in the biological environment once they have completed their purpose, namely, stimulating or sensing biological activity in the tissues. Resorbable conductive materials are also explored in the fields of tissue engineering and 3D cell culture. After a short description of polymer-based substrates and scaffolds, and resorbable electrical conductors, we review how they can be combined to design resorbable conductive materials. Although these materials are still emerging, various medical and biomedical applications are already taking shape that can profoundly modify post-operative and wound healing follow-up. Future challenges and perspectives in the field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sacchi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, JACOB-SEPIA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Fabien Sauter-Starace
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Mailley
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Texier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI-DTIS (Département des Technologies pour l’Innovation en Santé), Grenoble, France
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Mehrotra S, Dey S, Sachdeva K, Mohanty S, Mandal BB. Recent advances in tailoring stimuli-responsive hybrid scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering and allied applications. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10297-10331. [PMID: 37905467 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00450c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
To recapitulate bio-physical properties and functional behaviour of native heart tissues, recent tissue engineering-based approaches are focused on developing smart/stimuli-responsive materials for interfacing cardiac cells. Overcoming the drawbacks of the traditionally used biomaterials, these smart materials portray outstanding mechanical and conductive properties while promoting cell-cell interaction and cell-matrix transduction cues in such excitable tissues. To date, a large number of stimuli-responsive materials have been employed for interfacing cardiac tissues alone or in combination with natural/synthetic materials for cardiac tissue engineering. However, their comprehensive classification and a comparative analysis of the role played by these materials in regulating cardiac cell behaviour and in vivo metabolism are much less discussed. In an attempt to cover the recent advances in fabricating stimuli-responsive biomaterials for engineering cardiac tissues, this review details the role of these materials in modulating cardiomyocyte behaviour, functionality and surrounding matrix properties. Furthermore, concerns and challenges regarding the clinical translation of these materials and the possibility of using such materials for the fabrication of bio-actuators and bioelectronic devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Mehrotra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahti-781039, Assam, India. biman.mandal@iitg,ac.in
| | - Souradeep Dey
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahti-781039, Assam, India
| | - Kunj Sachdeva
- DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahti-781039, Assam, India. biman.mandal@iitg,ac.in
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahti-781039, Assam, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
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Arambula-Maldonado R, Liu Y, Xing M, Mequanint K. Bioactive and electrically conductive GelMA-BG-MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogel bone biomaterials. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213616. [PMID: 37708668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural bone is a complex organic-inorganic composite tissue that possesses endogenous electrically conductive properties in response to mechanical forces. Mimicking these unique properties collectively in a single synthetic biomaterial has so far remained a formidable task. In this study, we report a synthesis strategy that comprised gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), sol-gel derived tertiary bioactive glass (BG), and uniformly dispersed multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to create nanocomposite hydrogels that mimic the organic-inorganic composition of bone. Using this strategy, biomaterials that are electrically conductive and possess electro-mechanical properties similar to endogenous bone were prepared without affecting their biocompatibility. Nanocomposite hydrogel biomaterials were biodegradable and promoted biomineralization, and supported multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cell (10T1/2) cell interactions and differentiation into an osteogenic lineage. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first study to functionally characterize suitable electro-mechanical responses in nanocomposite hydrogels, a key process that occurs in the natural bone to drive its repair and regeneration. Overall, the results demonstrated GelMA-BG-MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogels have the potential to become promising bioactive biomaterials for use in bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Arambula-Maldonado
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London N6A 5B9, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London N6A 5B9, Canada.
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Li M, Wu Y, Yuan T, Su H, Qin M, Yang X, Mi S. Biofabrication of Composite Tendon Constructs with the Fibrous Arrangement, High Cell Density, and Enhanced Cell Alignment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47989-48000. [PMID: 37796904 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Current tissue-engineered tendons are mostly limited to the replication of fibrous organizations of native tendons, which lack the biomimicry of a densely packed cell arrangement. In this study, composite tendon constructs (CTCs) with fibrous arrangement, high cell density, and enhanced cell alignment were developed by integrating the electrohydrodynamic jet 3D printing (e-jetting) technique and the fabrication of tissue strands (TSs). A tubular polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold was created using e-jetting, followed by coating a thin layer of alginate. Human mesenchymal stem cells were then microinjected into the PCL scaffolds, aggregated into TSs, and formed CTCs with a core-shell structure. Owing to the presence of TSs, CTCs demonstrated the anatomically relevant cell density and morphology, and cells migrated from the TSs onto e-jetted scaffolds. Also, the mechanical strength of CTCs approached that of native tendons due to the existence of e-jetted scaffolds (Young's modulus: ∼21 MPa, ultimate strength: ∼5 MPa). During the entire culture period, CTCs maintained high survival rates and good structural integrity without the observation of necrotic cores and disintegration of two portions. In addition, CTCs that were cultured with uniaxial cyclic stretching revealed not only the increased expression of tendon-related proteins but also the enhanced cellular orientation. The promising results demonstrated the potential of this novel biofabrication strategy for building tissue-engineered tendon constructs with the proper biological, mechanical, and histological relevance..
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianying Yuan
- Biomanufacturing Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hao Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Minghao Qin
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shengli Mi
- Biomanufacturing Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Open FIESTA Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Zarur M, Seijo-Rabina A, Blanco-Fernandez B, Rodríguez-Moldes I, Concheiro A. Physical stimuli-emitting scaffolds: The role of piezoelectricity in tissue regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100740. [PMID: 37521523 PMCID: PMC10374602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between life expectancy and quality of life is increasing due to the raising prevalence of chronic diseases. Musculoskeletal disorders and chronic wounds affect a growing percentage of people and demand more efficient tools for regenerative medicine. Scaffolds that can better mimic the natural physical stimuli that tissues receive under healthy conditions and during healing may significantly aid the regeneration process. Shape, mechanical properties, pore size and interconnectivity have already been demonstrated to be relevant scaffold features that can determine cell adhesion and differentiation. Much less attention has been paid to scaffolds that can deliver more dynamic physical stimuli, such as electrical signals. Recent developments in the precise measurement of electrical fields in vivo have revealed their key role in cell movement (galvanotaxis), growth, activation of secondary cascades, and differentiation to different lineages in a variety of tissues, not just neural. Piezoelectric scaffolds can mimic the natural bioelectric potentials and gradients in an autonomous way by generating the electric stimuli themselves when subjected to mechanical loads or, if the patient or the tissue lacks mobility, ultrasound irradiation. This review provides an analysis on endogenous bioelectrical signals, recent developments on piezoelectric scaffolds for bone, cartilage, tendon and nerve regeneration, and their main outcomes in vivo. Wound healing with piezoelectric dressings is addressed in the last section with relevant examples of performance in animal models. Results evidence that a fine adjustment of material composition and processing (electrospinning, corona poling, 3D printing, annealing) provides scaffolds that act as true emitters of electrical stimuli that activate endogenous signaling pathways for more efficient and long-term tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mariana Zarur
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alejandro Seijo-Rabina
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Barbara Blanco-Fernandez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez-Moldes
- Grupo NEURODEVO, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Akiyama N, Patel KD, Jang EJ, Shannon MR, Patel R, Patel M, Perriman AW. Tubular nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:6225-6248. [PMID: 37309580 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00905j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial composition, morphology, and mechanical performance are critical parameters for tissue engineering. Within this rapidly expanding space, tubular nanomaterials (TNs), including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), titanium oxide nanotubes (TNTs), halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), silica nanotubes (SiNTs), and hydroxyapatite nanotubes (HANTs) have shown significant potential across a broad range of applications due to their high surface area, versatile surface chemistry, well-defined mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility, and monodispersity. These include drug delivery vectors, imaging contrast agents, and scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. This review is centered on the recent developments in TN-based biomaterials for structural tissue engineering, with a strong focus on bone tissue regeneration. It includes a detailed literature review on TN-based orthopedic coatings for metallic implants and composite scaffolds to enhance in vivo bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Akiyama
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Cooper Union of the Advancement of Science and Art, New York City, NY 10003, USA
| | - Kapil D Patel
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Eun Jo Jang
- Nano Science and Engineering (NSE), Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, South Korea
| | - Mark R Shannon
- Bristol Composites Institute (BCI), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UP, UK
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, South Korea
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.
| | - Adam Willis Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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Nalesso PRL, Vedovatto M, Gregório JES, Huang B, Vyas C, Santamaria-Jr M, Bártolo P, Caetano GF. Early In Vivo Osteogenic and Inflammatory Response of 3D Printed Polycaprolactone/Carbon Nanotube/Hydroxyapatite/Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2952. [PMID: 37447597 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced biomaterials and manufacturing processes to fabricate biologically and mechanically appropriate scaffolds for bone tissue is a significant challenge. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biocompatible and degradable polymer used in bone tissue engineering, but it lacks biofunctionalization. Bioceramics, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), which are similar chemically to native bone, can facilitate both osteointegration and osteoinduction whilst improving the biomechanics of a scaffold. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) display exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. A major limitation is the understanding of how PCL-based scaffolds containing HA, TCP, and CNTs behave in vivo in a bone regeneration model. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of three-dimensional (3D) printed PCL-based composite scaffolds containing CNTs, HA, and β-TCP during the initial osteogenic and inflammatory response phase in a critical bone defect rat model. Gene expression related to early osteogenesis, the inflammatory phase, and tissue formation was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Tissue formation and mineralization were assessed by histomorphometry. The CNT+HA/TCP group presented higher expression of osteogenic genes after seven days. The CNT+HA and CNT+TCP groups stimulated higher gene expression for tissue formation and mineralization, and pro- and anti-inflammatory genes after 14 and 30 days. Moreover, the CNT+TCP and CNT+HA/TCP groups showed higher gene expressions related to M1 macrophages. The association of CNTs with ceramics at 10wt% (CNT+HA/TCP) showed lower expressions of inflammatory genes and higher osteogenic, presenting a positive impact and balanced cell signaling for early bone formation. The association of CNTs with both ceramics promoted a minor inflammatory response and faster bone tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto Lopes Nalesso
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University Centre of Hermínio Ometto Foundation, Araras 13607-339, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Vedovatto
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University Centre of Hermínio Ometto Foundation, Araras 13607-339, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Boyang Huang
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Cian Vyas
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Milton Santamaria-Jr
- Graduate Program of Orthodontics, University Centre of Hermínio Ometto Foundation, Araras 13607-339, SP, Brazil
- Department of Social and Pediatric Dentistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology - College of Dentistry, São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Bártolo
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Guilherme Ferreira Caetano
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University Centre of Hermínio Ometto Foundation, Araras 13607-339, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Orthodontics, University Centre of Hermínio Ometto Foundation, Araras 13607-339, SP, Brazil
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, São Paulo University (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
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10
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Azaman FA, Brennan Fournet ME, Sheikh Ab Hamid S, Zawawi MSF, da Silva Junior VA, Devine DM. Enhancement of Scaffold In Vivo Biodegradability for Bone Regeneration Using P28 Peptide Formulations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:876. [PMID: 37375823 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of bone tissue engineering has shown a great variety of bone graft substitute materials under development to date, with the aim to reconstruct new bone tissue while maintaining characteristics close to the native bone. Currently, insufficient scaffold degradation remains the critical limitation for the success of tailoring the bone formation turnover rate. This study examines novel scaffold formulations to improve the degradation rate in vivo, utilising chitosan (CS), hydroxyapatite (HAp) and fluorapatite (FAp) at different ratios. Previously, the P28 peptide was reported to present similar, if not better performance in new bone production to its native protein, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), in promoting osteogenesis in vivo. Therefore, various P28 concentrations were incorporated into the CS/HAp/FAp scaffolds for implantation in vivo. H&E staining shows minimal scaffold traces in most of the defects induced after eight weeks, showing the enhanced biodegradability of the scaffolds in vivo. The HE stain highlighted the thickened periosteum indicating a new bone formation in the scaffolds, where CS/HAp/FAp/P28 75 µg and CS/HAp/FAp/P28 150 µg showed the cortical and trabecular thickening. CS/HAp/FAp 1:1 P28 150 µg scaffolds showed a higher intensity of calcein green label with the absence of xylenol orange label, which indicates that mineralisation and remodelling was not ongoing four days prior to sacrifice. Conversely, double labelling was observed in the CS/HAp/FAp 1:1 P28 25 µg and CS/HAp/FAp/P28 75 µg, which indicates continued mineralisation at days ten and four prior to sacrifice. Based on the HE and fluorochrome label, CS/HAp/FAp 1:1 with P28 peptides presented a consistent positive osteoinduction following the implantation in the femoral condyle defects. These results show the ability of this tailored formulation to improve the scaffold degradation for bone regeneration and present a cost-effective alternative to BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Alwani Azaman
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon (TUS), N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzina Sheikh Ab Hamid
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Syahrul Fitri Zawawi
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | | | - Declan M Devine
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon (TUS), N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
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11
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Arif ZU, Khalid MY, Noroozi R, Hossain M, Shi HH, Tariq A, Ramakrishna S, Umer R. Additive manufacturing of sustainable biomaterials for biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100812. [PMID: 37274921 PMCID: PMC10238852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are promising environmentally benign materials applicable in multifarious applications. They are especially favorable in implantable biomedical devices thanks to their excellent unique properties, including bioactivity, renewability, bioresorbability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilicity. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a flexible and intricate manufacturing technology, which is widely used to fabricate biopolymer-based customized products and structures for advanced healthcare systems. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of these sustainable materials is applied in functional clinical settings including wound dressing, drug delivery systems, medical implants and tissue engineering. The present review highlights recent advancements in different types of biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, which are employed to develop different biomedical products by using extrusion, vat polymerization, laser and inkjet 3D printing techniques in addition to normal bioprinting and four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting techniques. This review also incorporates the influence of nanoparticles on the biological and mechanical performances of 3D-printed tissue scaffolds. This work also addresses current challenges as well as future developments of environmentally friendly polymeric materials manufactured through the AM techniques. Ideally, there is a need for more focused research on the adequate blending of these biodegradable biopolymers for achieving useful results in targeted biomedical areas. We envision that biopolymer-based 3D-printed composites have the potential to revolutionize the biomedical sector in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ullah Arif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khalid
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reza Noroozi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mokarram Hossain
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering (ZCCE), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - HaoTian Harvey Shi
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Western University, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ali Tariq
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Rehan Umer
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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12
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Dixon DT, Gomillion CT. 3D-Printed conductive polymeric scaffolds with direct current electrical stimulation for enhanced bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1351-1364. [PMID: 36825765 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Various methods have been used to treat bone defects caused by genetic disorders, injury, or disease. Yet, there is still great need to develop alternative approaches to repair damaged bone tissue. Bones naturally exhibit piezoelectric potential, or the ability to convert mechanical stresses into electrical impulses. This phenomenon has been utilized clinically to enhance bone regeneration in conjunction with electrical stimulation (ES) therapies; however, oftentimes with critical-sized bone defects, the bioelectric potential at the site of injury is compromised, resulting in less desirable outcomes. In the present study, the potential of a 3D-printed conductive polymer blend to enhance bone formation through restoration of the bioelectrical microenvironment was evaluated. A commercially available 3D printer was used to create circular, thin-film scaffolds consisting of either polylactide (PLA) or a conductive PLA (CPLA) composite. Preosteoblast cells were seeded onto the scaffolds and subjected to direct current ES via a purpose-built cell culture chamber. It was found that CPLA scaffolds had no adverse effects on cell viability, proliferation or differentiation when compared with control scaffolds. The addition of ES, however, resulted in a significant increase in the expression of osteocalcin, a protein indicative of osteoblast maturation, after 14 days of culture. Furthermore, xylenol orange staining also showed the presence of increased mineralized calcium nodules in cultures undergoing stimulation. This study demonstrates the potential for low-cost, conductive scaffolding materials to support cell viability and enhance in vitro mineralization in conjunction with ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damion T Dixon
- School of Environmental, Civil, Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Cheryl T Gomillion
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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13
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Zhou G, Wang F, Lin G, Tang B, Li X, Ding X, Wang W, Zhang J, Shi Y. Novel coatings for the continuous repair of human bone defects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113127. [PMID: 36610365 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects are the second most common tissue grafts after blood. However, bone grafts face several problems, such as bone scaffolds, which have low bioactivity and are prone to corrosion. Much of the current research on bone scaffolds is focused on the mechanical aspects such as structure and strength. Surface modification of the bone scaffold is carried out in terms of the mechanical structure or structural design of the bone scaffold with reference to a bionic structure. However, with the development of mechanical designs, materials science, and medicine, many studies have reported that promoting bone growth by modifying the structure of the scaffold or coating is not possible. Therefore, the application of a bioactive coating to the surface of the bone scaffold is particularly important to generate a synergistic effect between the structure and active coating. In this article, we present several perspectives to improve the bioactivity of bone scaffolds, including corrosion resistance, loading of bioactive coatings or drugs on bone scaffolds, improved adhesion to the surface of the bone scaffolds, immune response modulation, and drawing on bionic structures during manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Guimei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Bingtao Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Xuelin Li
- School of Arts and Design, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xinbing Ding
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Wenguang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Yanbin Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China; School of Arts and Design, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
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14
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Sheng R, Mu J, Chernozem RV, Mukhortova YR, Surmeneva MA, Pariy IO, Ludwig T, Mathur S, Xu C, Surmenev RA, Liu HH. Fabrication and Characterization of Piezoelectric Polymer Composites and Cytocompatibility with Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3731-3743. [PMID: 36626669 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric materials are promising for biomedical applications because they can provide mechanical or electrical stimulations via converse or direct piezoelectric effects. The stimulations have been proven to be beneficial for cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. Recent reports showed that doping different contents of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) or polyaniline (PANi) into biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) enhanced their piezoelectric response, showing potential for biomedical applications. In this study, we aim to determine the correlation between physiochemical properties and the in vitro cell response to the PHB-based composite scaffolds with rGO or PANi. Specifically, we characterized the surface morphology, wetting behavior, electrochemical impedance, and piezoelectric properties of the composites and controls. The addition of rGO and PANi resulted in decreased fiber diameters and hydrophobicity of PHB. The increased surface energy of PHB after doping nanofillers led to a reduced water contact angle (WCA) from 101.84 ± 2.18° (for PHB) to 88.43 ± 0.83° after the addition of 3 wt % PANi, whereas doping 1 wt % rGO decreased the WCA value to 92.56 ± 2.43°. Meanwhile, doping 0.2 wt % rGO into PHB improved the piezoelectric properties compared to the PHB control and other composites. Adding up to 1 wt % rGO or 3 wt % PANi nanofillers in PHB did not affect the adhesion densities of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. The aspect ratios of attached BMSCs on the composite scaffolds increased compared to the PHB control. The study indicated that the PHB-based composites are promising for potential applications such as regenerative medicine, tissue stimulation, and bio-sensing, which should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Sheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Jing Mu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Roman V Chernozem
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yulia R Mukhortova
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria A Surmeneva
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050Tomsk, Russia
| | - Igor O Pariy
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tim Ludwig
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939Cologne, Germany
| | - Changlu Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Roman A Surmenev
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050Tomsk, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939Cologne, Germany
| | - Huinan Hannah Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
- Stem Cell Center, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
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15
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Asl MA, Karbasi S, Beigi-Boroujeni S, Benisi SZ, Saeed M. Polyhydroxybutyrate-starch/carbon nanotube electrospun nanocomposite: A highly potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:524-542. [PMID: 36356869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Blend nanofibers composed of synthetic and natural polymers with carbon nanomaterial, have a great potential for bone tissue engineering. In this study, the electrospun nanocomposite scaffolds based on polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB)-Starch-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated with different concentrations of MWCNTs including 0.5, 0.75 and 1 wt%. The synthesized scaffolds were characterized in terms of morphology, porosity, thermal and mechanical properties, biodegradation, bioactivity, and cell behavior. The effect of the developed structures on MG63 cells was determined by real-time PCR quantification of collagen type I, osteocalcin, osteopontin and osteonectin genes. Our results showed that the scaffold containing 1 wt% MWCNTs presented the lowest fiber diameter (124 ± 44 nm) with a porosity percentage above 80 % and the highest tensile strength (24.37 ± 0.22 MPa). The addition of MWCNTs has a positive effect on surface roughness and hydrophilicity. The formation of calcium phosphate sediments on the surface of the scaffolds after immersion in SBF is observed by SEM and verified by EDS and XRD analysis.MG63 cells were well cultured on the scaffold containing MWCNTs and presented more cell viability, ALP secretion, calcium deposition and gene expression compared to the scaffolds without MWCNTs. The PHB-starch-1wt.%MWCNTs scaffold can be considerable for studies of supplemental bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abdollahi Asl
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1469669191, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Saeed Beigi-Boroujeni
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur, Monterrey 2501, N.L., Mexico; Hard Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Zamanlui Benisi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Saeed
- Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Vilela FB, Silva ES, de Lourdes Noronha Motta Melo M, Oliveira RMP, Capellato P, Sachs D. Polymeric Orthosis with Electromagnetic Stimulator Controlled by Mobile Application for Bone Fracture Healing: Evaluation of Design Concepts for Medical Use. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8141. [PMID: 36431627 PMCID: PMC9698363 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: The occurrence of bone fractures is increasing worldwide, mainly due to the health problems that follow the aging population. The use of additive manufacturing and electrical stimulators can be applied for bioactive achievements in bone healing. However, such technologies are difficult to be transferred to medical practice. This work aims to develop an orthosis with a combined magnetic field (CFM) electrostimulator that demonstrates concepts and design aspects that facilitate its use in a real scenario. Methods: A 3D-printed orthosis made of two meshes was manufactured using PLA for outer mechanical stabilization mesh and TPU for inner fixation mesh to avoid mobilization. A CFM stimulator of reduced dimension controlled by a mobile application was coupled onto the orthosis. The design concepts were evaluated by health professionals and their resistance to chemical agents commonly used in daily activities were tested. Their thermal, chemical and electrical properties were also characterized. Results: No degradation was observed after exposure to chemical agents. The CMF achieved proper intensity (20-40 µT). The thermal analysis indicated its appropriate use for being modelled during clinical assessment. Conclusion: An orthosis with a coupled electrostimulator that works with a combined magnetic field and is controlled by mobile application was developed, and it has advantageous characteristics when compared to traditional techniques for application in real medical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Bueno Vilela
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Serafim Silva
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Rochelly Mariana Pedroso Oliveira
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Patricia Capellato
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sachs
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
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17
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Conductive fibers for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2022; 22:343-364. [PMID: 36311045 PMCID: PMC9588989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioelectricity has been stated as a key factor in regulating cell activity and tissue function in electroactive tissues. Thus, various biomedical electronic constructs have been developed to interfere with cell behaviors to promote tissue regeneration, or to interface with cells or tissue/organ surfaces to acquire physiological status via electrical signals. Benefiting from the outstanding advantages of flexibility, structural diversity, customizable mechanical properties, and tunable distribution of conductive components, conductive fibers are able to avoid the damage-inducing mechanical mismatch between the construct and the biological environment, in return to ensure stable functioning of such constructs during physiological deformation. Herein, this review starts by presenting current fabrication technologies of conductive fibers including wet spinning, microfluidic spinning, electrospinning and 3D printing as well as surface modification on fibers and fiber assemblies. To provide an update on the biomedical applications of conductive fibers and fiber assemblies, we further elaborate conductive fibrous constructs utilized in tissue engineering and regeneration, implantable healthcare bioelectronics, and wearable healthcare bioelectronics. To conclude, current challenges and future perspectives of biomedical electronic constructs built by conductive fibers are discussed.
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18
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Assali M, Kittana N, Alhaj-Qasem S, Hajjyahya M, Abu-Rass H, Alshaer W, Al-Buqain R. Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes as a scaffold for tissue engineering. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12062. [PMID: 35835926 PMCID: PMC9283586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is one of the hot topics in recent research that needs special requirements. It depends on the development of scaffolds that allow tissue formation with certain characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-collagen composite attracted the attention of the researchers with this respect. However, CNTs suffer from low water dispersibility, which hampered their utilization. Therefore, we aim to functionalize CNTs non-covalently with pyrene moiety using an appropriate hydrophilic linker derivatized from polyethylene glycol (PEG) terminated with hydroxyl or carboxyl group to disperse them in water. The functionalization of the CNTs is successfully confirmed by TEM, absorption spectroscopy, TGA, and zeta potential analysis. 3T3 cells-based engineered connective tissues (ECTs) are generated with different concentrations of the functionalized CNTs (f-CNTs). These tissues show a significant enhancement in electrical conductivity at a concentration of 0.025%, however, the cell viability is reduced by about 10 to 20%. All ECTs containing f-CNTs show a significant reduction in tissue fibrosis and matrix porosity relative to the control tissues. Taken together, the developed constructs show great potential for further in vivo studies as engineered tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohyeddin Assali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Naim Kittana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Sahar Alhaj-Qasem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Muna Hajjyahya
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Hanood Abu-Rass
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Rula Al-Buqain
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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19
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Zhao G, Zhou H, Jin G, Jin B, Geng S, Luo Z, Ge Z, Xu F. Rational Design of Electrically Conductive Biomaterials toward Excitable Tissues Regeneration. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Wang Y, Li J, Xie Y, Hu J, Zhu X, Sun S, Jing X, Mi HY, Liu C, Shen C. Fabrication of wrinkled thermoplastic polyurethane foams by dynamic supercritical carbon dioxide foaming. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Dominguez-Alfaro A, Criado-Gonzalez M, Gabirondo E, Lasa-Fernández H, Olmedo-Martínez JL, Casado N, Alegret N, Müller AJ, Sardon H, Vallejo-Illarramendi A, Mecerreyes D. Electroactive 3D printable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymers as scaffolds for muscle cell alignment. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01185e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Graft copolymers between conducting PEDOT and biodegradable PCL were synthesized and investigated for 3D printing scaffolds for patterning of muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Carbon Bionanotechnology Group, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elena Gabirondo
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Haizpea Lasa-Fernández
- Carbon Bionanotechnology Group, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Jorge L. Olmedo-Martínez
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nerea Casado
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nuria Alegret
- Carbon Bionanotechnology Group, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- IIS Biodonostia, Neurosciences Area, Group of Neuromuscular Diseases, Paseo Dr. Begiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Alejandro J. Müller
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ainara Vallejo-Illarramendi
- IIS Biodonostia, Neurosciences Area, Group of Neuromuscular Diseases, Paseo Dr. Begiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Group of Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, UPV/EHU, Paseo Dr. Begiristain 105, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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22
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In Vivo Investigation of Polymer-Ceramic PCL/HA and PCL/β-TCP 3D Composite Scaffolds and Electrical Stimulation for Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010065. [PMID: 35012090 PMCID: PMC8747620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical bone defects are a major clinical challenge in reconstructive bone surgery. Polycaprolactone (PCL) mixed with bioceramics, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), create composite scaffolds with improved biological recognition and bioactivity. Electrical stimulation (ES) aims to compensate the compromised endogenous electrical signals and to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation. We investigated the effects of composite scaffolds (PCL with HA; and PCL with β-TCP) and the use of ES on critical bone defects in Wistar rats using eight experimental groups: untreated, ES, PCL, PCL/ES, HA, HA/ES, TCP, and TCP/ES. The investigation was based on histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression analysis. The vascular area was greater in the HA/ES group on days 30 and 60. Tissue mineralization was greater in the HA, HA/ES, and TCP groups at day 30, and TCP/ES at day 60. Bmp-2 gene expression was higher in the HA, TCP, and TCP/ES groups at day 30, and in the TCP/ES and PCL/ES groups at day 60. Runx-2, Osterix, and Osteopontin gene expression were also higher in the TCP/ES group at day 60. These results suggest that scaffolds printed with PCL and TCP, when paired with electrical therapy application, improve bone regeneration.
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23
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Dixon DT, Gomillion CT. Conductive Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Current State and Future Outlook. J Funct Biomater 2021; 13:1. [PMID: 35076518 PMCID: PMC8788550 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering strategies attempt to regenerate bone tissue lost due to injury or disease. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds maintain structural integrity and provide support, while improving tissue regeneration through amplified cellular responses between implanted materials and native tissues. Through this, scaffolds that show great osteoinductive abilities as well as desirable mechanical properties have been studied. Recently, scaffolding for engineered bone-like tissues have evolved with the use of conductive materials for increased scaffold bioactivity. These materials make use of several characteristics that have been shown to be useful in tissue engineering applications and combine them in the hope of improved cellular responses through stimulation (i.e., mechanical or electrical). With the addition of conductive materials, these bioactive synthetic bone substitutes could result in improved regeneration outcomes by reducing current factors limiting the effectiveness of existing scaffolding materials. This review seeks to overview the challenges associated with the current state of bone tissue engineering, the need to produce new grafting substitutes, and the promising future that conductive materials present towards alleviating the issues associated with bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damion T. Dixon
- School of Environmental, Civil, Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Cheryl T. Gomillion
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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24
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Jampilek J, Placha D. Advances in Use of Nanomaterials for Musculoskeletal Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1994. [PMID: 34959276 PMCID: PMC8703496 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the worldwide incidence of bone disorders and cartilage damage has been increasing and traditional therapy has reached its limits, nanomaterials can provide a new strategy in the regeneration of bones and cartilage. The nanoscale modifies the properties of materials, and many of the recently prepared nanocomposites can be used in tissue engineering as scaffolds for the development of biomimetic materials involved in the repair and healing of damaged tissues and organs. In addition, some nanomaterials represent a noteworthy alternative for treatment and alleviating inflammation or infections caused by microbial pathogens. On the other hand, some nanomaterials induce inflammation processes, especially by the generation of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, it is necessary to know and understand their effects in living systems and use surface modifications to prevent these negative effects. This contribution is focused on nanostructured scaffolds, providing a closer structural support approximation to native tissue architecture for cells and regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, which results in cartilage and bone healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Placha
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Centre ENET, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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25
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Chen FJ, Hsiao YS, Liao IH, Liu CT, Wu PI, Lin CY, Cheng NC, Yu J. Rational design of a highly porous electronic scaffold with concurrent enhancement in cell behaviors and differentiation under electrical stimulation. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7674-7685. [PMID: 34586139 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01260f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Conductive polymers (CPs) have received increasing attention as promising materials for studying electrophysiological signals in cell and tissue engineering. The combination of CPs with electrical stimulation (ES) could possibly enhance neurogenesis, osteogenesis, and myogenesis. To date, research has been prioritized on capitalizing CPs as two-dimensional (2D) structures for guiding the differentiation. In contrast, relatively little is conducted on the implementation of 3D conductive scaffolds. In this research, we report the synergic assembly of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a biocompatible, electrically conductive, mechanically robust and structurally porous 3D scaffold. To showcase the bioelectronic utilization, a proof-of-concept demonstration of electrically stimulated cell culture under ES is conducted. The ES effects coupled with the 3D scaffold are promising on pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12), a neuronal cell line, and the ES effect on osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) was further studied. PC12 cultured on this PEDOT:PSS/MWCNT 3D scaffolds was induced to differentiate toward a more mature neuronal phenotype with the ES treatment. Furthermore, hASC osteogenesis could be highly promoted in this conductive scaffold with ES. Calcium deposition concentration and osteo-differentiated gene markers were significantly higher with ES. The facile assembly of 3D conductive scaffolds sheds light on both platforms for investigating the 3D microenvironment for electrophysiological simulation of cells and tissues under the ES treatment of in vivo tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10607, Taiwan.
| | - I-Hsiang Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Po-I Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Yu Lin
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10048, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan.
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