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Louis L, Chee BS, McAfee M, Nugent M. Electrospun Drug-Loaded and Gene-Loaded Nanofibres: The Holy Grail of Glioblastoma Therapy? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1649. [PMID: 37376095 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, GBM remains highly resistant to therapies that have shown promising effects in other cancers. Therefore, the goal is to take down the shield that these tumours are using to protect themselves and proliferate unchecked, regardless of the advent of diverse therapies. To overcome the limitations of conventional therapy, the use of electrospun nanofibres encapsulated with either a drug or gene has been extensively researched. The aim of this intelligent biomaterial is to achieve a timely release of encapsulated therapy to exert the maximal therapeutic effect simultaneously eliminating dose-limiting toxicities and activating the innate immune response to prevent tumour recurrence. This review article is focused on the developing field of electrospinning and aims to describe the different types of electrospinning techniques in biomedical applications. Each technique describes how not all drugs or genes can be electrospun with any method; their physico-chemical properties, site of action, polymer characteristics and the desired drug or gene release rate determine the strategy used. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives associated with GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Louis
- Materials Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Athlone Main Campus, N37HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Bor Shin Chee
- Materials Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Athlone Main Campus, N37HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Marion McAfee
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Intelligent Systems for Health and Environment (MISHE), Atlantic Technological University, F91YW50 Sligo, Ireland
| | - Michael Nugent
- Materials Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Athlone Main Campus, N37HD68 Athlone, Ireland
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Mi X, Su Z, Yue X, Ren Y, Yang X, Qiang L, Kong W, Ma Z, Zhang C, Wang J. 3D bioprinting tumor models mimic the tumor microenvironment for drug screening. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3813-3827. [PMID: 37052182 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe threat to human life and health and represents the main cause of death globally. Drug therapy is one of the primary means of treating cancer; however, most anticancer medications do not proceed beyond preclinical testing because the conditions of actual human tumors are not effectively mimicked by traditional tumor models. Hence, bionic in vitro tumor models must be developed to screen for anticancer drugs. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology can produce structures with built-in spatial and chemical complexity and models with accurately controlled structures, a homogeneous size and morphology, less variation across batches, and a more realistic tumor microenvironment (TME). This technology can also rapidly produce such models for high-throughput anticancer medication testing. This review describes 3D bioprinting methods, the use of bioinks in tumor models, and in vitro tumor model design strategies for building complex tumor microenvironment features using biological 3D printing technology. Moreover, the application of 3D bioprinting in vitro tumor models in drug screening is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Mi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Zhi Su
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaokun Yue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Ya Ren
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Weiqing Kong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Zhenjiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Changru Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Dai X, Shao Y, Tian X, Cao X, Ye L, Gao P, Cheng H, Wang X. Fusion between Glioma Stem Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Malignant Progression in 3D-Bioprinted Models. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35344-35356. [PMID: 35881920 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between glioma stem cells (GSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the glioma microenvironment is considered to be an important factor in promoting tumor progression, but the mechanism is still not fully elucidated. To further elucidate the interaction between GSCs and MSCs, two 3D-bioprinted tumor models (low-temperature molding and coaxial bioprinting) were used to simulate the tumor growth microenvironment. Cell fusion between GSCs and MSCs was found by the method of Cre-LoxP switch gene and RFP/GFP dual-color fluorescence tracing. The fused cells coexpressed biomarkers of GSCs and MSCs, showing stronger proliferation, cloning, and invasion abilities than GSCs and MSCs. In addition, the fused cells have stronger tumorigenic properties in nude mice, showing the pathological features of malignant tumors. In conclusion, GSCs and MSCs undergo cell fusion in 3D-bioprinted models, and the fused cells have a higher degree of malignancy than parental cells, which promotes the progression of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Shao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, the First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, the First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
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Zeng X, Meng Z, He J, Mao M, Li X, Chen P, Fan J, Li D. Embedded bioprinting for designer 3D tissue constructs with complex structural organization. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:1-22. [PMID: 34875360 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting has been developed as an effective and powerful technique for the fabrication of living tissue constructs in a well-controlled manner. However, most existing 3D bioprinting strategies face substantial challenges in replicating delicate and intricate tissue-specific structural organizations using mechanically weak biomaterials such as hydrogels. Embedded bioprinting is an emerging bioprinting strategy that can directly fabricate complex structures derived from soft biomaterials within a supporting matrix, which shows great promise in printing large vascularized tissues and organs. Here, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the development of embedded bioprinting including extrusion-based and light-based processes to manufacture complex tissue constructs with biomimetic architectures. The working principles, bioinks, and supporting matrices of embedded printing processes are introduced. The effect of key processing parameters on the printing resolution, shape fidelity, and biological functions of the printed tissue constructs are discussed. Recent innovations in the processes and applications of embedded bioprinting are highlighted, such as light-based volumetric bioprinting and printing of functional vascularized organ constructs. Challenges and future perspectives with regard to translating embedded bioprinting into an effective strategy for the fabrication of functional biological constructs with biomimetic structural organizations are finally discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: It is still challenging to replicate delicate and intricate tissue-specific structural organizations using mechanically-weak hydrogels for the fabrication of functional living tissue constructs. Embedded bioprinting is an emerging 3D printing strategy that enables to produce complex tissue structures directly inside a reservoir filled with supporting matrix, which largely widens the choice of bioprinting inks to ECM-like hydrogels. Here we aim to provide a comprehensive review on various embedded bioprinting techniques mainly including extrusion-based and light-based processes. Various bioinks, supporting matrices, key processing parameters as well as their effects on the structures and biological functions of resultant living tissue constructs are discussed. We expect that it can provide an important reference and generate new insights for the bioprinting of large vascularized tissues and organs with biological functions.
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