Ultrasonication of Polysaccharides from Tunisian Zizyphus lotus Fruit: Emulsifying Capacities, Rheological Properties and Antioxidant activities

Ultrasound-induced changes in rheological behavior and hydrophobic microdomains of Lignosus rhinocerotis polysaccharide

Ultrasound is increasingly applied to modify the structures and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides. Hence, this work investigated the ultrasound-induced changes in the rheological behavior and hydrophobic microdomains of Lignosus rhinocerotis polysaccharide (LRP). With an increase in ultrasonic time, the apparent viscosity, storage modulus, loss modulus, and the final percentage recovery of LRP/water system increased to reach the maximum after 10 min treatment and then decreased. These results indicated that short-term (10 min) ultrasound could increase the strength of the network structure of LRP/water system, while longer-term ultrasound (30 and 60 min) weakened the network structure. The self-healing properties of LRP/water system was not affected by ultrasound treatment according to repeated strain and time sweep data. The critical aggregation concentration of the LRP/water system decreased from 2.5 to 1.8 mg/mL after 10 min ultrasound and the number of hydrophobic microdomains increased, suggesting that ultrasound promoted the hydrophobic aggregation of LRP.

Polysaccharides from Medicine and Food Homology Materials: A Review on Their Extraction, Purification, Structure, and Biological Activities

Medicine and food homology (MFH) materials are rich in polysaccharides, proteins, fats, vitamins, and other components. Hence, they have good medical and nutritional values. Polysaccharides are identified as one of the pivotal bioactive constituents of MFH materials. Accumulating evidence has revealed that MFH polysaccharides (MFHPs) have a variety of biological activities, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and radioprotective activities. Consequently, the research progress and future prospects of MFHPs must be systematically reviewed to promote their better understanding. This paper reviewed the extraction and purification methods, structure, biological activities, and potential molecular mechanisms of MFHPs. This review may provide some valuable insights for further research regarding MFHPs.