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Parmaki S, Vasquez MI, Patsalou M, Gomes RFA, Simeonov SP, Afonso CAM, Koutinas M. Ecotoxicological assessment of biomass-derived furan platform chemicals using aquatic and terrestrial bioassays. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:686-699. [PMID: 38372577 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00552f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
An environmental toxicological assessment of fourteen furanic compounds serving as valuable building blocks produced from biomass was performed. The molecules selected included well studied compounds serving as control examples to compare the toxicity exerted against a variety of highly novel furans which have been additionally targeted as potential or current alternatives to biofuels, building blocks and polymer monomers. The impact of the furan platform chemicals targeted on widely applied ecotoxicity model organisms was determined employing the marine bioluminescent bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri and the freshwater green microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata, while their ecotoxicity effects on plants were assessed using dicotyledonous plants Sinapis alba and Lepidium sativum. Regarding the specific endpoints evaluated, the furans tested were slightly toxic or practically nontoxic for A. fischeri following 5 and 15 min of exposure. Moreover, most of the building blocks did not affect the growth of L. sativum and S. alba at 150 mg L-1 for 72 h of exposure. Specifically, 9 and 11 out of the 14 furan platform chemicals tested were non-effective or stimulant for L. sativum and S. alba respectively. Given that furans comprise common inhibitors in biorefinery fermentations, the growth inhibition of the specific building blocks was studied using the industrial workhorse yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, demonstrating insignificant inhibition on eukaryotic cell growth following 6, 12 and 16 h of exposure at a concentration of 500 mg L-1. The study provides baseline information to unravel the ecotoxic effects and to confirm the green aspects of a range of versatile biobased platform molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Parmaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Marlen I Vasquez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
- European University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Patsalou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Rafael F A Gomes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Svilen P Simeonov
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl. 9, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Carlos A M Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michalis Koutinas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
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2
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van den Tempel P, van der Boon EO, Winkelman JG, Krasnikova AV, Parisi D, Deuss PJ, Picchioni F, Bose RK. Beyond Diels-Alder: Domino reactions in furan-maleimide click networks. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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3
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Comparative Production and Optimisation of Furfural and Furfuryl Alcohol from Agricultural Wastes. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-023-00594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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4
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Rezvanian A, Khodadadi B, Tafreshi S. Use of Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates in the Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocyclic Structures. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Rezvanian
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Alzahra University Tehran Iran
| | - Behnoosh Khodadadi
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Alzahra University Tehran Iran
| | - Sepideh Tafreshi
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Alzahra University Tehran Iran
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5
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Prasad Reddy Kannapu H, Pyo S, Shiung Lam S, Jae J, Hoon Rhee G, Ali Khan M, Jeon BH, Park YK. MgO-modified activated biochar for biojet fuels from pyrolysis of sawdust on a simple tandem micro-pyrolyzer. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127500. [PMID: 35724913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study on MgO-modified KOH activated biochar (AC) catalysts, in the pyrolysis of sawdust for the direct production of bio-jet fuels using a tandem micro-pyrolyzer. AC catalysts with various MgO contents (5 to 20 wt%) were synthesized using an impregnation method. The mesopores generated (4 to 18 nm) in the carbon has a great potential in the conversion of oxygenated to jet fuel. The importance of basic nature in the catalysts is demonstrated with the maximum bio-jet fuel yield of 29 % at 10 % MgO. Further, the temperature of 600 °C and a catalyst/sawdust ratio of 10 are identified as the optimal conditions. The nanosize of MgO and the synergism of acid and base sites seemed to enhance deoxygenation, via decarboxylation and decarbonylation, and oligomerization, which are required for jet fuel formation in high amounts from sawdust pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumin Pyo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jungho Jae
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Chinomso Iroegbu A, Ray SS. Lignin and Keratin-Based Materials in Transient Devices and Disposables: Recent Advances Toward Materials and Environmental Sustainability. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10854-10863. [PMID: 35415330 PMCID: PMC8991899 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rising concerns and the associated negative implications of pollution from e-waste and delayed decomposition and mineralization of component materials (e.g., plastics) are significant environmental challenges. Hence, concerted pursuit of accurate and efficient control of the life cycle of materials and subsequent dematerialization in target environments has become essential in recent times. The emerging field of transient technology will play a significant role in this regard to help overcome current environmental challenges by enabling the use of novel approaches and new materials with unique functionalities to produce devices and materials such as disposable diagnostic devices, flexible solar panels, and foldable displays that are more ecologically benign, low-cost, and sustainable. The prerequisites for materials employed in transient devices and disposables include biodegradability, biocompatibility, and the inherent ability to mineralize or dissipate in target environments (e.g., body fluids) in a short lifetime with net-zero impact. Biomaterials such as lignin and keratin are well-known to be among the most promising environmentally benign, functional, sustainable, and industrially applicable resources for transient devices and disposables. Consequently, considering the current environmental concerns, this work focuses on the advances in applying lignin and keratin-based materials in short-life electronics and single-use consumables, current limitations, future research outlook toward materials, and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austine
Ofondu Chinomso Iroegbu
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- ,
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7
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van den Tempel P, Picchioni F, Bose RK. Designing End-of-life Recyclable Polymers via Diels-Alder Chemistry: A Review on the Kinetics of Reversible Reactions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200023. [PMID: 35238107 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to critically assess the kinetic behaviour of the furan/maleimide Diels-Alder click reaction. The popularity of this reaction is evident and still continues to grow, which is likely attributed to its reversibility at temperatures above 100°C, and due to its bio-based "roots" in terms of raw materials. This chemistry has been used to form thermo-reversible crosslinks in polymer networks, and thus allows the polymer field to design strong, but also end-of-life recyclable thermosets and rubbers. In this context, the rate at which the forward reaction (Diels-Alder for crosslinking) and its reverse (retro Diels-Alder for de-crosslinking) proceed as function of temperature is of crucial importance in assessing the feasibility of the design in real-life products. Differences in kinetics based from various studies are not well understood, but are potentially caused by chemical side groups, mass transfer limitations, and on the analysis methods being employed. In this work we attempt to place all the relevant studies in perspective with respect to each other, and thereby offer a general guide on how to assess their recycling kinetics. This review sheds light on the kinetics on the furan/maleimide Diels-Alder reaction. This popular reaction opens up a path to develop end-of-life recyclable polymer networks with self-healing properties. The factors affecting reaction kinetics are discussed, and the importance of accurate reaction kinetics in the context of polymer reprocessing is highlighted. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul van den Tempel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Product Technology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Picchioni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Product Technology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Ranjita K Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Product Technology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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Oliveira-Alves S, Lourenço S, Anjos O, Fernandes TA, Caldeira I, Catarino S, Canas S. Influence of the Storage in Bottle on the Antioxidant Activities and Related Chemical Characteristics of Wine Spirits Aged with Chestnut Staves and Micro-Oxygenation. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010106. [PMID: 35011336 PMCID: PMC8796032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Different ageing technology of wine spirits (WSs) has been investigated, but little has been published on the chemical evolution of aged WS during storage in bottle. The purpose of this study was to examine how 12 months of storage in bottle affected the evolution of antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays), total phenolic index (TPI) and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds content of the WSs aged through alternative technology using three micro-oxygenation levels (MOX) and nitrogen control (N). Results revealed the ability of phenolic compounds from aged WSs to scavenge free radicals during storage in bottle. Among the in vitro antioxidant-activity methods, FRAP assay was the more effective to differentiate WSs according to the ageing technology. Concerning the overall influence of storage in bottle on antioxidant activity, and TPI and LMW compounds content, the higher results were obtained for the MOX modalities (O15, O30 and O60), which showed a similar evolution. In summary, this study provides innovative information, demonstrating that the differences between the aged WSs imparted throughout the ageing process (resulting from different MOX levels) were mostly retained, and only slight modifications during storage in bottle were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Oliveira-Alves
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.O.-A.); (S.C.)
| | - Sílvia Lourenço
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
| | - Ofélia Anjos
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Quinta da Senhora de Mércules, 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal;
- CEF—Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Quinta da Senhora de Mércules, 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Tiago A. Fernandes
- CQE—Centro de Química Estrutural, Associação do Instituto Superior Técnico para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento (IST-ID), Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- DCeT—Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Aberta, Rua da Escola Politécnica, 141-147, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ilda Caldeira
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Polo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Evora, Portugal
| | - Sofia Catarino
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;
- CEFEMA—Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Canas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Polo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Evora, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.O.-A.); (S.C.)
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9
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Briou B, Améduri B, Boutevin B. Trends in the Diels-Alder reaction in polymer chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11055-11097. [PMID: 34605835 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01382j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder (DA) reaction is regarded as quite a useful strategy in organic and macromolecular syntheses. The reversibility of this reaction and the advent of self-repair technology, as well as other applications in controlled macromolecular architectures and crosslinking, have strongly boosted the research activity, which is still attracting a huge interest in both academic and industrial research. The DA reaction is a simple and scalable toolbox. Though it is well-established that furan/maleimide is the most studied diene/dienophile couple, this perspective article reports strategies using other reversible systems with deeper features on other types of diene/dienophile pairs being either petro-sourced (cyclopentadiene, anthracene) or bio-sourced (muconic and sorbic acids, myrcene and farnesene derivatives, eugenol, cardanol). This review is composed of four sections. The first one briefly recalls the background on the DA reactions involving cyclodimerizations, dienes, and dienophiles, parameters affecting the reaction, while the second part deals with the furan/maleimide reaction. The third one deals with petro-sourced and bio-sourced (or products becoming bio-sourced) reactants involved in DA reactions are also listed and discussed. Finally, the authors' opinion is given on the potential future of the crosslinking-decrosslinking reaction, especially regarding the process (e.g., key temperatures of decrosslinking) or possibly monocomponents. It presents both fundamental and applied research on the DA reaction and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Briou
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Bruno Améduri
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Bernard Boutevin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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Iroegbu AC, Ray SS, Mbarane V, Bordado JC, Sardinha JP. Plastic Pollution: A Perspective on Matters Arising: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:19343-19355. [PMID: 34368521 PMCID: PMC8340096 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a persistent challenge worldwide with the first reports evidencing its impact on the living and nonliving components of the environment dating back more than half a century. The rising concerns regarding the immediate and long-term consequences of plastic matter entrainment into foods and water cannot be overemphasized in light of our pursuit of sustainability (in terms of food, water, environment, and our health). Hence, some schools of thought recommend the revisitation and continuous assessment of the plastic economy, while some call for the outright ban of plastic materials, demonstrating that plastic pollution requires, more than ever, renewed, innovative, and effective approaches for a holistic solution. In this paper, dozens of reports on various aspects of plastic pollution assessment are collated and reviewed, and the impact of plastic pollution on both the living and nonliving components of the environment is discussed. Current challenges and factors hindering efforts to mitigate plastic pollution are identified to inform the presented recommendations while underscoring, for policymakers, stakeholders, and the scientific community, the exigency of finding sustainable solutions to plastic pollution that not only encompass existing challenges but also future threats presented by plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austine
Ofondu Chinomso Iroegbu
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology
Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research, CSIR, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology
Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research, CSIR, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Vuyelwa Mbarane
- State
Information Technology Agency (SITA), 459 Tsitsa Street, Erasmuskloof 0048, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - João Carlos Bordado
- Centro
de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente (CERENA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Sardinha
- Centro
de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente (CERENA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Khuenkaeo N, Phromphithak S, Onsree T, Naqvi SR, Tippayawong N. Production and characterization of bio-oils from fast pyrolysis of tobacco processing wastes in an ablative reactor under vacuum. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254485. [PMID: 34270603 PMCID: PMC8284650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of advanced pyrolysis processes to agricultural waste for liquid production is gaining great attention, especially when it is applied to an economic crop like tobacco. In this work, tobacco residues were pyrolyzed in an ablative reactor under vacuum. The maximum bio-oil yield of 55% w/w was obtained at 600°C with a particle size of 10 mm at a blade rotation speed of 10 rpm. The physical properties of the products showed that the oil produced was of high quality with high carbon, hydrogen, and calorific value. Two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis results indicated that the oils were complex mixtures of alkanes, benzene derivative groups, and nitrogen-containing compounds. In addition, 13C NMR results confirmed that long aliphatic chain alkanes were evident. The alkanes were likely converted from furans that were decomposed from hemicelluloses. Ablative pyrolysis under vacuum proved to be a promising option for generating useful amount of bio-oils from tobacco residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Khuenkaeo
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sanphawat Phromphithak
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thossaporn Onsree
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Salman Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nakorn Tippayawong
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Impact of Deuteration and Temperature on Furan Ring Dynamics. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 26:molecules26102889. [PMID: 34068118 PMCID: PMC8152745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in conformational analysis of cyclic molecules, the number of computational studies is still limited while most of that available in the literature data have been obtained long time ago with outdated methods. In present research, we have studied temperature driven conformational changes of the furan ring at three different temperatures. Additionally, the effect of deuteration on the ring dynamics is discussed; in addition, the aromaticity indices following the Bird and HOMA schemes are computed along all trajectories. Our ab initio molecular dynamic simulations revealed that deuteration has changed the furan ring dynamics and the obvious consequences; in addition, the shape and size of molecule are expected to be different.
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