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Nkwoada AU, Onyedika G, Oguzie E, Ogwuegbu M. Development of PSA@PS-TiO 2 nanocomposite photocatalyst: structure, mechanism, and application using response surface designs and molecular modeling. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:2701-2726. [PMID: 37318919 PMCID: wst_2023_148 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using periwinkle shell ash (PSA) and polystyrene (PS), a new-fangled PSA@PS-TiO2 photocatalyst was fabricated. The morphological images of all the samples studied using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) showed a size distribution of 50-200 nm for all samples. The SEM-EDX showed that the membrane substrate of PS was well dispersed, confirming the presence of anatase/rutile phases of TiO2, and Ti and O2 were the major composites. Given the very rough surface morphology (atomic force microscopy (AFM)) due to PSA, the main crystal phases (XRD) of TiO2 (rutile and anatase), low bandgap (UVDRS), and beneficial functional groups (FTIR-ATR), the 2.5 wt.% of PSA@PS-TiO2 exhibited better photocatalytic efficiency for methyl orange degradation. The photocatalyst, pH, and initial concentration were investigated and the PSA@PS-TiO2 was reused for five cycles with the same efficiency. Regression modeling predicted 98% efficiency and computational modeling showed a nucleophilic initial attack initiated by a nitro group. Therefore, PSA@PS-TiO2 nanocomposite is an industrially promising photocatalyst for treating azo dyes, particularly, methyl orange from an aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarachi Udoka Nkwoada
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail:
| | - Gerald Onyedika
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail:
| | - Emeka Oguzie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail: ; Africa Centre of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems (ACE-FUELS), Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Martin Ogwuegbu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria E-mail:
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Wang H, Han Z, Liu Y, Zheng M, Liu Z, Wang W, Fan Y, Han D, Niu L. Recyclable Composite Membrane of Polydopamine and Graphene Oxide-Modified Polyacrylonitrile for Organic Dye Molecule and Heavy Metal Ion Removal. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:938. [PMID: 36295697 PMCID: PMC9609451 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient and recyclable membranes for water contaminant removal still remains a challenge in terms of practical applications. Herein, a recyclable membrane constituted of polyacrylonitrile-graphene and oxide-polydopamine was fabricated and demonstrated efficient adsorption capacities with respect to heavy metal ions (62.9 mg g-1 of Cu2+ ion, CuSO4 50 mg L-1) and organic dye molecules (306.7 mg g-1 of methylene blue and 339.6 mg g-1 of eriochrome black T, MB/EBT 50 mg L-1). The polyacrylonitrile fibers provide the skeleton of the membrane, while the graphene oxide and polydopamine endow the membrane with hydrophilicity, which is favorable for the adsorption of pollutants in water. Benefitting from the protonation and deprotonation effects of graphene oxide and polydopamine, the obtained membrane demonstrated promotion of the selective adsorption or desorption of pollutant molecules. This guarantees that the adsorbed pollutant molecules can be desorbed promptly from the membrane through simple pH adjustment, ensuring the reusability of the membrane. After ten adsorption-desorption cycles, the membrane could still maintain a desirable adsorption capacity. In addition, compared with other, similar membranes reported, this composite membrane displays the highest mechanical stability. This work puts forward an alternative strategy for recyclable membrane design and expects to promote the utilization of membrane techniques in practical wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiyun Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Maojin Zheng
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenbang Liu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingying Fan
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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