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Zhao C, Bu H, Zhu J, Wang Y, Oliver KM, Hu F, Huang B, Li Z, Peng F. Integration of Untargeted Metabolomics with Transcriptomics Provides Insights into Beauvericin Biosynthesis in Cordyceps chanhua under H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:484. [PMID: 35628740 PMCID: PMC9143143 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps chanhua is an important cordycipitoid mushroom widely used in Asia and beyond. Beauvericin (BEA), one of the bioactive compounds of C. chanhua, has attracted much attention because of its medicinal value and food safety risk. In order to clear up the relationship between oxidative stress and BEA synthesis, we investigated the impact of H2O2-induced oxidative stress on the secondary metabolism of C. chanhua using untargeted metabolomics and a transcript profiling approach. Metabolic profiling of C. chanhua mycelia found that in total, 73 differential metabolites were identified, including organic acids, phospholipids, and non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs), especially the content of BEA, increasing 13-fold under oxidative stress treatment. Combining transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we found that the genes and metabolites associated with the NRP metabolism, especially the BEA biosynthesis, were highly significantly enriched under H2O2-induced stress, which indicated that the BEA metabolism might be positive in the resistance of C. chanhua to oxidative stress. These results not only aid in better understanding of the resistance mechanisms of C. chanhua against oxidative stress but also might be helpful for molecular breeding of C. chanhua with low BEA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Haifen Bu
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yulong Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Kerry M. Oliver
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Fenglin Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Bo Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zengzhi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Fan Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Z.); (H.B.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (F.H.); (B.H.); (Z.L.)
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Behuria HG, Biswal BK, Sahu SK. Electroformation of liposomes and phytosomes using copper electrode. J Liposome Res 2020; 31:255-266. [PMID: 32703044 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2020.1800729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for electroformation of liposomes and phytosomes using copper electrode is described. Liposomes made at 2 V and 10 Hz AC field from L-α-egg-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC), K. pneumoniae phosphatidylethanolamine, K. pneumoniae polar lipids and E. coli polar lipids on copper electrode were (777.9 ± 118.4), (370.2 ± 100.5), (825.3 ± 21.54), and (281.3 ± 42.3) nm in diameter, respectively. Giant vesicles were formed at 30 V and 10 Hz AC field from polar lipids of K. pneumoniae and E. coli were (106 ± 29.7) and (86 ± 24.3) µm in diameter, respectively. All liposomes were unilamellar as indicated by their unilamellar indices of 50 ± 2, had surface charge comparable to vesicles made from lipid(s) with similar composition and exhibited only 1-2 mol% of oxidized lipids. Cu concentration in the liposomal samples was <1.5 ppm for large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and ˂5 ppm for giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). The vesicles were stable for >15 d without loss of their size, charge, or unilamellarity. The method was successfully applied to prepare phytosomes from egg-PC and a phytochemical fraction of Dimorphocalyx glabellus, a medicinal plant with anti-diuretic properties. Phytosomes formed were 1000-1500 nm in diameter and exhibited altered fluorescence and absorbance properties compared to the unencapsulated phytochemical. Phytosomes with phytochemical: egg-PC ratio from 0.15 to 1.5 had encapsulation efficiency ranging 90-30%, respectively, and was stable for 1 month. Our method is easy, inexpensive and convenient that will prove to be useful for preparation of liposomes and phytosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Gourav Behuria
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, North Orissa University, Baripada, India
| | - Bijesh Kumar Biswal
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, North Orissa University, Baripada, India
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