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Di Bonito LP, Kyriacou P, Di Colandrea A, Di Natale F, Ruoppolo G, Krasia-Christoforou T. Design and Production of Functionalized Electrospun Fibers for Palladium Recovery. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2024; 6:9406-9419. [PMID: 39206279 PMCID: PMC11348797 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.4c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Adsorption stands out as a leading wastewater treatment method for ion removal or recovery. Polymeric fibers, notably electrospun ones, are gaining prominence due to their high capacity and easy recovery. Electrospinning offers a cost-effective means to produce fibers with a large surface area and high adsorption capacity. These fibers can be further functionalized with chemical substances acting as specific ligands for metal ions, bolstering their adsorption capabilities. In this study, dithioester-functionalized electrospun fibers were synthesized as an alternative to conventional sorbents for palladium recovery from acidic chloride solutions, similar to those used in hydrometallurgical processes for platinum group metal recovery (Pd, Pt, Rh···) from spent catalysts. Fibers with identical chemical composition but varying morphology were examined to assess their impact on palladium adsorption efficiency (i.e., beads-free and beads-on-string morphologies). Experimental investigations involved model solutions with varying palladium concentration, temperature, acidity (adjusted with HCl content), and salinity (adjusted with NaCl), utilizing both pure and dithioester-functionalized fibers. Experimental results demonstrate enhanced adsorption efficiency at lower temperatures and in 0.1 M HCl, with a negligible influence from solution salinity. Moreover, both pure polymeric and dithioester-functionalized electrospun fibers exhibit highly efficient palladium recovery. Furthermore, under optimal conditions, starting from an 80 mg/L palladium solution, a 95% recovery of palladium can be achieved with a sorbent dosage below 4 g/L of functionalized electrospun fibers. The adsorption data are well described by the Langmuir isotherm model for the pure polymeric fibers. At the same time, the contribution of dithioesters has been separately accounted for to describe the behavior of functionalized electrospun fibers. Thermal recovery of palladium from the spent sorbents has also been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Piero Di Bonito
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica, Università
degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Abramo Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale
Intensification of Separation Processes for the Environment and the
Circular Economy Laboratory (STEEL), Università
degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paraskevas Kyriacou
- Department
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Aglantzia 2109, P.O. Box 20537, 2103 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Antonio Di Colandrea
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale
Intensification of Separation Processes for the Environment and the
Circular Economy Laboratory (STEEL), Università
degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Natale
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale
Intensification of Separation Processes for the Environment and the
Circular Economy Laboratory (STEEL), Università
degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ruoppolo
- National
Research Council, Institute of Sciences
and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility, CNR-STEMS, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Theodora Krasia-Christoforou
- Department
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Aglantzia 2109, P.O. Box 20537, 2103 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Ayiotis A, Georgiou E, Ioannou PS, Pashalidis I, Krasia-Christoforou T. 3D Composite U(VI) Adsorbents Based on Alginate Hydrogels and Oxidized Biochar Obtained from Luffa cylindrica. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6577. [PMID: 37834714 PMCID: PMC10574392 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
3D naturally derived composites consisting of calcium alginate hydrogels (CA) and oxidized biochar obtained from Luffa cylindrica (ox-LC) were synthesized and further evaluated as adsorbents for the removal of U(VI) from aqueous media. Batch-type experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of various physicochemical parameters on the adsorption performance of materials. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 1.7 mol kg-1 (404.6 mg·g-1) at pH 3.0 for the CA/ox-LC with a 10% wt. ox-LC content. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the formation of inner-sphere complexes between U(VI) and the surface-active moieties existing on both CA and ox-LC, while thermodynamic data revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and entropy-driven. The experimental data obtained from the adsorption experiments were well-fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Overall, the produced composites exhibited enhanced adsorption efficiency against U(VI), demonstrating their potential use as effective adsorbents for the recovery of uranium ions from industrial effluents and seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ayiotis
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.S.I.)
| | - Efthalia Georgiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (E.G.); (I.P.)
| | - Panagiotis S. Ioannou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.S.I.)
| | - Ioannis Pashalidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (E.G.); (I.P.)
| | - Theodora Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.S.I.)
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Philippou M, Pashalidis I, Kalderis D. Removal of 241Am from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption on Sponge Gourd Biochar. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062552. [PMID: 36985524 PMCID: PMC10052943 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Luffa cylindrica biomass was converted to biochar and the removal of 241Am by pristine and oxidized biochar fibers was investigated in laboratory and environmental water samples. This species has the added advantage of a unique microsponge structure that is beneficial for the production of porous adsorbents. The main purpose of this study was to valorize this biomass to produce an efficient adsorbent and investigate its performance in radionuclide-contaminated waters. Following the preparation of Am3+ solutions at a concentration of 10−12 mol/L, the adsorption efficiency (Kd) was determined as a function of pH, adsorbent mass, ionic strength, temperature, and type of aqueous solution by batch experiments. At the optimum adsorbent dose of 0.1 g and pH value of 4, a log10Kd value of 4.2 was achieved by the oxidized biochar sample. The effect of temperature and ionic strength indicated that adsorption is an endothermic and entropy-driven process (ΔH° = −512 kJ mol−1 and ΔS° = −1.2 J K−1 mol−1) leading to the formation of inner-sphere complexes. The adsorption kinetics were relatively slow (24 h equilibrium time) due to the slow diffusion of the radionuclide to the biochar surface and fitted well to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Oxidized biochar performed better compared to the unmodified sample and overall appears to be an efficient adsorbent for the treatment of 241Am-contaminated waters, even at ultra-trace concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Philippou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Pashalidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (D.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Kalderis
- Laboratory of Environmental Technologies and Applications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 73100 Chania, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (D.K.)
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Papaphilippou PC, Marinica OM, Tanasă E, Mpekris F, Stylianopoulos T, Socoliuc V, Krasia-Christoforou T. Ofloxacin Removal from Aqueous Media by Means of Magnetoactive Electrospun Fibrous Adsorbents. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3648. [PMID: 36296838 PMCID: PMC9608509 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized electrospun polymer microfibrous membranes were fabricated by electrospinning and further surface-functionalized with magnetic iron oxide (FexOy) nanoparticles to yield magnetoactive nanocomposite fibrous adsorbents. The latter were characterized in respect to their morphology, mechanical properties and magnetic properties while they were further evaluated as substrates for removing Ofloxacin (OFL) from synthetic aqueous media and secondary urban wastewater (UWW) under varying physicochemical parameters, including the concentration of the pharmaceutical pollutant, the solution pH and the membranes' magnetic content. The magnetic-functionalized fibrous adsorbents demonstrated significantly enhanced adsorption efficacy in comparison to their non-functionalized fibrous analogues while their magnetic properties enabled their magnetic recovery and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petri Ch. Papaphilippou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - Oana Maria Marinica
- Research Center for Engineering of Systems with Complex Fluids, Politehnica University Timisoara, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Eugenia Tanasă
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Fotios Mpekris
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Vlad Socoliuc
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romania Academy—Timisoara Branch, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Theodora Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
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Advances of magnetic nanohydrometallurgy using superparamagnetic nanomaterials as rare earth ions adsorbents: A grand opportunity for sustainable rare earth recovery. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Recent Advances and Future Perspectives of Polymer-Based Magnetic Nanomaterials for Detection and Removal of Radionuclides: A review. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Philippou K, Christou CN, Socoliuc V, Vekas L, Tanasă E, Miclau M, Pashalidis I, Krasia‐Christoforou T. Superparamagnetic polyvinylpyrrolidone/chitosan/
Fe
3
O
4
electrospun nanofibers as effective U(
VI
) adsorbents. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christos N. Christou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Vlad Socoliuc
- Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids Romanian Academy – Timisoara Branch Timisoara Romania
| | - Ladislau Vekas
- Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids Romanian Academy – Timisoara Branch Timisoara Romania
- Research Center for Complex Fluids Systems Engineering Politehnica University of Timisoara Timisoara Romania
| | - Eugenia Tanasă
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
| | - Marinela Miclau
- Applied Physics Department National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter Timisoara Romania
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Krasia-Christoforou T, Socoliuc V, Knudsen KD, Tombácz E, Turcu R, Vékás L. From Single-Core Nanoparticles in Ferrofluids to Multi-Core Magnetic Nanocomposites: Assembly Strategies, Structure, and Magnetic Behavior. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2178. [PMID: 33142887 PMCID: PMC7692798 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles are the basic components of the most promising magnetoresponsive nanoparticle systems for medical (diagnosis and therapy) and bio-related applications. Multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles with a high magnetic moment and well-defined size, shape, and functional coating are designed to fulfill the specific requirements of various biomedical applications, such as contrast agents, heating mediators, drug targeting, or magnetic bioseparation. This review article summarizes recent results in manufacturing multi-core magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) systems emphasizing the synthesis procedures, starting from ferrofluids (with single-core MNPs) as primary materials in various assembly methods to obtain multi-core magnetic particles. The synthesis and functionalization will be followed by the results of advanced physicochemical, structural, and magnetic characterization of multi-core particles, as well as single- and multi-core particle size distribution, morphology, internal structure, agglomerate formation processes, and constant and variable field magnetic properties. The review provides a comprehensive insight into the controlled synthesis and advanced structural and magnetic characterization of multi-core magnetic composites envisaged for nanomedicine and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 75 Kallipoleos Avenue, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus;
| | - Vlad Socoliuc
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy–Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Kenneth D. Knudsen
- Department for Neutron Materials Characterization, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), 2027 Kjeller, Norway;
| | - Etelka Tombácz
- Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center, University of Pannonia, Zrínyi M. Str. 18., H-8800 Nagykanizsa, Hungary;
| | - Rodica Turcu
- Department of Physics of Nanostructured Systems, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat Str. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ladislau Vékás
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy–Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
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Papaparaskeva G, Dinev MM, Krasia-Christoforou T, Turcu R, Porav SA, Balanean F, Socoliuc V. White Magnetic Paper with Zero Remanence Based on Electrospun Cellulose Microfibers Doped with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030517. [PMID: 32178410 PMCID: PMC7153582 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The preparation procedure of zero magnetic remanence superparamagnetic white paper by means of three-layer membrane configuration (sandwiched structure) is presented. The cellulose acetate fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The middle membrane layer was magnetically loaded by impregnation with an aqueous ferrofluid of 8 nm magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles colloidally stabilized with a double layer of oleic acid. The nanoparticles show zero magnetic remanence due to their very small diameters and their soft magnetic properties. Changing the ferrofluid magnetic nanoparticle volume fraction, white papers with zero magnetic remanence and tunable saturation magnetization in the range of 0.5–3.5 emu/g were prepared. The dark coloring of the paper owing to the presence of the black magnetite nanoparticles was concealed by the external layers of pristine white cellulose acetate electrospun fibrous membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Papaparaskeva
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (G.P.); (M.M.D.); (T.K.-C.)
| | - M. M. Dinev
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (G.P.); (M.M.D.); (T.K.-C.)
| | - T. Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (G.P.); (M.M.D.); (T.K.-C.)
| | - R. Turcu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.T.); (S.A.P.)
| | - S. A. Porav
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.T.); (S.A.P.)
| | - F. Balanean
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy—Timisoara Branch, M. Viteazul Ave. #24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - V. Socoliuc
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy—Timisoara Branch, M. Viteazul Ave. #24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Complex Fluids Systems Engineering, Politehnica University of Timisoara, M. Viteazu Ave. #1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +40-256-403-700
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