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Gomes LS, Costa ÉO, Duarte TG, Köhler MH, Rodrigues BM, Ferreira VF, da Silva FDC, Iglesias BA, Nascimento V. Synthesis and evaluation of photophysical, electrochemical, and ROS generation properties of new chalcogen-naphthoquinones-1,2,3-triazole hybrids. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34852-34865. [PMID: 38035251 PMCID: PMC10686195 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06977j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis encompassing the synthesis, structural elucidation, photophysical behavior, and electrochemical properties of a novel series of chalcogen-naphthoquinone-1,2,3-triazole hybrids. Employing a meticulously designed protocol, the synthesis of these hybrids, denoted as 11a-j, was achieved with remarkable efficiency (yielding up to 81%). This synthesis used a regioselective copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC). Furthermore, a detailed investigation into the photophysical characteristics, TDDFT calculations, electrochemical profiles, and photobiological attributes of compounds 11a-j was conducted. This exploration aimed to unravel insights into the excited state behaviors of these molecules, as well as their redox properties. Such insights are crucial for future applications of these derivatives in diverse biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana S Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Érica O Costa
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Thuany G Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Mateus H Köhler
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Bruna M Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Bioinorganic and Porphyrin Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Niterói 24241-000 RJ Brazil
| | - Fernando de C da Silva
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Aplicada (LabSOA), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Bernardo A Iglesias
- Department of Chemistry, Bioinorganic and Porphyrin Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Vanessa Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
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2
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Xavier MO, Poester VR, Trápaga MR, Stevens DA. Sporothrix brasiliensis: Epidemiology, Therapy, and Recent Developments. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:921. [PMID: 37755029 PMCID: PMC10532502 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis is an emergent mycosis that is now a worldwide concern. One important step to sporotrichosis control is its correct treatment. However, limitations abound; thus, new antifungals, mainly focused on S. brasiliensis, are urgently needed. We performed a systematic review (following the PRISMA guideline) focused on (1) the global distribution of human and animal sporotrichosis by S. brasiliensis, especially outside of Brazil; (2) appraising therapies tested against this pathogen. We identified sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis reported in five countries (Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, the United Kingdom, and the United States) in addition to Brazil, occurring on three continents, highlighting the epidemiological scenario in Argentina with an important increase in reported cases in recent years. Regarding the antifungal activity of drugs, 25 articles described the in vitro action of 20 unique chemicals and eight repurposed drugs against S. brasiliensis. Only five studies reported in vivo activity against S. brasiliensis (five drugs) using invertebrate and vertebrate models. Sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis has a global impact and it is no longer specifically a Brazilian problem. We review the need for understanding the disease epidemiology, education of clinicians and of the populace, organization of health care delivery to respond to a spreading epidemic, and research on therapy for sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Orzechowski Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil; (M.O.X.); (V.R.P.); (M.R.T.)
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanice Rodrigues Poester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil; (M.O.X.); (V.R.P.); (M.R.T.)
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rodrigues Trápaga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil; (M.O.X.); (V.R.P.); (M.R.T.)
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil
| | - David A. Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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3
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Yilmaz Goler AM, Tarbin Jannuzzi A, Biswas A, Mondal S, Basavanakatti VN, Jayaprakash Venkatesan R, Yıldırım H, Yıldız M, Çelik Onar H, Bayrak N, Jayaprakash V, TuYuN AF. Analysis of Quinolinequinone Analogs with Promising Cytotoxic Activity against Breast Cancer. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300848. [PMID: 37590495 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
It is quite challenging to find out bioactive molecules in the vast chemical universe. Quinone moiety is a unique structure with a variety of biological properties, particularly in the treatment of cancer. In an effort to develop potent and secure antiproliferative lead compounds, five quinolinequinones (AQQ1-5) described previously have been selected and submitted to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of Bethesda to envisage their antiproliferative profile based on the NCI Developmental Therapeutics Program. According to the preliminary in vitro single-dose anticancer screening, four of five quinolinequinones (AQQ2-5) were selected for five-dose screening and they displayed promising antiproliferative effects against several cancer types. All AQQs showed a excellent anticancer profile with low micromolar GI50 and TGI values against all leukemia cell lines, some non-small cell lung and ovarian cancer, most colon, melanoma, and renal cancer, and in addition to some breast cancer cell lines. AQQ2-5 reduced the proliferation of all leukemia cell lines at a single dose and five additional doses, as well as some non-small cell lung and ovarian cancer, the majority of colon cancer, melanoma and renal cancer, and some breast cancer cell lines. This motivated us to use in vitro, in silico, and in vivo technologies to further investigate their mode of action. We investigated the in vitro cytotoxic activities of the most promising compounds, AQQ2 and AQQ3, in HCT-116 colon cancer, MCF7 and T-47D breast cancer, and DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines, and HaCaT human keratinocytes. Concomitantly, IC50 values of AQQ2 and AAQ3 against MCF7 and T-47D cell lines of breast cancer, DU-145 cell lines of prostate cancer, HCT-116 cell lines of colon cancer, and HaCaT human keratinocytes were determined. AQQ2 exhibited anticancer activity through the induction of apoptosis and caused alterations in the cell cycle. In silico pharmacokinetic studies of all analogs have been carried out against ATR, CHK1, WEE1, CDK1, and CDK2. In addition to this, in vitro ADME and in vivo pharmacokinetic profiling for the most effective AAQ (AAQ2) have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Mine Yilmaz Goler
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34854, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, 34116, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Abanish Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, 835215, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Subodh Mondal
- Bioanalysis, Eurofins Advinus BioPharma Services India Pvt Ltd., 560058, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Raghusrinivasan Jayaprakash Venkatesan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, 721302, Kharagpur, India
| | - Hatice Yıldırım
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mahmut Yıldız
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Hülya Çelik Onar
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nilüfer Bayrak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34126, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, 835215, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Amaç Fatih TuYuN
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34126, İstanbul, Türkiye
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4
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Nicoletti CD, Dos Santos Galvão RM, de Sá Haddad Queiroz M, Barboclher L, Faria AFM, Teixeira GP, Souza ALA, de Carvalho da Silva F, Ferreira VF, da Silva Lima CH, Borba-Santos LP, Rozental S, Futuro DO, Faria RX. Inclusion complex of O-allyl-lawsone with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: Preparation, physical characterization, antiparasitic and antifungal activity. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023:10.1007/s10863-023-09970-x. [PMID: 37442875 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The subclass naphthoquinone represents a substance group containing several compounds with important activities against various pathogenic microorganisms. Accordingly, we evaluated O-allyl-lawsone (OAL) antiparasitic and antifungal activity free and encapsulated in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (OAL MKN) against Trypanosoma cruzi and Sporothrix spp. OAL and OAL MKN were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical methods. The IC50 values of OAL against T. cruzi were 2.4 µM and 96.8 µM, considering epimastigotes and trypomastigotes, respectively. At the same time, OAL MKN exhibited a lower IC50 value (0.5 µM) for both trypanosome forms and low toxicity for mammalian cells. Additionally, the encapsulation showed a selectivity index approximately 240 times higher than that of benznidazole. Regarding antifungal activity, OAL and OAL MKN inhibited Sporothrix brasiliensis growth at 16 µM, while Sporothrix schenckii was inhibited at 32 µM. OAL MKN also exhibited higher selectivity toward fungus than mammalian cells. In conclusion, we described the encapsulation of O-allyl-lawsone in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, increasing the antiparasitic activity compared with the free form and reducing the cytotoxicity and increasing the selectivity towardSporothrix yeasts and the T. cruzi trypomastigote form. This study highlights the potential development of this inclusion complex as an antiparasitic and antifungal agent to treat neglected diseases.
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Grants
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- E-26/202.800/2017, SEI-260003/001178/2020, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/203.246/2017, E-26/010.000984/2019, E-26/200.982/2021, E-26/010/00168/2015 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- 308755/2018-9, 301873/2019-4, and 308755/2018-9 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- 308755/2018-9, 301873/2019-4, and 308755/2018-9 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- 308755/2018-9, 301873/2019-4, and 308755/2018-9 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Deckmann Nicoletti
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Maria Dos Santos Galvão
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcella de Sá Haddad Queiroz
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lais Barboclher
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Martins Faria
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Guilherme Pegas Teixeira
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, n° 4365, Pavilhão Lauro Travassos, sala 01, 21040-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - André Luis Ameida Souza
- Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu - RJ, Av. Abílio Augusto Távora, 2134, 26260-045, Jardim Alvorada, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Carvalho da Silva
- Departamento de Quimica Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor Francisco Ferreira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Luana P Borba-Santos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sonia Rozental
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Débora Omena Futuro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robson Xavier Faria
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, n° 4365, Pavilhão Lauro Travassos, sala 01, 21040-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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5
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Studies on 1,4-Quinone Derivatives Exhibiting Anti-Leukemic Activity along with Anti-Colorectal and Anti-Breast Cancer Effects. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010077. [PMID: 36615273 PMCID: PMC9822417 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), breast cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are life-threatening malignancies worldwide. Although potent therapeutic and screening strategies have been developed so far, these cancer types are still major public health problems. Therefore, the exploration of more potent and selective new agents is urgently required for the treatment of these cancers. Quinones represent one of the most important structures in anticancer drug discovery. We have previously identified a series of quinone-based compounds (ABQ-1-17) as anti-CML agents. In the current work, ABQ-3 was taken to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for screening to determine its in vitro antiproliferative effects against a large panel of human tumor cell lines at five doses. ABQ-3 revealed significant growth inhibition against HCT-116 CRC and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with 2.00 µM and 2.35 µM GI50 values, respectively. The MTT test also showed that ABQ-3 possessed anticancer effects towards HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 5.22 ± 2.41 μM and 7.46 ± 2.76 μM, respectively. Further experiments indicated that ABQ-3 induced apoptosis in both cell lines, and molecular docking studies explicitly suggested that ABQ-3 exhibited DNA binding in a similar fashion to previously reported compounds. Based on in silico pharmacokinetic prediction, ABQ-3 might display drug-like features enabling this compound to become a lead molecule for future studies.
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6
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Design, Synthesis, in vitro and in silico Characterization of Plastoquinone Analogs Containing Piperidine Moiety as Antimicrobial Agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Yıldırım H, Bayrak N, Yıldız M, Mataracı-Kara E, Korkmaz S, Shilkar D, Jayaprakash V, TuYuN AF. Aminated Quinolinequinones as Privileged Scaffolds for Antibacterial Agents: Synthesis, In Vitro Evaluation, and Putative Mode of Action. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41915-41928. [PMID: 36440112 PMCID: PMC9685608 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have revealed that the aminated 1,4-quinone scaffold can be used for the development of novel antibacterial and/or antifungal agents. In this study, the aminated quinolinequinones (AQQ1-9) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of seven bacterial strains (three Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria) and three fungal strains. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the QQs was also summarized. The antibacterial activity results indicated that the two aminated QQs (AQQ6 and AQQ9) were active against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) with a MIC value of 78.12 μg/mL. Besides, the two aminated QQs (AQQ8 and AQQ9) were active against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) with MIC values of 4.88 and 2.44 μg/mL, respectively. The most potent aminated QQs (AQQ8 and AQQ9) were identified as promising lead molecules to further explore their mode of action. The selected QQs (AQQ8 and AQQ9) were further evaluated in vitro to assess their potential antimicrobial activity against each of 20 clinically obtained methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates, antibiofilm activity, and bactericidal activity using time-kill curve assay. We found that the molecules prevented adhesion of over 50% of the cells in the biofilm. Molecular docking studies were performed to predict the predominant binding mode(s) of the ligands. We believe that the molecules need further investigation, especially against infections involving biofilm-forming microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Yıldırım
- Department
of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul
University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Bayrak
- Department
of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul
University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yıldız
- Department
of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Emel Mataracı-Kara
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serol Korkmaz
- Institute
of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deepak Shilkar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Amaç Fatih TuYuN
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul
University, Fatih, 34126 Istanbul, Turkey
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