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Huang X, Lian M, Li C. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in gynecological cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1459183. [PMID: 39386020 PMCID: PMC11461353 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1459183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element involved in a variety of biological processes, such as antioxidant defense, mitochondrial respiration, and bio-compound synthesis. In recent years, a novel theory called cuproptosis has emerged to explain how Cu induces programmed cell death. Cu targets lipoylated enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and subsequently triggers the oligomerization of lipoylated dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase, leading to the loss of Fe-S clusters and induction of heat shock protein 70. Gynecological malignancies including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma significantly impact women's quality of life and even pose a threat to their lives. Excessive Cu can promote cancer progression by enhancing tumor growth, proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis through multiple signaling pathways. However, there are few studies investigating gynecological cancers in relation to cuproptosis. Therefore, this review discusses Cu homeostasis and cuproptosis while exploring the potential use of cuproptosis for prognosis prediction as well as its implications in the progression and treatment of gynecological cancers. Additionally, we explore the application of Cu ionophore therapy in treating gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Huang
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengyi Lian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Longquan People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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Zhi Y, Du P, Li Y, Liu H, Jiang T, Zhao X, Li X. SOX21-AS1 Augmented Cervical Cancer Growth by Triggering FZD3 to Activate the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10770-0. [PMID: 38512584 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) SOX21-AS1 has been reported that it plays an important role in biological processes of several cancers. However, how it functions in cervical cancer (CC) still remain unclear. This investigation seeks to explore the impact of SOX21-AS1 on CC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and its association to the FZD3 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. SOX21-AS1 expression levels were detected using real-time quantitative PCR in 20 cases of cervical cancer together with its adjacent tissues and several cervical cancer cell lines. Transgenic technology and functional experiments were conducted to confirm the carcinogenic properties of SOX21-AS1, and western blot was utilized to analyze the regulatory network composed of SOX21-AS1, FZD3 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CC. Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that the expression of SOX21-AS1 in CC was the highest among 16 kinds of tumor tissues. Moreover, clinical specimens confirmed that both CC tissues and cell lines possessed elevated SOX21-AS1 expressions (P < 0.01). CC cells which stably expressed upregulated SOX21-AS1 were noted to possesses higher rates of metastasis, invasion and proliferation, lower apoptotic rates and higher expression of FZD3,β-catenin and c-myc (P < 0.01). Conversely, the use of small interfering RNA to inhibit the expression of SOX21-AS1 yielded the opposite results (P < 0.01). SOX21-AS1 functions as an oncogenic LncRNA which enhances CC cell metastasis, invasion and proliferation through FZD3 upregulation via Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway activation. This LncRNA may represent an important biomarker for CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Peipei Du
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471032, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471032, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Xiaofu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Lu Z, Xu J, Cao B, Jin C. Long non-coding RNA SOX21-AS1: A potential tumor oncogene in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154774. [PMID: 37633003 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Emerging data have proposed that the aberrant level of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) is related to the onset and progression of cancer. Among them, lncRNA SOX21-AS1 was shown to upregulate and seem to be a novel oncogene in various cancer, including ovarian cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma, and melanoma. Available data indicated that SRY-box transcription factor 21 antisense divergent transcript 1 (SOX21-AS1) mostly acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to inhibit the level of its target microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to upregulation of their targets. In addition, SOX21-AS1 is engaged in various signaling pathways like transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, Wnt signaling, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling. Moreover, this lncRNA was revealed to be correlated with the clinicopathological features of affected patients. SOX21-AS1 was also proved to enhance the resistance of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin chemotherapy. SOX21-AS1 is markedly associated with poor prognosis and low survival of patients, proposing that it may be a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in cancer. Overexpression of SOX21-AS1 is related to various cancer-related pathways, like epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. In this work, we aimed to discuss the biogenesis, function, and underlying molecular mechanism of SOX21-AS1 in cancer progression as well as its potential as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, China
| | - Binhao Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, China
| | - Chongqiang Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, China.
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Yang Z, Xu F, Teschendorff AE, Zhao Y, Yao L, Li J, He Y. Insights into the role of long non-coding RNAs in DNA methylation mediated transcriptional regulation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1067406. [PMID: 36533073 PMCID: PMC9755597 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1067406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms that governing regulation of gene expression, aberrant DNA methylation patterns are strongly associated with human malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have being discovered as a significant regulator on gene expression at the epigenetic level. Emerging evidences have indicated the intricate regulatory effects between lncRNAs and DNA methylation. On one hand, transcription of lncRNAs are controlled by the promoter methylation, which is similar to protein coding genes, on the other hand, lncRNA could interact with enzymes involved in DNA methylation to affect the methylation pattern of downstream genes, thus regulating their expression. In addition, circular RNAs (circRNAs) being an important class of noncoding RNA are also found to participate in this complex regulatory network. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on this crosstalk between lncRNA, circRNA, and DNA methylation as well as their potential functions in complex diseases including cancer. This work reveals a hidden layer for gene transcriptional regulation and enhances our understanding for epigenetics regarding detailed mechanisms on lncRNA regulatory function in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew E. Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yungang He
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wang Q, Xu Y. Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs model in tumor immune microenvironment and prognostic value of cervical cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1065701. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1065701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth leading gynecological malignancy in females worldwide. Cuproptosis, a form of cell death induced by copper, elicits a novel therapeutic strategy in anticancer therapy. Nonetheless, the effects of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs in CC remain unclear. Therefore, we aim to investigate cuproptosis-related lncRNAs, develop a risk model for prognostic prediction, and elucidate the immunological profile of CC. Transcription profiles and clinical follow-up data of CC were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Afterward, the risk model was built by distinguishing prognostic cuproptosis-related lncRNAs using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. The correctness of the risk model was validated, and a nomogram was established followed by tumor immune microenvironment analysis. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) scores were used to assess immunotherapy response, and anticancer pharmaceutical half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) prediction was performed for potential chemotherapy medicines. Finally, through coexpression analysis, 199 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were collected. A unique risk model was generated using 6 selected prognostic cuproptosis-related lncRNAs. The risk score performed a reliable independent prediction of CC survival with higher diagnostic effectiveness compared to generic clinical characteristics. Immunological cell infiltration investigation indicated that the risk model was substantially linked with CC patients’ immunology, and the low-risk patients had lower TIDE scores and increased checkpoint expression, suggesting a stronger immunotherapy response. Besides, the high-risk group exhibited distinct sensitivity to anticancer medications. The immune-related progression was connected to the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between risk groups. Generally, the risk model comprised 6 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs that may help predict CC patients’ overall survival, indicate immunocyte infiltration, and identify individualized treatment.
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Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Sensing Platform Using Ferrocene-Labelled Peptide Nucleic Acid for the Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090736. [PMID: 36140121 PMCID: PMC9496070 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic biomarkers based on epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation are promising tools for early cancer diagnosis. However, there are significant difficulties in directly and specifically detecting methylated DNA regions. Here, we report an electrochemical sensing system based on magnetic nanoparticles that enable a quantitative and selective analysis of the methylated septin9 (mSEPT9) gene, which is considered a diagnostic marker in early stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Methylation levels of SEPT9 in CRC samples were successfully followed by the selective recognition ability of a related peptide nucleic acid (PNA) after hybridization with DNA fragments in human patients’ serums and plasma (n = 10). Moreover, this system was also adapted into a point-of-care (POC) device for a one-step detection platform. The detection of mSEPT9 demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.37% and interference-free measurement in the presence of branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) and SRY box transcription factor 21 antisense divergent transcript 1 (SOX21-AS1). The currently proposed functional platform has substantial prospects in translational applications of early CRC detection.
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Li N, Zeng A, Wang Q, Chen M, Zhu S, Song L. Regulatory function of DNA methylation mediated lncRNAs in gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:227. [PMID: 35810299 PMCID: PMC9270757 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common malignancies worldwide, gastric cancer contributes to cancer death with a high mortality rate partly responsible for its out-of-control progression as well as limited diagnosis. DNA methylation, one of the epigenetic events, plays an essential role in the carcinogenesis of many cancers, including gastric cancer. Long non-coding RNAs have emerged as the significant factors in the cancer progression functioned as the oncogene genes, the suppressor genes and regulators of signaling pathways over the decade. Intriguingly, increasing reports, recently, have claimed that abnormal DNA methylation regulates the expression of lncRNAs as tumor suppressor genes in gastric cancer and lncRNAs as regulators could exert the critical influence on tumor progression through acting on DNA methylation of other cancer-related genes. In this review, we summarized the DNA methylation-associated lncRNAs in gastric cancer which play a large impact on tumor progression, such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis and so on. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanism and signaling pathway might be developed as key points of gastric cancer range from diagnosis to prognosis and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Maohua Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomi Zhu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.
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Shao D, Li Y, Wu J, Zhang B, Xie S, Zheng X, Jiang Z. An m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-Related Long Non-coding RNA Signature to Predict Prognosis and Immune Features of Glioma. Front Genet 2022; 13:903117. [PMID: 35692827 PMCID: PMC9178125 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.903117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gliomas are the most common and fatal malignant type of tumor of the central nervous system. RNA post-transcriptional modifications, as a frontier and hotspot in the field of epigenetics, have attracted increased attention in recent years. Among such modifications, methylation is most abundant, and encompasses N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N1 methyladenosine (m1A), and 7-methylguanosine (m7G) methylation.Methods: RNA-sequencing data from healthy tissue and low-grade glioma samples were downloaded from of The Cancer Genome Atlas database along with clinical information and mutation data from glioblastoma tumor samples. Forty-nine m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-related genes were identified and an m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-lncRNA signature of co-expressed long non-coding RNAs selected. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis was used to identify 12 m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-related lncRNAs associated with the prognostic characteristics of glioma and their correlation with immune function and drug sensitivity analyzed. Furthermore, the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas dataset was used for model validation.Results: A total of 12 m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-related genes (AL080276.2, AC092111.1, SOX21-AS1, DNAJC9-AS1, AC025171.1, AL356019.2, AC017104.1, AC099850.3, UNC5B-AS1, AC006064.2, AC010319.4, and AC016822.1) were used to construct a survival and prognosis model, which had good independent prediction ability for patients with glioma. Patients were divided into low and high m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-LS groups, the latter of which had poor prognosis. In addition, the m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-LS enabled improved interpretation of the results of enrichment analysis, as well as informing immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity of patients with glioma in different subgroups.Conclusion: In this study we constructed an m6A/m5C/m1A/m7G-LS and established a nomogram model, which can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with glioma and provides direction toward promising immunotherapy strategies for the future.
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Dong A, Xu B, Wang Z, Miao X. Survival‑related DLEU1 is associated with HPV infection status and serves as a biomarker in HPV‑infected cervical cancer. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:77. [PMID: 35014679 PMCID: PMC8778738 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common risk factor for the occurrence of cervical cancer (CC). In recent years, the important roles of long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CC have emerged, but studies on the relationship between lncRNAs and HPV‑positive (HPV+) CC remain scarce. The present study aimed to investigate whether lncRNA deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 1 (DLEU1) is associated with HPV infection and explore the clinical significance of DLEU1 in HPV+ patients with CC. DLEU1 expression was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. The ability of DLEU1 to screen patients with CC from controls and differentiate individuals with different HPV infection status was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The association of DLEU1 with the survival prognosis of patients with CC was assessed by Kaplan‑Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis. The RNA Interactome Database was used to predict molecules interacting with DLEU1. The results indicated that DLEU1 expression was significantly upregulated in CC tissues and cell lines, particularly in those that were HPV+. In addition, DLEU1 had a high diagnostic value in discriminating patients with CC and differentiating between HPV+ and HPV‑ patients with CC, and had a certain ability to screen HPV+ controls. DLEU1 was correlated with HPV infection in CC patients. Furthermore, DLEU1 was indicated to be associated with survival prognosis in both total patients with CC and HPV+ patients with CC, and independently predict the prognosis of patients with CC. Most of the molecules interacting with DLEU1 were microRNAs. In conclusion, abnormal DLEU1 expression is associated with HPV infection and may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HPV+ patients with CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weifang, Shandong 261061, P.R. China
| | - Zhanzhao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Xia Miao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Paskeh MDA, Mirzaei S, Gholami MH, Zarrabi A, Zabolian A, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K, Ashrafizadeh M, Aref AR, Samarghandian S. Cervical cancer progression is regulated by SOX transcription factors: Revealing signaling networks and therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112335. [PMID: 34700233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth common gynecologic cancer and is considered as second leading cause of death among women. Various strategies are applied in treatment of cervical cancer including radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. However, cervical cancer cells demonstrate aggressive behavior in advanced phases, requiring novel strategies in their elimination. On the other hand, SOX proteins are transcription factors capable of regulating different molecular pathways and their expression varies during embryogenesis, disease development and carcinogenesis. In the present review, our aim is to reveal role of SOX transcription factors in cervical cancer. SOX transcription factors play like a double-edged sword in cancer. For instance, SOX9 possesses both tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoting role in cervical cancer. Therefore, exact role of each SOX members in cervical cancer has been discussed to direct further experiments for revealing other functions. SOX proteins can regulate proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, response of cervical cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is tightly regulated by SOX transcription factors. Different downstream targets of SOX proteins such as Wnt signaling, EMT and Hedgehog have been identified. Besides, upstream mediators such as microRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs can regulate SOX expression in cervical cancer. In addition to pre-clinical studies, role of SOX transcription factors as prognostic and diagnostic tools in cervical cancer has been shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Gholami
- DVM. Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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