1
|
Luo X, Huang L, Guo Y, Yang Y, Gong P, Ye S, Wang L, Feng Y. Identification of potential candidate miRNAs related to semen quality in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles and sperms of male duck (Anas Platyrhynchos). Poult Sci 2024; 103:103928. [PMID: 39003794 PMCID: PMC11298939 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Semen quality is an important indicator that can directly affect fertility. In mammals, miRNAs in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles (SPEVs) and sperms can regulate semen quality. However, relevant regulatory mechanism in duck sperms remains largely unclear. In this study, duck SPEVs were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot (WB), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). To identify the important molecules affecting semen quality, we analysed the miRNA expression in sperms and SPEVs of male ducks in high semen quality group ((DHS, DHSE) and low semen quality group (DLS, DLSE). We identified 94 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the comparison of DHS vs. DLS, and 21 DE miRNAs in DHSE vs. DLSE. Target genes of SPEVs DE miRNAs were enriched in ErbB signaling pathway, glycometabolism, and ECM-receptor interaction pathways (P < 0.05), while the target genes of sperm DE miRNAs were enriched in ribosome (P < 0.05). The miRNA-target-pathway interaction network analyses indicated that 5 DE miRNAs (miR-34c-5p, miR-34b-3p, miR-449a, miR-31-5p, and miR-128-1-5p) targeted the largest number of target genes enriched in MAPK, Wnt and calcium signaling pathways, of which FZD9 and ANAPC11 were involved in multiple biological processes related to sperm functions, indicating their regulatory effects on sperm quality. The comparison of DE miRNAs of SPEVs and sperms found that mir-31-5p and novel-273 could potentially serve as biomarkers for semen quality detection. Our findings enhance the insight into the crucial role of SPEV and sperm miRNAs in regulating semen quality and provide a new perspective for subsequent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Liming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Ping Gong
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Shengqiang Ye
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
van Maaren J, Alves LF, van Wely M, van Pelt AMM, Mulder CL. Favorable culture conditions for spermatogonial propagation in human and non-human primate primary testicular cell cultures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1330830. [PMID: 38259514 PMCID: PMC10800969 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1330830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Autologous transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) isolated from cryopreserved testicular biopsies obtained before oncological treatment could restore fertility in male childhood cancer survivors. There is a clear necessity for in vitro propagation of the limited SSCs from the testicular biopsy prior to transplantation due to limited numbers of spermatogonia in a cryopreserved testicular biopsy. Still, there is no consensus regarding their optimal culture method. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting primary testicular cell cultures of human and non-human primate origin through use of Pubmed, EMBASE, and Web of Science core collection databases. Of 760 records, we included 42 articles for qualitative and quantitative analysis. To quantify in vitro spermatogonial propagation, spermatogonial colony doubling time (CDT) was calculated, which measures the increase in the number of spermatogonial colonies over time. A generalized linear mixed model analysis was used to assess the statistical effect of various culture conditions on CDT. Results: Our analysis indicates decreased CDTs, indicating faster spermatogonial propagation in cultures with a low culture temperature (32°C); with use of non-cellular matrices; use of StemPro-34 medium instead of DMEM; use of Knockout Serum Replacement; and when omitting additional growth factors in the culture medium. Discussion: The use of various methods and markers to detect the presence of spermatogonia within the reported cultures could result in detection bias, thereby potentially influencing comparability between studies. However, through use of CDT in the quantitative analysis this bias was reduced. Our results provide insight into critical culture conditions to further optimize human spermatogonial propagation in vitro, and effectively propagate and utilize these cells in a future fertility restoration therapy and restore hope of biological fatherhood for childhood cancer survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillis van Maaren
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luis F. Alves
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Madelon van Wely
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ans M. M. van Pelt
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Callista L. Mulder
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng S, Cao H, Cui X, Fan Y, Wang Q, Zhang X. Optimization of exosome-based cell-free strategies to enhance endogenous cell functions in tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:68-84. [PMID: 37730080 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, nanoscale extracellular vesicles, play a crucial role in intercellular communication, owing to their biologically active cargoes such as RNAs and proteins. In recent years, they have emerged as a promising tool in the field of tissue regeneration, with the potential to initiate a new trend in cell-free therapy. However, it's worth noting that not all types of exosomes derived from cells are appropriate for tissue repair. Thus, selecting suitable cell sources is critical to ensure their efficacy in specific tissue regeneration processes. Current therapeutic applications of exosomes also encounter several limitations, including low-specific content for targeted diseases, non-tissue-specific targeting, and short retention time due to rapid clearance in vivo. Consequently, this review paper focuses on exosomes from diverse cell sources with functions specific to tissue regeneration. It also highlights the latest engineering strategies developed to overcome the functional limitations of natural exosomes. These strategies encompass the loading of specific therapeutic contents into exosomes, the endowment of tissue-specific targeting capability on the exosome surface, and the incorporation of biomaterials to extend the in vivo retention time of exosomes in a controlled-release manner. Collectively, these innovative approaches aim to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of natural exosomes, optimizing exosome-based cell-free strategies to boost endogenous cell functions in tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Exosome-based cell-free therapy has recently emerged as a promising tool for tissue regeneration. This review highlights the characteristics and functions of exosomes from different sources that can facilitate tissue repair and their contributions to the regeneration process. To address the functional limitations of natural exosomes in therapeutic applications, this review provides an in-depth understanding of the latest engineering strategies. These strategies include optimizing exosomal contents, endowing tissue-specific targeting capability on the exosome surface, and incorporating biomaterials to extend the in vivo retention time of exosomes in a controlled-release manner. This review aims to explore and discuss innovative approaches that can synergistically improve endogenous cell functions in advanced exosome-based cell-free therapies for a broad range of tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Deng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hongfu Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China; Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Qiguang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao K, Jie Y, Luo M, Long Q. Cytological and functional effect of complement 3a on Human Scleral Fibroblasts. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2023; 42:137-143. [PMID: 37335830 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2226711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The complement system is considered to play an important role in the progression of myopia, whereas the influence of complement activation on the human scleral fibroblasts (HSFs) remains unknown. Hence, the effect of complement 3a (C3a) on HSFs was investigated in this study. METHODS HSFs were cultured with exogenous C3a at 0.1 μM for various periods following different measurement protocols, and cells without C3a treatment served as negative control (NC). Cell viability was investigated using the MTS assay after 3 days of C3a treatment. Cell proliferation was evaluated by the 5-Ethynyl-20-Deoxyuridine (EdU) assay following C3a stimulation for 24 hours. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining following C3a stimulation for 48 hours and the stained cells were analysed using flow cytometry. The levels of type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were analysed using ELISA following C3a stimulation for 36 and 60 hours. The level of CD59 were analysed using western blot following C3a stimulation for 60 hours. RESULTS The MTS assay revealed that cell viability was attenuated by 13% and 8% after C3a for 2 and 3 days, respectively (P < 0.05). The EdU assay demonstrated a 9% decrease in proliferation rate for the C3a-treated cells after 24 hours (P < 0.05). The apoptosis analysis revealed an increased percentage of cells in early apoptosis (P = 0.02) and total apoptosis (P = 0.02) in the C3a-treated group. Compared with NC group, the level of MMP-2 was increased by 17.6% (P = 0.002), whereas the levels of type I collagen and CD59 were respectively decreased by 12.5% (P = 0.024) and 21.6% (P = 0.044) with C3a treatment for 60 hours. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that C3a-induced complement activation is potentially involved in inducing myopic-associated scleral extracellular matrix remodelling via mediating the proliferation and function of HSFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmic and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Qin Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R.China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu DX, Li ZF, Zhao YS, Wang LM, Qi HY, Zhao Z, Tan FQ, Yang WX. Es-β-CATENIN affects the hemolymph-testes barrier in Eriocheir sinensis by disrupting cell junctions and cytoskeleton. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124867. [PMID: 37201886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
β-CATENIN is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional molecule that maintains cell adhesion as a cell junction protein to safeguard the integrity of the mammalian blood-testes barrier, and also regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis as a key signaling molecule in the WNT/β-CATENIN signaling pathway. In the crustacean Eriocheir sinensis, Es-β-CATENIN has been shown to be involved in spermatogenesis, but the testes of E. sinensis have large and well-defined structural differences from those of mammals, and the impact of Es-β-CATENIN in them is still unknown. In the present study, we found that Es-β-CATENIN, Es-α-CATENIN and Es-ZO-1 interact differently in the testes of the crab compared to mammals. In addition, defective Es-β-CATENIN resulted in increased Es-α-CATENIN protein expression levels, distorted and deformed F-ACTIN, and disturbed localization of Es-α-CATENIN and Es-ZO-1, leading to loss of hemolymph-testes barrier integrity and impaired sperm release. In addition to this, we also performed the first molecular cloning and bioinformatics analysis of Es-AXIN in the WNT/β-CATENIN pathway to exclude the effect of the WNT/β-CATENIN pathway on the cytoskeleton. In conclusion, Es-β-CATENIN participates in maintaining the hemolymph-testes barrier in the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Xi Liu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Fang Li
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan-Shuang Zhao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lan-Min Wang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong-Yu Qi
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhan Zhao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fu-Qing Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He H, Ding T, Zhang T, Geng W, Xu J, Wei Y, Zhai J. BDE-209 disturbed proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonia during mitotic process through estrogen receptor α. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100737. [PMID: 36821943 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Deca-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) exposure caused spermatogenesis disorder resulting in poor sperm quality has become a public concern in recent years. Spermatogenesis refers to the process by which the division of spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) produces haploid spermatozoa, including mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. However, the mechanism of mitosis including proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonia dysfunction induced by BDE-209 remains largely unclear. Here, our data showed that BDE-209 exposure caused a decline in sperm quality with seminiferous tubule structure disorder in rats. In addition, BDE-209 exposure damage spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation with decreasing level of PLZF and cKit in testis. Moreover, rats exposed to BDE-209 decreased the expression of ERα, whereas an elevated expression of Wnt3a and Wnt5a. Mechanistically, supplementation with propipyrazole triol (PPT, a selective ERα pathway agonist) rescued sperm quality and attenuated impairment of proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonia in BDE-209-induced rats. Therefore, ERα plays a crucial role in the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonia during mitotic process. In conclusion, our study clarified the role of ERα in BDE-209-induced spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation in rats and provides a potential therapeutic application on poor sperm quality caused by BDE-209 exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China; Guangming District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518106, China
| | - Taifa Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wenfeng Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jixiang Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jinxia Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong S, Hou B, Yang C, Li Y, Sun B, Guo Y, Deng M, Liu D, Liu G. Comparative Hypothalamic Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Crucial mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs Affecting Litter Size in Goats. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:444. [PMID: 36833370 PMCID: PMC9956962 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Litter size is an important indicator to measure the reproductive performance of goats, which is affected by the reproductive function of animals. The hypothalamus, as the regulatory center of the endocrine system, plays an important role in the reproduction of female animals. Here, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing using hypothalamic tissue from high-fecundity and low-fecundity Leizhou goats to explore critical functional genes associated with litter size. Differentially expressed mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNAs were screened using DESeq and were enriched, and then analyzed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome. Results showed that some of these differentially expressed mRNAs could be enriched in reproductive processes, jak-STAT, prolactin signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways related to reproduction, such as SOCS3. Furthermore, the central proteins POSTN, MFAP5, and DCN from protein-protein interaction may regulate animal reproductive activity by affecting cell proliferation and apoptosis. lncRNA MSTRG.33887.2 as well as circRNAs chicirc_098002, chicirc_072583, and chicirc_053531 may be able to influence animal reproduction by participating in folate metabolism and energy metabolism homeostasis through their respective target genes. Our results expand the molecular mechanism of hypothalamic regulation on animal reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guangbin Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Z, An J, Zhu D, Chen H, Lin A, Kang J, Liu W, Kang X. Periostin: an emerging activator of multiple signaling pathways. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:515-530. [PMID: 35412260 PMCID: PMC9733775 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are responsible for regulating the microenvironment, the behaviors of surrounding cells, and the homeostasis of tissues. Periostin (POSTN), a non-structural matricellular protein, can bind to many extracellular matrix proteins through its different domains. POSTN usually presents at low levels in most adult tissues but is highly expressed in pathological sites such as in tumors and inflamed organs. POSTN can bind to diverse integrins to interact with multiple signaling pathways within cells, which is one of its core biological functions. Increasing evidence shows that POSTN can activate the TGF-β, the PI3K/Akt, the Wnt, the RhoA/ROCK, the NF-κB, the MAPK and the JAK pathways to promote the occurrence and development of many diseases, especially cancer and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, POSTN can interact with some pathways in an upstream and downstream relationship, forming complicated crosstalk. This article focuses on the interactions between POSTN and different signaling pathways in diverse diseases, attempting to explain the mechanisms of interaction and provide novel guidelines for the development of targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoheng Wang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangdong An
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Chen
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aixin Lin
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihe Kang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|