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Jang HJ, Joung HA, Goncharov A, Kanegusuku AG, Chan CW, Yeo KTJ, Zhuang W, Ozcan A, Chen J. Deep Learning-Based Kinetic Analysis in Paper-Based Analytical Cartridges Integrated with Field-Effect Transistors. ACS NANO 2024; 18:24792-24802. [PMID: 39252606 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the fusion of a field-effect transistor (FET), a paper-based analytical cartridge, and the computational power of deep learning (DL) for quantitative biosensing via kinetic analyses. The FET sensors address the low sensitivity challenge observed in paper analytical devices, enabling electrical measurements with kinetic data. The paper-based cartridge eliminates the need for surface chemistry required in FET sensors, ensuring economical operation (cost < $0.15/test). The DL analysis mitigates chronic challenges of FET biosensors such as sample matrix interference, by leveraging kinetic data from target-specific bioreactions. In our proof-of-concept demonstration, our DL-based analyses showcased a coefficient of variation of <6.46% and a decent concentration measurement correlation with an r2 value of >0.976 for cholesterol testing when blindly compared to results obtained from a CLIA-certified clinical laboratory. These integrated technologies have the potential to advance FET-based biosensors, potentially transforming point-of-care diagnostics and at-home testing through enhanced accessibility, ease-of-use, and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-June Jang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hyou-Arm Joung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Artem Goncharov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anastasia Gant Kanegusuku
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, United States
| | - Clarence W Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kiang-Teck Jerry Yeo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wen Zhuang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Junhong Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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Ayyandurai N, Venkatesan S, Raman S. A Sensitive Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor for Cholesterol Based on Cobalt Ferrite@Molybdenum Disulfide/Gold Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4080-4092. [PMID: 38771954 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential in biological systems, and the level of cholesterol in the body of a person acts as a diagnostic marker for a variety of diseases. So, in this work, we fabricated an enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for cholesterol using cobalt ferrite@molybdenum disulfide/gold nanoparticles (CoFe2O4@MoS2/Au). The synthesized composite was used for the determination of cholesterol by voltametric methods. The electroactive material CoFe2O4@MoS2/Au was successfully verified from the physiochemical studies such as XRD, Raman, FT-IR, and XPS spectroscopy along with morphological FESEM and HRTEM characterization. CoFe2O4@MoS2/Au showed outstanding dispersion in the aqueous phase, a large effective area, good biological compatibility, and superior electronic conductivity. The microflower-like CoFe2O4@MoS2/Au was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The image of transmission electron microscopy showed decoration of gold nanoparticles on CoFe2O4@MoS2 surfaces. Furthermore, a one-step dip-coating technique was used to build the biosensor used for cholesterol detection. In addition to acting as an enabling matrix to immobilize cholesterol oxidase (ChOx), CoFe2O4@MoS2/Au contributes to an increase in electrical conductivity. The differential pulse voltammetry method was used for the quantitative measurement of cholesterol. The calibration curve for cholesterol was linear in the concentration range of 5 to 100 μM, with a low limit of detection of 0.09 μM and sensitivity of 0.194 μA μM-1 cm-2. Furthermore, the biosensor demonstrates good practicability, as it was also employed for identifying cholesterol in real samples with acceptable selectivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Ayyandurai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sethuraman Venkatesan
- Research and Development, New Energy Technology Centre, Lithium-Ion Division, Amara Raja Battery Ltd., Karakambadi 517520, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sasikumar Raman
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shimada T. Nanomaterial-based sensors in analytical chemistry. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:357-358. [PMID: 38403796 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Shimada
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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