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Thomas HM, Spicer MJ, Nelson WP. Evaluation of P wave axis in distinguishing anatomical site of atrial septal defect. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 1973; 35:738-42. [PMID: 4718825 PMCID: PMC458692 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.35.7.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Strauch H. Das Phonokardiogramm bei pathologisch vermehrter Volumenarbeit des Herzens. Basic Res Cardiol 1968. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02119675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Elektrokardiographische Untersuchungen zur Differenzierung partieller und totaler Formen des Canalis atrioventricularis. Basic Res Cardiol 1967. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02120020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
The results of the electrocardiographic, vectorcardiographic, and hemodynamic studies of 70 patients with atrial septal defects are analyzed. Serial electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms were obtained in 16 patients following surgery.
The incidence of the rSR' and rSr' patterns in the right precordial leads was 60 per cent.
To a limited extent, the configuration of the electrocardiogram is related to right ventricular pressure and PBF/SBF. However, no quantitative assessment could be made by determining the magnitude of R or R' in lead V
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The vectorcardiogram is an important adjunct to the electrocardiogram in detecting right ventricular hypertrophy. As the right ventricular pressure increases, the QRS sÊ loop tends to shift more to the right and anteriorly.
Although it can be generally stated that the rSR' configuration in atrial septal defects is usually due to right ventricular hypertrophy, this configuration is also due to terminal conduction delay or terminal conduction delay associated with right ventricular hypertrophy in a significant number of instances.
The vectorcardiogram is useful in detecting terminal conduction delay in patients with rSR' in the right precordial leads. It was also of value in determining the presence of right ventricular hypertrophy in combination with terminal conduction delay.
The evidence of terminal conduction delay may disappear after successful repair of atrial septal defects.
Left axis deviation, superior displacement, and counterclockwise direction of inscription of the QRS sÊ loop in the frontal plane are valuable signs for differentiating ostium primum defects from ostium secundum defects. Each of the eight proved instances of ostium primum defects had these typical features.
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Reindell H, Doll E, Steim H, Bilger R, König K, Gebhardt W, Emmrich J. Das prä- und postoperative Röntgenbild angeborener Herzfehler, seine Bedeutung für Diagnose, Prognose und Pathophysiologie. Basic Res Cardiol 1962. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02119382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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BURCHELL HB, DUSHANE JW, BRANDENBURG RO. The electrocardiogram of patients with atrioventricular cushion defects (defects of the atrioventricular canal)∗. Am J Cardiol 1960; 6:575-88. [PMID: 13805997 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(60)90259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Die Diagnose des Vorhofseptumdefektes aus phonokardiographischen und auskultatorischen Befunden. Basic Res Cardiol 1959. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02119961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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SODI-PALLARES D, PILEGGI F, CISNEROS F, GINEFRA P, PORTILLO B, MEDRANO GA, BISTENI A. The mean manifest electrical axis of the ventricular activation process (AQRS) in congenital heart disease: a new approach in electrocardiographic diagnosis. Am Heart J 1958; 55:681-700. [PMID: 13533248 DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(58)90006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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