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Conzelmann E, Sandhoff K. Glycolipid and glycoprotein degradation. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 60:89-216. [PMID: 3310533 DOI: 10.1002/9780470123065.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Conzelmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany
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Miklyaeva EI, Dong W, Bureau A, Fattahie R, Xu Y, Su M, Fick GH, Huang JQ, Igdoura S, Hanai N, Gravel RA. Late onset Tay–Sachs disease in mice with targeted disruption of the Hexa gene: behavioral changes and pathology of the central nervous system. Brain Res 2004; 1001:37-50. [PMID: 14972652 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease resulting from a block in the hydrolysis of GM2 ganglioside, an intermediate in ganglioside catabolism. The mouse model of Tay-Sachs disease (Hexa -/-) has been described as behaviorally indistinguishable from wild type until at least 1 year of age due to a sialidase-mediated bypass of the metabolic defect that reduces the rate of GM2 ganglioside accumulation. In this study, we have followed our mouse model to over 2 years of age and have documented a significant disease phenotype that is reminiscent of the late onset, chronic form of human Tay-Sachs disease. Onset occurs at 11-12 months of age and progresses slowly, in parallel with increasing storage of GM2 ganglioside. The disease is characterized by hind limb spasticity, weight loss, tremors, abnormal posture with lordosis, possible visual impairment, and, late in the disease, muscle weakness, clasping of the limbs, and myoclonic twitches of the head. Immunodetection of GM2 ganglioside showed that storage varies widely in different regions, but is most intense in pyriform cortex, hippocampus (CA3 field, subiculum), amygdala, hypothalamus (paraventricular supraoptic, ventromedial and arcuate nuclei, and mammilary body), and the somatosensory cortex (layer V) in 1- to 2-year-old mutant mice. We suggest that the Tay-Sachs mouse model is a phenotypically valid model of disease and may provide for a reliable indicator of the impact of therapeutic strategies, in particular geared to the late onset, chronic form of human Tay-Sachs disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Miklyaeva
- Neuroscience Research Group and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
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Yuziuk JA, Bertoni C, Beccari T, Orlacchio A, Wu YY, Li SC, Li YT. Specificity of mouse GM2 activator protein and beta-N-acetylhexosaminidases A and B. Similarities and differences with their human counterparts in the catabolism of GM2. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:66-72. [PMID: 9417048 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tay-Sachs disease, an inborn lysosomal disease featuring a buildup of GM2 in the brain, is caused by a deficiency of beta-hexosaminidase A (Hex A) or GM2 activator. Of the two human lysosomal Hex isozymes, only Hex A, not Hex B, cleaves GM2 in the presence of GM2 activator. In contrast, mouse Hex B has been reported to be more active than Hex A in cleaving GM2 (Burg, J., Banerjee, A., Conzelmann, E., and Sandhoff, K. (1983) Hoppe Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 364, 821-829). In two independent studies, mice with the targeted disruption of the Hexa gene did not display the severe buildup of brain GM2 or the concomitant abnormal behavioral manifestations seen in human Tay-Sachs patients. The results of these two studies were suggested to be attributed to the reported GM2 degrading activity of mouse Hex B. To clarify the specificity of mouse Hex A and Hex B and to better understand the observed results of the mouse model of Tay-Sachs disease, we have purified mouse liver Hex A and Hex B and also prepared the recombinant mouse GM2 activator. Contrary to the findings of Burg et al., we found that the specificities of mouse Hex A and Hex B toward the catabolism of GM2 were not different from the corresponding human Hex isozymes. Mouse Hex A, but not Hex B, hydrolyzes GM2 in the presence of GM2 activator, whereas GM2 is refractory to mouse Hex B with or without GM2 activator. Importantly, we found that, in contrast to human GM2 activator, mouse GM2 activator could effectively stimulate the hydrolysis of GA2 by mouse Hex A and to a much lesser extent also by Hex B. These results provide clear evidence on the existence of an alternative pathway for GM2 catabolism in mice by converting GM2 to GA2 and subsequently to lactosylceramide. They also provide the explanation for the lack of excessive GM2 accumulation in the Hexa gene-disrupted mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Yuziuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
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Orlacchio A, Emiliani C, Rambotti P, Pioda GB, Davis S. Alteration of beta-hexosaminidase activity and isoenzymes in human leukemic cells. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1986; 36:283-92. [PMID: 2948528 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(86)90137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
beta-Hexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.20; Hex) activity and isoenzyme characteristics were analyzed in human normal and leukemic leukocytes. Unseparated CLL and CML cells had a specific activity that was lower, whereas ALL and AML blasts had a higher specific activity than normal lymphocytes and granulocytes. CLL B-cells had a lower specific activity compared with that in normal non-T-lymphocytes; CLL T-cells and normal T-cells had similar activity. Isoenzyme separation was performed by chromatofocusing on PBE-94 coupled with an automated enzyme assay. When using a single linear pH elution gradient, normal leukocytes and all leukemia cells contained two forms of isoenzyme (B and A). When a double pH elution gradient was performed, an extra distinct form of Hex (I) was recorded. Hex I was present in small amounts in normal granulocytes and PHA-stimulated normal lymphocytes; isoenzyme I was found in high amounts in all leukemias tested. The activity ratios I/B and I/A, as well as the I isoenzyme profile, may facilitate differentiation between normal and leukemic cells and between lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemias.
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Orlacchio A, Emiliani C, Di Renzo GC, Cosmi EV. beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase isoenzymes from human amnionic membranes. Clin Chim Acta 1986; 159:279-89. [PMID: 3769215 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(86)90061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase isoenzymes (A and B) have been identified and purified from amnionic fetal membrane. The final specific activity of A and B isoenzymes increased 225- and 185-fold respectively by a purification scheme, which included a lyophilized extract, chromatofocusing on PBE 94, pH range 5.5 to 4.0, and affinity chromatography on p-aminophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranoside covalently linked to Sepharose-4B. Different electrophoretic mobility, thermostability and different thiol group modifications of the two isoenzymes were found. Acetate was a more effective competitive inhibitor than were iodoacetamide, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine more than glucosamine and galactosamine, confirming a specific 'acetamido receptor site' for both the isoenzymes.
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Abstract
Proteins which bind glycolipids with high specificity are tentatively divided into two groups. One group consists of activator proteins involved in the catabolism of glycolipids by acid lysosomal hydrolases. Two activator proteins, GM2-activator and sphingolipid activator protein-1, are critically appraised on their glycolipid-binding properties and on their activity to facilitate the transfer of glycolipids. These proteins are glycoproteins localized in the lysosomes. Their molecular weights are in a range of 21 000-27 000, and isoelectric points are 4-5. Glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) is included in the other group. GLTP purified from pig brain has a molecular weight of about 20 000 and an isoelectric point of 8.3. GLTP facilitates the transfer of various glycosphingolipids and glyceroglycolipids between membranes. The protein does not facilitate the transfer of phospholipids or cholesterol. GLTP binds galactosylceramide. The galactosylceramide-GLTP complex participates in the transfer reaction as the intermediate. Each protein in both groups binds glycolipids with a characteristic specificity to the sugar moiety. A stoichiometry of 1 mol of lipid per mol of protein has been found in all three proteins. Proteins in both groups seem to have a hydrophobic region on their surface, since all three proteins have been efficiently purified by hydrophobic chromatography.
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Salvayre R, Maret A, Negre A, Lenoir G, Vuillaume M, Icart J, Didier J, Douste-Blazy L. Molecular forms of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase in Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoid cell lines from normal subjects and patients with Tay-Sachs disease. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 133:627-33. [PMID: 6305653 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In whole leukocytes and in lymphocytes from normal subjects, the percentage activity of heat-stable beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (30 +/- 5% and 45 +/- 5%, respectively) was higher than in the transformed lymphoid cell line (19 +/- 3%). In Tay-Sachs transformed cells as well as non-transformed beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase was almost completely heat-stable (95 - 98%). In the transformed cells from normal subjects, the beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase B (Hex B) activity (5% of total) was significantly lower than in blood lymphocytes (average 25 - 30% of total activity), whereas Hex A and Hex I were similar in the either cell type. Blood lymphocytes and lymphoid cell lines established from a Tay-Sachs patient lacked heat-labile Hex A and expressed high heat-stable Hex I and Hex B activities (3-6-fold). After neuraminidase treatment, Hex A peak sharpened while Hex I peaks switched to higher pI than normal Hex I, in the region of Hex B. PreHex A/S pI was not affected. Hydrolytic properties using the both substrates (4-methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 4-methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside) of each molecular form were similar in transformed and non-transformed cells. Data derived from the use of a mixture of substrates were consistent with the model which proposes a common active site for either substrate in the case of preHex A, Hex B and Hex I, but not for Hex A. Thus Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoid cell lines represent an accurate model system for studies on Tay-Sachs disease.
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Li S, Nakamura T, Ogamo A, Li Y. Evidence for the presence of two separate protein activators for the enzymic hydrolysis of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)86559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Bearpark TM, Stirling JL. A difference in the specificities of human liver N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidases A and B detected by their activities towards glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. Biochem J 1978; 173:997-1000. [PMID: 708387 PMCID: PMC1185871 DOI: 10.1042/bj1730997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-beta-hexosaminidases A and B differ in their activities towards oligosaccharides prepared from glycosaminoglycans. Trisaccharides from hyaluronic acid and desulphated chondroitin 4-sulphate were hydrolysed by N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase A, but not by N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase B.
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Bach G, Geiger B. Human placental N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase isozymes. Activity toward native hyaluronic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 189:37-43. [PMID: 30399 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(78)90111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Dean KJ, Sung SS, Sweeley CC. Purification and partial characterization of human liver alpha-galactosidase: is alpha-galactosidase B an alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1978; 101:515-23. [PMID: 208364 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9071-2_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wan Ho M, Norden AG, Alhadeff JA, O'Brien JS. Glycosphingolipid hydrolases: properties and molecular genetics. Mol Cell Biochem 1977; 17:125-40. [PMID: 200837 DOI: 10.1007/bf01730832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This is a review of the properties and molecular genetics of six lysosomal hydrolases: beta-galactosidase, hexosaminidases A and B, alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase and alpha-fucosidase. Each enzyme is discussed with regards to isoenzymes and substrate specificity, subunit structure, genetic relationship of isoenzymes and genetic variants. The molecular genetics of human diseases caused by deficiencies of each enzyme are discussed.
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O'Brien JS, Norden GW, Miller AL, Frost RG, Kelly TE. Ganglioside GM2 N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase and asialo GM2 (GA2) N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase; studies in human skin fibroblasts. Clin Genet 1977; 11:171-83. [PMID: 13950 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1977.tb01296.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ganglioside GM2 and its asialo-derivative, GA2 were radiolabeled in their N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl moieties by oxidation with galactose oxidase and reduction with tritiated sodium borohydride. Specific activities of 6 X 10(4) dpm/nmol (GM2) and 1.8 X 10(6) dpm/nmol (GA2) were achieved. About 98% of the label was in N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. Using these substrates, an assay was developed for GM2-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase (E.C.3.2.1.30) and GA2-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase (E.C.3.2.1.30) activities in human cultured skin fibroblasts. The products of the GM2 cleaving reaction were identified as N-acetylgalactosamine and ganglioside GM3. Both GM2 and GA2 cleaving activities were stimulated about 5-fold by purified sodium taurocholate, and this stimulation was inhibited by neutral detergents, lipids and albumin at low concentrations. Addition of various salts, reducing agents and a protein activator factor from human liver of Li et al. (1973) did not stimulate GM2-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase activity beyond that found with sodium taurocholate. Under optimal conditions, control fibroblast supernates cleaved ganglioside GM2 at a rate of 3.7 nmol/mg protein/h compared to 1100 for GA2-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase and 4700 for 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Supernates from two patients with Tay-Sachs disease had markedly reduced activity levels for GM2-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase but not for the other two substrates. Supernates from two patients with Sandhoff's disease had reduced activities for all three substrates. A supernate from one patient with juvenile GM2 gangliosidosis cleaved GM2 at a somewhat faster rate than those from Tay-Sachs or Sandhoff's patients. Two healthy adult women with markedly reduced hexosaminidase A activities using 4MU-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as substrate had approximately half-normal activities using GM2 as substrate. A patient with the Tay-Sachs phenotype but with a partial deficiency of hexosaminidase A using the 4-MU substrate had a profound deficiency using GM2 as substrate. In such unusual hexosaminidase mutants, assays using GM2 as substrate are better indicators of phenotype than those using synthetic substrates.
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Drogin M, Nakagawa S, Nitowsky HM. A comparative study of the properties of rat and human. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(77)90054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Schneck L, Hoffman LM, Amsterdam D, Brooks S, Pinkett B. Glycolipids in cultured fetal Tay-Sachs disease cerebellar cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1976; 68:495-507. [PMID: 937117 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7735-1_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Geiger B, Navon R, Ben-Yoseph Y, Arnon R. Specific determination of N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase isozymes A and B by radioimmunoassay and radial immunodiffusion. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 56:311-8. [PMID: 809276 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb02235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The two major isozymes of N-acetylhexosaminidase, namely hexosaminidases A and B were quantitatively determined in tissues and biological fluids of both normal individuals and Tay-Sachs patients. The determination was carried out by two sensitive immunoassays:radial immunodiffusion, using chromogenic substrate, and radioimmunoassay, which were developed in this study. For this purpose [corrected] we used either a cross-reactive antiserum which reacts to a similar extent with both isozymes, or an antiserum reacting exclusively with hexosaminidase A (obtained by selective immunoadsorption). This enabled the quantitisation of the two isozymes separately, or in the presence of each other, in purified enzyme preparations or in tissue homogenates, affording a direct positive determination of hexosaminidase A. The results demonstrated that normal tissues contain the two isozymes in comparable amounts, whereas tissues of Tay-Sachs patients lack hexosaminidase A or any material which carries the A-specific antigenic determinants. The possible applications of these assays and their potential use in diagnosis are discussed.
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Ben-Yoseph Y, Geiger B, Arnon R. Antibody-mediated thermal stabilization of human hexosaminidases. IMMUNOCHEMISTRY 1975; 12:221-6. [PMID: 811543 DOI: 10.1016/0019-2791(75)90235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Heterogeneity of human hepatic H-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidose. A activity toward natural glycosphingolipid substrates. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Tallman JF. The enzymology of Tay-Sachs disease and its variant forms. UCLA FORUM IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 1975:479-99. [PMID: 812231 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-139050-1.50035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Carmody PJ, Rattazzi MC. Conversion of human hexosaminidase A to hexosaminidase "B" by crude Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase preparations: merthiolate is the active factor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 371:117-25. [PMID: 4473220 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(74)90160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cantz M, Kresse H. Sandhoff disease: defective glycosaminoglycan catabolism in cultured fibroblasts and its correction by beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1974; 47:581-90. [PMID: 4279821 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Stirling JL. Human N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidases: hydrolysis of N, N' diacetylchitobiose by a low molecular weight enzyme. FEBS Lett 1974; 39:171-5. [PMID: 4368781 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Carroll M, Robinson D. A low-molecular-weight protein cross-reacting with human liver N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Biochem J 1974; 137:217-21. [PMID: 4207386 PMCID: PMC1166107 DOI: 10.1042/bj1370217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antisera were raised to preparations of hexosaminidase isoenzymes A and B purified from human liver. Protein that cross-reacted with the liver hexosaminidase was detected by an antibody-consumption method. A cross-reacting protein with a low molecular weight (20000) was partially characterized and purified from control human liver. This protein is also present in the liver of patients with Tay-Sachs disease or with Sandhoff's disease. Hexosaminidases A and B gave an immunological reaction of partial identity with the low-molecular-weight protein. The possible identity of the low-molecular-weight cross-reacting protein as a subunit of hexosaminidase is discussed.
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Norden AG, O'Brien JS. Ganglioside GM1 beta-galactosidase: studies in human liver and brain. Arch Biochem Biophys 1973; 159:383-92. [PMID: 4784465 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(73)90465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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LaBadie JH, Aronson NN. Lysosomal beta-D-mannosidase of rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 321:603-14. [PMID: 4762411 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(73)90203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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