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Ortega JM, Roncel M. The afterglow photosynthetic luminescence. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:268-276. [PMID: 33231323 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The afterglow (AG) photosynthetic luminescence is a long-lived chlorophyll fluorescence emitted from PSII after the illumination of photosynthetic materials by FR or white light and placed in darkness. The AG emission corresponds to the fraction of PSII centers in the S2/3 QB non-radiative state immediately after pre-illumination, in which the arrival of an electron transferred from stroma along cyclic/chlororespiratory pathway(s) produces the S2/3 QB - radiative state that emits luminescence. This emission can be optimally recorded by a linear temperature gradient as sharp thermoluminescence (TL) band peaking at about 45°C. The AG emission recorded by TL technique has been proposed as a simple non-invasive tool to investigate the chloroplast energetic state and some of its metabolism processes as cyclic transport of electrons around PSI, chlororespiration or photorespiration. On the other hand, this emission has demonstrated to be a useful probe to study the effect of various stress conditions in photosynthetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Ortega
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Roncel
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Seville, Spain
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Pinto F, Damm A, Schickling A, Panigada C, Cogliati S, Müller-Linow M, Balvora A, Rascher U. Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from high-resolution imaging spectroscopy data to quantify spatio-temporal patterns of photosynthetic function in crop canopies. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1500-12. [PMID: 26763162 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Passive detection of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) using spectroscopy has been proposed as a proxy to quantify changes in photochemical efficiency at canopy level under natural light conditions. In this study, we explored the use of imaging spectroscopy to quantify spatio-temporal dynamics of SIF within crop canopies and its sensitivity to track patterns of photosynthetic activity originating from the interaction between vegetation structure and incoming radiation as well as variations in plant function. SIF was retrieved using the Fraunhofer Line Depth (FLD) principle from imaging spectroscopy data acquired at different time scales a few metres above several crop canopies growing under natural illumination. We report the first maps of canopy SIF in high spatial resolution. Changes of SIF were monitored at different time scales ranging from quick variations under induced stress conditions to seasonal dynamics. Natural changes were primarily determined by varying levels and distribution of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). However, this relationship changed throughout the day demonstrating an additional physiological component modulating spatio-temporal patterns of SIF emission. We successfully used detailed SIF maps to track changes in the canopy's photochemical activity under field conditions, providing a new tool to evaluate complex patterns of photosynthesis within the canopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Pinto
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alexander Damm
- Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anke Schickling
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Cinzia Panigada
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Cogliati
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark Müller-Linow
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Agim Balvora
- INRES-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Experimental Station of University of Bonn in Klein-Altendorf, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
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Ihnken S, Kromkamp JC, Beardall J. Photoacclimation in Dunaliella tertiolecta reveals a unique NPQ pattern upon exposure to irradiance. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2011; 110:123-137. [PMID: 22101577 PMCID: PMC3224225 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Highly time-resolved photoacclimation patterns of the chlorophyte microalga Dunaliella tertiolecta during exposure to an off-on-off (block) light pattern of saturating photon flux, and to a regime of consecutive increasing light intensities are presented. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) mechanisms unexpectedly responded with an initial decrease during dark-light transitions. NPQ values started to rise after light exposure of approximately 4 min. State-transitions, measured as a change of PSII:PSI fluorescence emission at 77 K, did not contribute to early NPQ oscillations. Addition of the uncoupler CCCP, however, caused a rapid increase in fluorescence and showed the significance of qE for NPQ. Partitioning of the quantum efficiencies showed that constitutive NPQ was (a) higher than qE-driven NPQ and (b) responded to light treatment within seconds, suggesting an active role of constitutive NPQ in variable energy dissipation, although it is thought to contribute statically to NPQ. The PSII connectivity parameter p correlated well with F', F(m)' and NPQ during the early phase of the dark-light transients in sub-saturating light, suggesting a plastic energy distribution pattern within energetically connected PSII centres. In consecutive increasing photon flux experiments, correlations were weaker during the second light increment. Changes in connectivity can present an early photoresponse that are reflected in fluorescence signals and NPQ and might be responsive to the short-term acclimation state, and/or to the actinic photon flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Ihnken
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Ruengjitchatchawalya M, Kovács L, Mapaisansup T, Sallai A, Gombos Z, Ponglikitmongkol M, Tanticharoen M. Higher plant-like fluorescence induction and thermoluminescence characteristics in cyanobacterium, Spirulina mutant defective in PQH2 oxidation by cytb6/f complex. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 162:1123-32. [PMID: 16255170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2004.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the photosynthetic electron transport in a mutant of Spirulina platensis, generated by chemical mutagenesis, demonstrated that the electron transfer from the plastoquinone (PQ) to cytochrome b6/f was slowed. Thermoluminescence (TL) measurements suggested the presence of reversed energy flow via PQ, which resulted in an emergence of the plant-like after-glow TL band at 45 degrees C that could be enhanced by the transthylakoidal pH gradient and could be eliminated by an uncoupler, FCCP. The localization of the changes in the electron transport of the mutant cells measured by various methods revealed that the re-oxidation of the PQ pool is hampered in the mutant compared to the wild-type cells. The reduction in energy migration was localized between PQ and PS I reaction centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marasri Ruengjitchatchawalya
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thung-kru, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Photosystem I generates a free-energy change of 0.7 electron volts or less. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chlorophyll b deficiency in soybean mutants. I. Effects on photosystem stoichiometry and chlorophyll antenna size. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Black MT, Brearley TH, Horton P. Heterogeneity in chloroplast photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1986; 8:193-207. [PMID: 24443258 DOI: 10.1007/bf00037128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/1985] [Revised: 07/01/1985] [Accepted: 07/15/1985] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem-two (PSII) in the chloroplasts of higher plants and green algae is not homogeneous. A review of PSII heterogeneity is presented and a model is proposed which is consistent with much of the data presented in the literature. It is proposed that the non-quinone electron acceptor of PSII is preferentially associated with the sub-population of PSII known as PSIIß.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Black
- Research Institute for Photosynthesis, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, Sheffield, UK
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Shahak Y, Avron M. Reverse electron flow in chloroplasts. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1986; 10:405-413. [PMID: 24435388 DOI: 10.1007/bf00118306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Energy dependent reverse electron flow reactions in isolated thylakoids provide a unique tool to study, in the dark, the coupling between the ATP synthase, proton transport and the electron transfer system. Appropriate experimental conditions have been established to follow experimentally the following reactions: 1. ATP driven proton uptake into the inner-thylakoid space, which requires preactivation of the ATP synthase. 2. ATP driven reverse electron transport, which involves proton transport as an intermediate, and results in the reduction of QA by an externally added electron donor. 3. ATP driven luminescence, which requires the presence of an oxidized partner on the water side of photosystem II, and involves electron transport from QB to QA. 4. ΔpH driven reverse electron flow, which does not require the participation of the ATP synthase, and uses reduced intermediates between the two photosystems as electron donors for the reduction of QA. 5. ΔpH driven luminescence which again uses reduced intermdiates between the two photosystems as electron donors for QA reduction, and requires the presence of an oxidized partner on the water side of photosystem II. Several of these reactions have been shown to occur in intact chloroplasts and may provide an important regulatory mechanism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shahak
- Biochemistry Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
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Galmiche JM, Girault G, Lemaire C. STRUCTURE and FUNCTION OF THE COUPLING-FACTOR OF PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION. Photochem Photobiol 1985. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1985.tb03626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Van Gorkom HJ. Electron transfer in photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1985; 6:97-112. [PMID: 24442870 DOI: 10.1007/bf00032785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/1984] [Accepted: 11/07/1984] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The picture presently emerging from studies on the mechanism of photosystem II electron transport is discussed. The reactions involved in excitation trapping, charge separation and stabilization of the charge pair in the reaction center, followed by the reactions with the substrates, plastoquinone reduction and water oxidation, are described successively. Finally, a brief discussion on photosystem II heterogeneity is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Van Gorkom
- Department of Biophysics, Huygens Laboratory of the State University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Schreiber U. ATP-induced increase in chlorophyll fluorescence. Characterization of rapid and slow induction phases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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