Synthesis of D-cysteine from 3-chloro-D-alanine and hydrogen sulfide by 3-chloro-D-alanine hydrogen chloride-lyase (deaminating) of Pseudomonas putida

Enzymatic transformations of 3-chloroalanine into useful amino acids

The investigation of the combination of enzymatic and chemical synthetic processes for the production of useful compounds has been carried out. This review focuses on the enzymatic transformation of chemically synthesized 3-chloroalanine into useful amino acids.

Synthesis of S-(carboxymethyl)-D-cysteine by 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase of pseudomonas putida CR 1-1

S-(Carboxymethyl)-D-cysteine, which is an important component of semisynthetic cephalosporin, MT-141, was enzymatically synthesized. S-(Ethoxy-carbonyl-methyl)-D-cystein was synthesized from 3-chloro- D-alanine and ethyl thioglycolate by the beta-replacement reaction of 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase from Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1 and subsequently hydrolyzed by alkali. The synthesized S-(carboxymethyl)-D-cysteine was isolated from a large scale reaction mixture and identified physicochemically. The reaction conditions for the synthesis of S-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-D-cysteine were optimized using resting cells of P. putida CR 1-1.

Synthesis of D-cysteine-related amino acids by 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase of Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1

Using the beta-replacement reaction of 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase from Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1, S-methyl-, S-ethyl-, S-n-propyl-, S-n-butyl-, S-phenyl-, S-benzyl-, S-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)- and S-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-cysteine were synthesized from 3-chloro-D-alanine and methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, n-butyl-, phenyl-, benzyl-mercaptans, alpha-thioglycerol and 2-mercaptoethanol, respectively. The enzymatically synthesized D-cysteine-related amino acids were isolated from the large scale reaction mixture and identified physicochemically.